1, buds appear before flowering
Potted roses should not have too many buds. First, leave 2-3 buds on each branch. When the new shoots grow to 3-4 cm, the general branches choose 1 flower bud, and the stout branches leave 65,438+0-2 more flower buds, which can concentrate nutrition and make the bloom of this crop big and bright. Only 4~6 flower buds can be left in the whole pot of rose, and they should be evenly distributed, and all other new buds should be smoothed.
2. Prune after flowering
After each crop of flowers, the flower branches should be cut from 3-5 leaves at the base in time, and the cut part should be about 1 cm above the leaf buds extending outward. At the same time, cut off diseased branches, dead branches, lateral branches and internal branches to concentrate nutrition and promote healthy new branches. In this way, the potted roses will be compact and the flowers will be concentrated.
3. Reconstruction during hibernation
At the end of 65438+February, from winter to around, the temperature drops, and the rose will enter the body sleep period, so it should be pruned again.
Choose the stout flower branches that grow in spring and summer, leave 2-3 buds upward from the base, and cut off the rest. For weak branches, old orange branches, cross branches and rhizome sprouting branches, try to cut them off. When pruning, if we can take good care of the weak branches and the strong branches and weak branches, then the height will be the same and the flowers will be more tidy after germination next spring: after heavy pruning, the roses will be ready for winter.
After germination in the second spring, attention should be paid to the work of stripping buds and pruning secondary buds and inner buds to promote the robust development of the first bud. At the same time, whether to keep buds can be decided according to the robustness of branches. When pruning, we should also pay attention to the reasonable layout of branches to promote the growth of Chinese rose.
Prune after flowering in the growing season.
In addition to pruning in winter and thinning buds in early spring, pruning after flowering in the growing season is very important for more, better and sustainable flowering of Chinese roses.
1, pruning after the first batch of flowers.
When the first batch of flowers will wither in May, they should be pruned properly in time.
The first flowers of Chinese rose are relatively consistent, usually from the end of April to the middle of May. Pay attention to keeping the plant shape symmetrical after pruning, which can help the second batch of flowers keep tidy in June.
At this time, the principle of pruning is: first cut the weak branches, cut the high branches, then cut the strong branches and cut the short branches. That is, for thinner branches, only the first compound leaf with 5 leaflets under the flower is cut off, and a strong bud is left behind. For very vigorous branches, you can cut off 1/3 to 1/2, but not more than 1/2, otherwise the lower axillary buds will be late, resulting in uneven bloom of the second batch, and two strong buds will be left in the future.
Save water after pruning, release topdressing and water after the new buds show their leaves, and promote the orderly opening of the second batch of flowers.
2. Pruning after the second batch of flowers
After the second batch of flowers, most varieties of Chinese rose flowers are in a semi-dormant state, and the new branches extracted one after another are complex and weak, and the flowering quality is poor. During this period, it is not advisable to cut hard, but only remove the endogenous overlapping branches and buds to maintain the ventilated and light-transmitting plant shape. If necessary, buds can be picked and strong branches can be maintained to prepare for flowering in June+10/October, 5438.
65438+ 10 is the second flowering period of Chinese rose. According to the flowering speed and growth intensity of different varieties, pruning began after the beginning of August, and the branches of the second batch of flowers were cut from the lower part of them at about 1/3.
Because the short branches of Chinese rose bloom quickly, the pruning of short branches and flourishing branches can be delayed by one week. Long branches grow slowly and can be pruned together with weak varieties 10 day. If the temperature and light are suitable in autumn, a vigorous flowering climax can be formed in June 5438+ 10.
Note that when pruning roses during the growth period, the cutting distance should be 1.0 cm to 1. 5 cm, so as not to affect the normal branching, bud pregnancy and flowering of reserved buds due to water loss at the cut.
Pruning skill
Think you're a novice, and you really can't take off the scissors when pruning? Don't be afraid! Rose is very tolerant. Whether you cut it high or low, it doesn't make much difference in the long run whether you leave the buds inward or outward. If it doesn't grow in the style or direction you want after pruning, just cut it off and correct it. Once you realize that not many people will make mistakes, you will find the whole pruning work easy.
But pay attention to when pruning:
1. Don't prune old roses (one-time flowering varieties) prematurely. Old roses bloom on the branches that grow in spring. If you prune at this time, you will cut off the spring flowers.
2. Don't prune new roses. Newly planted roses need to establish a solid root system, during which they cannot be pruned (except dead branches).
3. The roses planted in that year should be cut lightly. Although they have been growing for a season, they may not grow many branches, so they should be lightly cut for better growth in the future.
4. For plants with weak growth, strong pruning can generally cut off 2/3 of the whole plant and keep 2-4 main branches. This method is often used for potted roses with large flowers.
5. For those with normal growth and tree symmetry, they can be pruned, and about 1/2 can be cut off. This method is suitable for varieties that are easy to entangle and bloom frequently.
6. Weakly cut strong plants, about 1/3. For example, roses are suitable for pruning in this way.
General skills of Chinese rose pruning
1, buy a good pair of scissors, and keep the lubricating oil well, and adjust it accurately. Do not use anvil scissors, because it will damage the bark, and machetes are definitely not allowed. Use a small pruning saw where big branches or scissors can't reach.
2. Wear durable gloves. They need to be strong and flexible and can be used to cover the forearm. Wear hard clothes, such as jeans and long-sleeved tops.
3. After pruning (winter pruning), remove the remaining leaves on the branches, and the remaining old leaves often get sick in winter. After completion, spray the medicine once to put the roses into a dormant state, which will reduce pests and diseases in the next spring.
Be careful with your hands when pruning. If you don't touch the rose, the rose won't stab you! Experienced people rarely get badly scratched when pruning. It's a good idea to check whether you have been vaccinated against tetanus in the past ten years.
5. Cut from the bottom of the branch, but look at the top when cutting. Don't let you decide what to cut to make you nervous or slow down.
6. The branches of the rose will tilt in the direction indicated by the top bud point. Cut the branches with vertical growth points into outward growing buds, and cut the outward expanding branches into inward growing buds. Cut it 6 mm (1/4 inches) above the bud point. If the incision is too close, it will damage the bud point. If it is too far away, it is not only ugly, but also easy to cause branch ulcers.
7. Cut off healthy branches. The discoloration of branch pulp (branch lumen) may be frostbite or diseased branches, although such branches can also bloom and usually die in summer. At best, it can only be a framework for future growth.
8. Cut off half or one third of the whole plant, leaving healthy branches and leaving the plant center open.
9. You can easily cut off big branches with sharp scissors.
10. Don't worry if there is liquid flowing from the branches. There is no evidence that it is harmful to roses, and there is no need to seal it.
An example of pruning
The following individual pruning mostly refers to winter pruning (with special exceptions):
1, pruning of hybrid tea, large flowers or English roses
The amount of trimming depends on whether you want to get an exhibition effect. If you want an exhibition effect. The more obvious the pruning, the fewer the flowers will be and the bigger the flowers will be; If it is used for garden planting, you can leave a few more branches (4-6 branches, each 90 cm high) and cut them into internal branches to promote good air circulation.
2. Pruning of flowering plants
Roses with rich flowers grow sturdily and are easy to cultivate. It blooms continuously from spring to autumn. Usually there are 3-4 flowers on a branch, which are upright and sometimes open horizontally.
These pruning methods are similar to hybrid tea-scented roses and large-flowered roses. However, because these plants are usually smaller, most of them are pruned back to their original positions, and they often have side branches leading to the middle, which need to be pruned to promote air circulation.
Step 3 prune shrubs
Generally, this kind of rose doesn't need to be pruned greatly. It needs to be trimmed gently to keep the shape of the plant and cut off dead branches. If it grows very big, it needs to cut off the center of the plant.
4. Trimming of miniature models
The varieties and colors of miniature roses are very rich, each with its own characteristics. Its plants are short and can bloom almost all year round. Transplanting and cultivation are relatively simple, and it is an easy-to-plant variety.
If it is ornamental, you can refer to the pruning method of a slightly smaller hybrid tea-scented rose. If it is to control its remarkable growth, cut off the dead branches and weak branches and plant the center. If miniature roses are planted to adjust the color of the garden, the internal growth can be controlled by pruning.
5. Trim the vines.
The branches of vines are semi-flat, which can be drawn into various shapes such as arched doors and fences, adding a three-dimensional sense to the garden modeling. Most of this type of roses bloom in one season, but some flowers bloom in four seasons.
For vines that bloom repeatedly, they should be pruned when the plants are dormant, and the dead branches and weak branches should be pruned from the perspective of controlling the appearance scale. Prune only the side branches on the main stem, leaving 3-5 buds on each side branch. Keep the branches as horizontal as possible to promote the maximum opening of roses.
6. Prune old garden roses and varieties of roses.
(Alba, Bourbon, Centifulias, Galikas, etc. )
For rose varieties that bloom once, it is not suitable to prune at this time (winter), but should be pruned immediately after flowering. If you don't know how to trim them, the best way is to do nothing. Old garden roses don't need or like heavy pruning like modern roses. Prune immediately after flowering, and cut off old branches, dead branches and weak branches. Generally speaking, one third of the old branches (the oldest branches) should be cut off every season to stimulate the growth of new branches.
7. rambler's pruning
Pruning after flowering in spring is convenient for modeling and controlling growth scale. Dead branches and weak branches can be cut off, and growth can be controlled and adjusted by pruning if necessary. Keep the branches level, which can stimulate the growth of new branches. Fixing branches on walls, pavilions or fences, bending branches to stimulate the growth of side branches and let flowers bloom along branches can greatly increase the number of flowers.