Nose bleeding. Hospital hemorrhage is one of the common emergencies in otolaryngology. First-time doctors should determine the bleeding site as soon as possible, correctly estimate the amount of bleeding and judge the cause of bleeding, so as to make appropriate and effective treatment in time. Diagnostic procedures are shown in table. For active bleeding for which the cause cannot be found temporarily, the cause should be found after effective hemostasis, and hemostasis treatment should not be delayed.

Diagnostic procedures for epistaxis:

All cases:

1. Medical record

2. Judging the location and cause of bleeding

Anterior epistaxis: minor traumatic bleeding (including nose digging), idiopathic epistaxis, rhinitis sicca, perforation of nasal septum, nasal septum ulcer, infectious diseases, etc.

Hemorrhage in the middle and back of nasal cavity: hypertension, arteriosclerosis, fracture, tumor, etc.

Diffuse epistaxis: bleeding tendency, coagulation disorder, hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia, etc.

3. Blood pressure measurement, circulatory system evaluation

4. Analysis of bleeding and coagulation function

Added some cases:

5. X-ray examination of head, nose and paranasal sinuses generally adopts standard posture, and tomography, CT scan, magnetic resonance examination or angiography are used when necessary.

6. Eliminate potential systemic diseases.