Light-loving, cold-resistant, wetland and dry land can grow, but it grows best in moist and well-drained soil; Developed root system, strong wind resistance, fast growth and easy reproduction.
Planting point:
Soil preparation and fertilization
Deep ploughing in northern areas is mostly carried out in autumn, with a depth of 25-30cm. After thawing in the following spring, the land should be ploughed and harrowed for 2-3 times, and the ground should be leveled with fine harrow. Made into a high ridge, the ridge bottom is 60 cm wide, the ridge surface is 30 cm wide, and the ridge height is 15~20 cm. Combined with ridging, foot fertilizer should be applied intensively, and 0.5 ~ 10000 kg of fully decomposed fertilizer should be applied per mu.
Management method
After willow cutting, it is necessary to use a big plow to support the ridge in time and irrigate 1 time in time, which is beneficial to drought resistance and moisture conservation and is the key to ensure the survival of cutting seedlings. Usually, side ditch irrigation is used, and irrigation should be carried out according to the situation in the future. Generally, it is irrigated 6~7 times a year, and it is timely and reasonable according to the climate and soil conditions. In general, we should master the principles of first full irrigation, second shallow irrigation, less irrigation in seedling stage, more irrigation in vigorous and fast-growing stage, frequent irrigation, timely irrigation after topdressing and stop irrigation, so as to promote the full lignification of seedlings in the later stage. At the same time, pay attention to the drainage in the nursery during the rainy season. In the nursery, intertillage and weeding should be done in time to keep the soil loose and free of weeds. Generally, it should be shoveled dry in time after irrigation and heavy rain.
It will be appropriately reduced after the end of July and basically stopped in mid-August. When shoveling the room, care should be taken not to damage the roots or epidermis and buds of the seedlings. Seedlings enter the fast-growing period (June-July), and ammonium sulfate is topdressing once every half month, 3-4 times a year, and ammonium sulfate is applied per mu every time about 10 kg. Irrigation in time after ditching, so that the seedlings can be fully absorbed, "eat and drink enough", grow rapidly, and exert greater fertilizer efficiency. Phosphate fertilizer (calcium superphosphate) can be applied appropriately in the later stage when conditions permit. It's not too late to topdressing. Topdressing after August is easy to cause seedlings to grow in vain and the lignification degree of seedlings is poor. Frozen bamboo shoots are easy to produce in winter, which affects the quality of seedlings. Pick buds and prune them in time. Generally, after cutting, the underground part of the cuttings has not yet taken root, and many new buds will grow on the aboveground part. Before lignification, buds should be picked (or tillered) in time to reduce the excessive consumption of water and nutrients by cuttings. When the new seedlings grow to a height of 6~ 10 cm, select the new buds with thick and straight ends, and remove the rest to make them have obvious trunk.
Willow trunk is easy to draw out side branches very early, so it is necessary to pick buds and prune them in time to avoid affecting high growth. Bud picking should be carried out many times. From May to July, in addition to retaining 3/5 branches of the trunk, axillary buds on the seedlings should also be removed. When you see a bud, you should wipe it horizontally from the base of the bud with leaves. Don't tear the epidermis to prevent the invasion of pests and diseases. Generally, bud picking and pruning are stopped in early and middle August, and some lateral branches are left to inhibit high growth, promote lignification of seedling tips and ensure safe overwintering. Rust is easy to occur at seedling stage. Generally, from the early onset, spray 200 times sodium chloride solution or 0.3-0.5 wave of meishi sulfur mixture every 10~ 15 days for 2-3 consecutive times. For piercing moths, 40% dimethoate emulsion can be sprayed 1000 times to control house moths in double-tailed fields. Spraying 50% Marathon Emulsion for 500 times or 50% Bajitu Emulsion 1000 times to control longicorn beetles.
Cultivation of transplanted seedlings: 2-3-year-old willow seedlings for urban and rural greening can be transplanted 1 year-old seedlings. You can also row every 1 plant 1 plant on the big ridge, so that 2~3 plants are left per meter of ridge surface, and the rest seedlings are transplanted. After 1~2 years of cultivation, when the seedlings are 2.5-3 meters high and the ground diameter is more than 3.5 cm, they can be planted in the nursery for greening. In order to cultivate a thick trunk or an unfolded crown and make the crown beautiful, it is necessary to trim it in time. Male willow seedlings should be selected for park and road greening, which is beneficial to environmental sanitation.