Methods/steps:
1, practice? Peony is a fleshy root, which prefers temperature to extreme heat and is cold-resistant; I like light but avoid summer exposure, so it is best to choose a weak shade environment for planting. The soil is neutral or slightly alkaline sandy loam, well drained, fertile and slightly wet. If it is not sandy loam, it will be improved by mixing sand with decomposed manure and loess. Soil preparation requires fine soil particles and loose and flat soil. Before soil preparation, apply a proper amount of bactericide to treat the soil, apply base fertilizer, and plow and harrow. High beds should be made in low-lying areas, and it is forbidden to plant plants in low-lying areas where water is easy to accumulate.
2. water? Peony is neither drought-tolerant nor waterlogging-tolerant. In the northern region with uneven rainfall and dry air, timely watering is a necessary condition to ensure the vigorous growth of peony. Watering should master the principle of keeping the soil moist, not too wet and not accumulating water. Generally, the seedlings that have just been planted should be watered by water, before winter, and others can be watered according to the situation and flowers. Peony is a fleshy root, and no water accumulation is allowed. After the rainstorm, we must pay attention to drainage to avoid root rot of peony. Don't water in rainy season. If it doesn't rain for a long time, consider watering it properly. The newly planted peony was watered in June 5438+1October, once in June165438+1October, and once in February 65438+February. Well water or pollution-free river water is the best choice for water quality. If not, you can use tap water.
3. Peony is a fertilizer-loving plant. Rational fertilization is one of the important conditions to make flowers big and colorful and avoid flowering every other year. Peony should be fertilized at least three times a year. The first time is in early spring, when the soil is thawed and the flower buds germinate, the fertilizer mainly composed of organic nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer is applied, which is called pre-flowering fertilizer to provide the necessary nutrients for the growth of branches and leaves and the rapid development of flower buds. Apply fully decomposed cake fertilizer or Trim granular compound fertilizer after flowering for the second time to supplement the nutrients consumed by plant growth and flowering and promote the differentiation of new flower buds. After flowering, the amount of topdressing must be sufficient, not one topdressing, or even two or three topdressing to supplement excessive root nutrition. Before the third fertilization, combined with winter irrigation, decomposed compost or manure was applied to facilitate the safe overwintering of plants and provide nutrients for the germination and growth of the next spring. Peony fertilization should be based on cake fertilizer, and human feces can be used as topdressing. The amount of fertilization should be determined according to the variety, plant size and growth. Generally, 500 grams of cake fertilizer (or 5 kilograms of coarse fertilizer, chemical fertilizer 100 grams) is applied to each five-year-old peony. Before flowering and flower bud differentiation, 0.2% ~ 0.5% trimer mineral potassium dihydrogen phosphate was used as topdressing outside the root to promote leaf absorption.
4. Prune and shape the peony for 2 to 3 years, then fix the stem and decide how many branches to leave. For varieties with weak growth and few branches, generally cut weak and stay strong; The varieties with vigorous growth and many branches leave 3 ~ 5 branches; A vigorous "peony tree" can be pruned into a single dry type. Fixed work is carried out in autumn and winter and completed year by year. In spring, the redundant tillering buds at the root of Paeonia suffruticosa should be removed in time to avoid consuming a lot of nutrients, and all the other branches should be cut off except the spare branches properly selected, so as to promote the development of flower buds at the top of the plant and ensure the full shape of the plant.
5, pest control The key to pest control is prevention. First of all, we should strengthen the management of fertilizer and water to increase the resistance of peony; Secondly, to improve the local environment and create suitable temperature, humidity and light conditions for the growth of peony, 50% sunshade net should be set when the sun shines in summer. ?
6. Loosening and weeding Peony also needs loosing and weeding in the cultivation process, generally combined with watering. Loosen the soil every time you water it, and loosen the soil every time it rains moderately. At the same time, weeds, especially vine weeds, should be removed. In winter, in the slack season, the peony field is turned deep once, 20 to 30 cm deep, which can loosen the soil to increase permeability and promote the growth of fibrous roots.