Question 1: How to prune and thin hazelnut seedlings in three years 1). In the first year: planting and stemming is the first step in shaping. The fixed stem height is 40-60 cm. Generally, after planting from April to May, branches will grow after two months. If the number of branches exceeds 4, choose to cut off those with poor extension, branch shape, and growth, and keep no more than 4 branches. Generally in early August, due to reasons such as high ground temperature, sufficient moisture, and sufficient nutrition of branches, the branches can be seen to be significantly longer. At this time, the branches are twisted, lightly pruned, sprayed with chlormequat, etc. to suppress the excessive growth and make the branches full and strong. Conducive to flower bud differentiation.

(2) The second year (biennial tree): Generally from February to March, cut off the main branches grown in the previous year (that is, the branches developed from the above 3-4 full buds) ) (depending on the specific situation, some branches are very short, just cut off the top). Pay attention to retaining full, outward-facing buds that can send out new side branches slightly below the cut. At the beginning of August every year, branches that have grown too long and fluttering are restrained by twisting, lightly pruning, and spraying chlormequat to make the branches full and strong, which is conducive to flower bud differentiation.

(3) In the third year (three-year-old tree): Select 2-3 side branches on each main branch and cut off excess side branches. And lightly prune these side branches and the extension branches of the main branch. Pay attention to leaving the outer buds under the cut, but do not prune the inner short branches.

Question 2: How to prune and shape hazelnut trees

(1) Purpose

Hazel trees, like other fruit trees, must be shaped according to their own growth and development characteristics. Trim to form a reasonable frame. Balance the tree vigor, expand the canopy as quickly as possible, and adjust the relationship between growth and fruiting to achieve early fruiting and early high yield.

(2) Method

1. Shaping

The natural tree shape of hazelnuts. Both European hazelnuts and European hazelnut hybrids are tall shrubs. The tree height can reach 5 to 8m. However, the height of cultivated hazelnut trees should generally be controlled within 3 to 5m. . Currently, there are three types of cultivated tree shapes used in hazel production: cluster-like shape with few stems, single-stem shape, and cluster-like shape with multiple stems.

(1) Cluster-like shape with few stems, leaving 3 to 4 basal branches as main branches, and extending obliquely in different directions. The main branch bears lateral branches, and the lateral branches bear vegetative branches and fruiting mother branches. The overall shape forms a natural happy tree shape, and the tree height reaches 3~5m. Procedure for shaping and pruning the stems into clusters: First year: Plant one-year-old seedlings. The seedlings themselves often do not have three basal branches. Therefore, the stems of the seedlings should be pruned again, leaving about 20cm of stems to promote the germination of the basal branches. Select the remaining stems for the following year. Main branch.

In the second year: Choose 3 to 4 basal branches with different orientations as main branches, and cut them lightly, leaving 2/3 of the branches, leaving full buds and outer buds at the cutting edge, and the remaining basal branches from Cut off the base.

The third year: Lightly shorten the selected main branches and extend the branches. Select 2 to 3 side branches for each main branch and lightly shorten them. Shape into a heart-shaped crown, and the branches from the ground to 40cm high on the main branches are cut off from the base. Pay attention to remove sprouting tillers in time.

The fourth year: Continue to shorten the extension branches of the main lateral branches at all levels, and pay attention to pruning off branches below 40cm and sprouting tillers. The crown continues to expand, and the crown is basically formed at this time.

(2) Single trunk shape (Figure 6-2) This kind of tree shape should retain a trunk with a trunk height of 40~60cm, and select 3 to 4 evenly distributed main branches on the trunk. Select the lateral branches, and the lateral branches will bear the auxiliary lateral branches and the fruiting mother branches. A short main trunk is formed, with a natural open-shaped crown on the upper part. Single trunk shaping and pruning procedure.

First year: Plant one-year-old seedlings. Immediately after planting, set the stem to a height of 60-70cm. Keep the main stem high at 40-60cm. The main stem should be vertically upward.

In the second year: Select 3 to 4 main branches with different orientations on the main trunk, and lightly shorten each main branch. Cut off about 1/3 of the branch length, and cut the lower part of the main branch. Leave the outer buds plump.

In the third year: Select 2 to 3 side branches on each main branch, and cut them lightly. Cut the extension branches of each main branch lightly, leaving the outer buds and inner buds under the cut. Do not prune short branches.

The fourth year: Continue to lightly shorten the extension branches of the main and side branches, and the crown of the tree is basically formed.

(3) Multi-stem cluster shape. For this crown shape, 5 to 8 basal branches are selected as the main branches and the remaining basal branches are cut off from the base. If the number of basal branches is less than the number of main branches, you can select and retain the budding branches. After the main branches are selected, the mother branches and vegetative branches are cultivated. This type of tree has too many main branches and unreasonable nutrient distribution, so it is rarely used now.

2. Pruning

(1) Pruning period

① Winter pruning: It is carried out during the dormant period. Generally, northern my country has dry winters with less rain and snow, and pruning is usually done in spring before germination. Pruning in March in Liaoning.

② Summer pruning: performed during the growing season, is particularly important for regulating the reasonable distribution of nutrients.

(2) Pruning methods

① Different varieties of hazel trees have different degrees of crown opening, which can be adjusted through pruning measures. If the hazel tree has an upright crown, leave lateral branches to open its angle. If the crown is excessively opened, upward upright branches should be left to reduce the opening angle. In short, keep the canopy opening angle appropriate.

② Hazel trees of different ages require different pruning measures. Generally, for saplings without fruit and those in the early stage of fruiting, the main purpose is to expand the crown. Lightly shorten the extension branches of each main side branch, cut off 1/3 of their length, and pay attention to adjusting the opening angle. Extension branches that are too long should be moderately shortened to prevent the "bare stem" phenomenon in the lower part. Do not cut the inner branches.

For trees in the fruiting period, the extension branches of each main branch should be lightly pruned, and 1/3 or 1/2 of their length should be cut off to promote the formation of new branches. For the small branches inside the crown, except for thin branches, diseased branches, and weeping branches that need to be cut off, the other short branches are not pruned and are left as fruit-bearing mother branches. In order to increase the number of flower buds and increase yield, the middle branches and short branches are not pruned, and only the extension branches of the main and side branches are lightly cut. On the contrary, in order to promote the growth of strong branches and restore the tree's vigor, the developing branches should be pruned again, and some mediocre branches should be shortened to reduce the amount of flowering.

Old trees updated. Hazel trees enter the fruiting stage after ten years old and can generally last for 20 to 30 years. In order to extend their economic life, attention should be paid to timely updating and pruning, that is... >>

Question 3: 7 years Why does the hazelnut tree not bloom? The flowers and fruits of hazelnut trees generally occur on the one- to two-year-old branches that sprout from the roots. Old branches generally do not bloom.

Question 4: How many kilograms of hazelnuts can be harvested from one acre of land? Different varieties:

1. The wild "flat hazelnut" in Northeast China has an yield of 50-70 kilograms per mu.

2. European hazelnuts (American hazelnuts) are actually mostly produced in "Turkey" with an output of 400-600 pounds per mu, but the taste is slightly worse.

3. Ping-ou hybrid large-fruited hazelnuts, with a yield of about 500-1,000 kilograms, are slightly inferior to wild hazelnuts in taste, but the taste is far better than the American large hazelnuts on the market.