The terminal buds on the main stem and branches of loquat can form 4 ~ 5 whorled branches with distinct layers, forming a neat conical crown, and then forming a round head and a short crown after shaping. 1. Plastic, (1) The trunk is layered, with a height of 30 ~ 40 cm and 2 ~ 3 layers. 1 ~ 2 layer has 3 ~ 4 main branches, and 2 ~ 3 layer has 2 main branches. The main branches of each layer are staggered, and the upper layers do not overlap. This can reduce the height of the central trunk and keep the 1 ~ 2 layer. 2) Two layers of cup-shaped stems, 30cm high, the first layer has three main branches, which grow obliquely in different directions from the adjacent parts of the terminal buds of the main stems. In the second and third years, all other branches become thinner, and in the third year, three main branches are left on the second floor, which should be staggered from the three main branches on the first floor. Then, for fun, you can cut off the middle trunk and leave only one main branch for short crown cultivation. (3) Change the trunk shape, the trunk height is 20 ~ 30cm, and select 1 main branch in each layer in turn every year, and the upper and lower branches do not overlap, generally 3 ~ 4 main branches and one oblique top branch can be left; Retract the upper main branch back to the central trunk. Specific plastic surgery, three main branches are left on the first floor and the second floor, and 1 main branch is left on the third floor. Finally, except for 65,438+0 main branches, other floors are deleted every year. Because loquat bark is tender and has high water content, it is easy to crack in the hot sun in summer and suffer from grain feather disease, so it is necessary to thin branches in different years.

2. Pruning: It is better to prune loquat when the flower buds are differentiated and the buds are not fully grown, in the first half of September in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, and in July and August in Taiwan Province, Fujian province. Loquat branches are prone to cancer. When pruning large branches, sharp scissors should be used, and two-force method should be used, that is, the first knife should be cut first, the second knife should be cut flat, and the cut mouth should be coated with stone-sulfur mixture slag and salt water to prevent the invasion of germs. If there are thick branches on the main side branches, it is advisable to leave 1 ~ 2 side branches at or near the base and cut them off. In addition to the top branches, dense branches should be sparse, leaving only 1 ~ 2 strong branches. The overgrown branches on the main branches disturb the shape of the tree and should be cut off from the bottom. If there is space, they can be shortened to 1/2 ~ 1/3, so that they can bear fruit. When two branches cross, the weaker branch should be cut off. If there are more than two perennial branches in the order, they should be sparse and strong. For perennial declining branches with a length of more than 1 m, pruning should be carried out to keep piles and promote strong branches. For the clustered branches sprouting near the incision, the weakness is removed and the strength is retained. For the descending branches, they can also be retracted at the new tip, and the incision is easy to heal. During fruit development, there are 1 ~ 2 new shoots at the base of ear, which should be removed at any time to avoid affecting fruit development. After picking the fruit, cut off the branches with weak fruit or leave them at a distance of 2 ~ 3 cm from the base, and leave a few leaves at the base of the strong ones, about 10 cm short, to promote the axillary buds to grow new shoots. Then, in July, summer buds and summer shoots extracted from fruiting branches are selected to be kept, the weak ones are removed, the strong ones are kept, the dense ones are removed, and the sparse ones are kept. The fruit branches of loquat often extend forward alternately with the central branches and lateral branches, which are long and empty, and should be updated in time, and the branch age should not exceed 4 ~ 5 years. In the selection and preservation of fruit branches, spring shoots and fruit-trace branches should be mainly selected in areas without freezing damage, and all kinds of fruit branches should be selected in areas with freezing damage. The overall pruning amount is less than 20% of the branch crown leaf amount.