1, select seeds.

Gourd grows most vigorously in April-May in spring. It is generally best to sow in April-May, and the survival rate is the highest. First, it is necessary to select excellent varieties of gourd seeds without any pests and diseases, and soak the seeds in potassium permanganate solution for disinfection to prevent pests and diseases.

Step 2 soak to accelerate germination

Soak gourd seeds in warm water at 40 ~ 50℃ for about 20 ~ 25 minutes, then wrap the seeds with toilet paper and gauze, put them in a small container and maintain them in a ventilated and warm environment. Sprinkle some water every day, and wait a week for the seeds to take root.

3. Selection of basin soil

Gourd roots are developed, so soil with deep soil layer, high fertility, strong permeability, and fertilizer and water conservation should be selected. We can choose to mix pastoral soil, humus soil and coarse sand according to the ratio of 6: 3: 1, and we can add some organic fertilizer to it to increase soil fertility.

Step 4 start sowing

When sowing gourd, it is necessary to water the pot soil first, keep the soil moist, plant the roots of the seeds in the soil, then cover with a layer of soil, keep the temperature at about 15 ~ 20℃, carefully cultivate in astigmatism, and wait for a week for the seeds to germinate.

5, sowing management

After sowing gourd seeds, you need to wait 3-4 days for watering, without fertilization. After rooting and sprouting, it is necessary to reduce the amount of watering and keep the soil slightly wet. After waiting for one month, apply nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer once and put it in a sunny place for cultivation. If the sun is too strong, you need to do a good job of sun protection.

6, scaffolding and planting

Gourd is a climbing plant. After it takes root and sprouts, it needs to be planted with scaffolding. It needs to prepare three wooden sticks 1 ~ 2 meters, insert them around the gourd seedlings in equilateral triangle positions, and then fix the long stems and leaves of the gourd on the wooden sticks with ropes.

Field management of gourd;

1, artificial weeding, timely control of pests and diseases.

2, combined with topdressing, leveling the empty ridge and spreading grass, when the main vine grows to about 50cm, it is best to combine irrigation, topdressing urea 100-250 g/plant, topdressing should not be too close to the main root to prevent root burning. Don't urinate on the leaves to prevent burning leaves, level the empty ridges to prevent lack of grass, and then spread grass on the empty ridges, with rice straw or wheat straw 1kg per square meter.

3, along the vine, pointed, forked, artificial pollination.

(1) Leave two main vines on each vine, and both main vines are compressed transversely to the air. Directional soil can be cultivated 1 time, so that melon seedlings can be tilted in the downwind direction to avoid turning over seedlings.

(2) the first stage pinching. When it grows to three leaves, it begins to pinch the tip, observe and pinch off the second and third branches. The main vine will pinch the tip after August.

(3) Artificial pollination. Generally, sweet gourds don't bloom in the morning and rainy days, so they pinch their forks every morning and start pollination in the afternoon 16. Pollination can be stopped after the agency (August 23). Generally, two main vines knot 6-8 melons.

(4) Leave a driveway in the field. In principle, there are two melon ridges on both sides of the driveway to facilitate watering and harvesting melons.

4, gourd fertilization should be based on organic fertilizer, fertilizer must pay attention to the supply of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, especially in the fruit period must have enough phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. Watering takes only five to seven days as a cycle, and each watering should be poured on the soil near the root of the gourd, waiting for the gourd to absorb itself.

5, gourd diseases and insect pests mainly include cotton rot, Fusarium wilt, powdery mildew, downy mildew and red spider. Do a good job in prevention and control in advance. Gourd is flat and sweet, and has a certain detoxification effect. It will be listed in August and September every year, and you can go to the vegetable market or supermarket to buy it.