I. Overview of Nouns Nouns denote names or abstract concepts of people, things and places. English nouns can be divided into common nouns and proper nouns. Common nouns are: 1. Abstract nouns. Such as: beauty, fear, courage, charity, joy, etc. 2. Material nouns. Such as air, soap, beef, etc. 3. collective noun. Such as: family, group, team, swarm, crowd, flock, etc. 4. Individual nouns. Such as: tables, people, dogs, books, etc. Proper nouns include names and places, such as Tom, Mrs Smith, China, etc. Second, the number of nouns (1) What is the number of nouns? It refers to the singular and plural forms of nouns. Some English nouns are singular and plural, while others are not. The following introduces the construction of noun plural and compound noun plural. The construction method of noun plural: 1. In general, -s is added after nouns. Such as: dogs, houses, grams. 2. Nouns ending in -o or -s, -sh, -ch and -x plus -es form their plural forms. For example: tomato-tomato, kiss-kiss, watch-watch, box-box, shrub-shrub. 3. Some words ending in -o are loanwords or abbreviated nouns, so -s should be added. Such as: piano-piano, dynamo-dynamos, photo-photos, kimono -Kimonos. 4. Some nouns ending in -o are preceded by vowels and then-s. Such as: studio-studio, radio-radio. Nouns ending in -oo only add-s. Such as: zoo-zoo. 5. For nouns ending in -y and having a consonant letter before -y, remove -y and add -ies. Such as: baby-baby, university-university, fly-fly, impudence-impression. If the noun ending in -y is a vowel before -y, add -s directly. For example: boy-boy, donkey-donkey. 6. Nouns ending in -f or -fe generally remove -f, -fe and add -ves. For example: wife-wife, wolf-wolf, calf-calf. Such nouns also include: life, knife, ego, shelf, leaf, thief, bundle, half, etc. The plural form of the noun scarf, pier, hoof and handkerchief is -s or -f plus -ves, that is, scarf or scarf, pier or pier, hoof or hoof, handkerchief or handkerchief. Some nouns ending in -f or -fe only add-s. Such as cliff-cliffs, believe-believes, safe-safes, roof-roof, chief-chiefs, etc. 7. Some nouns form plural forms by changing vowels. Such as: man-man, woman-woman, goose-goose, foot-foot, mouse-mouse, Louise-lice, tooth-tooth, and so on. The plural of child is children, and the plural of ox is bull. 8. The plural forms of some nouns representing living things are the same as the singular forms. Such as fish-fish, sheep-sheep, deer-deer. There are planes, means and so on. What is a verb? Verbs are words that express actions. 7? 5? 9? 9. Are you going? 2? 7? 9? 9. coming? 3? 5? 9? 9. Here? 0? 1? 9? 9. Push? 1? 5? 9? 9. Do you see it? 2? 9? 9? 9. write? 1? 7? 9? 6? 6? 9? 9? 9. Love? 1? 7? 7? 9? 6? 9? 9? 9. thinking? 3? 3? 9? 9. What is it? 7? 7? 9? 9. take it? 0? 8? 9? 9. accept? 2? 7? 3? 2? 6? 9? 9? The characteristics of the verb 1. Verbs cannot be used independently in the form of words in sentences, but must be used in combination with the suffix. 6? 0? 1? 6? 9? 1? 3? 3 ? 5? 1? 0? 5? 1? 1? 3? 7? 3? 5 ? 1? 9? 9? 9.(? 1? 5 + ? 9? 6 ? 9? 9) Students watch TV. 2. Verbs can be directly followed by suffixes indicating grammatical meanings such as time, form and order. For example:? 2? 5? 0? 5? 9? 7? 3? 3 ? 2? 7? 3? 2? 2? 3 ? 7? 5? 2? 7? 2? 5? 2? 8? 9? 1? 9? 9 (? 2? 7+? 2? 5+? 2? 8? 9? 1? 9? Mom went to the market. Verbs mainly serve as predicates and attributes in sentences, but nouns can serve as subjects and objects after the suffix. For example:? 8? 9? 9? 1? 3? 3 ? 2? 7? 8? 5? 0? 7 ? 8? 5? 9? 9? 0? 9? 9? Wait till they come. (object)? 8? 5? 9? 9? 0? 5? 8? 9 ? 1? 7? 9? 1? 9? 1? 3? 3 ? 0? 9? 9? There are many people waiting at 9 o'clock. (attributive)? 0? 7? 8? 1? 8? 5? 7? 5 ? 2? 5? 0? 4? 9? It's hard to meet (the subject)? 3? 7? 0? 5? 7? 5 ? 8? 9? 3? 1 ? 1? 3? 3? 5 ? 4? 1? 9? We will play football tomorrow. Conceptual verbs in the first part are words that express actions, behaviors and changes. Verbs express actions first. For example:? 7? 5? 9? 9 (go)，？ 2? 7? 9? 9 (coming),? 1? 9? 9? 9 (station),? 2? 8? 9? 9 (sitting), 9? 5? 9? 9 (running),? 8? 9? 9? 9 (fly) 0? 7? 9? 1? 9? 9 (do)，？ 0? 6? 9? 9 (eat), 3? 0? 9? 9 (wear), 4? 7? 9? 9 (kick)? 9? 5? 3? 1? 9? 9 (throw). Secondly, although it does not directly indicate action, it indicates the change of the state or nature of things, or indicates psychology and attitude. For example:? 3? 1? 9? 9 (sleeping),? 1? 5? 9? 9 (live), 0? 7? 2? 5? 9? 7? 9? 9 (contradiction), 3? 3? 9? 9 (yes). [Status]? 1? 7? 9? 6? 6? 9? 9? 9 (love)? 2? 2? 2? 5? 6? 9? 9? 9 (hate),? 0? 7? 1? 9? 3? 5? 6? 9? 9? 9 (fear),? 3? 9? 7? 4? 6? 9? 9? 9 (respect)? 3? 6? 2? 7? 6? 9? 9? 9 (disgust),? 2? 9? 5? 3? 6? 9? 9? 9 (sad), 8? 5? 1? 1? 6? 9? 9? 9 (happy), 0? 3? 3? 5? 6? 9? 9? 9 (hate, hate) [psychological activity] The types of verbs in the second section can be divided into automatic words and other verbs, independent verbs and auxiliary verbs according to syntactic characteristics. 1. Automatic words and other verbs can be divided into other verbs and automatic words according to their action characteristics. Other verbs: If the action represented by this verb must involve an object, it is called another verb. His verb must have a direct object in the sentence. ? 2? 3? 3? 3? 7? 5 ? 0? 8? 3? 5 ? 0? 6? 8? 9? 9? 9. Children eat. Here "? 0? Who is the actor of 6 (Eat)? 2? 3? 3? 3 (children) ","? 0? 8 (meters) "Yes"? 0? 6? 8? 9? 9? 9 "Objects involved in the action. Only use "? 0? 8 "can be fully realized"? 0? 6? 8? 9? 9? 9 "behavior. The verbs in the following examples are all other verbs. ? 2? 9? 9? 9 – ? 8? 1? 8? 9? 8? 7? 3? 5? 2? 3? 9? 9. I write. ? 3? 0? 9? 9 – ? 8? 5? 9? 4? 3? 1? 9? 1? 3? 3 ? 3? 8? 3? 5 ? 3? 0? 8? 9? 9? 9. Workers build houses. ? 2? 2? 9? 9 – ? 2? 9? 9? 1? 7? 5 ? 9? 4? 1? 6? 3? 5 ? 2? 2? 8? 9? 9? 9. Sister carries her little brother on her back.