The disease is complicated, and it has been confirmed that the following factors are related to the formation of hip dysplasia: genetic susceptibility (polygene). Environmental and food factors. Muscle groups and skeletal system are unevenly developed. Joint soft tissue can not maintain the consistency of hip joint surface, which leads to the changes of bone in joint. Hip dysplasia is a dynamic process, which is usually called congenital, bilateral, degenerative arthropathy or hip joint relaxation. Any view of this disease is only a point in the development of its symptoms. The disease can be divided into acetabular dysplasia and femoral dysplasia. Acetabular hip dysplasia Most hip dysplasia is acetabular hip dysplasia. This dysplasia of hip joint is characterized by excessive inclination of acetabular dorsal margin and the changes caused by it. Because the femoral head can't move well in the developing acetabulum, the dorsal edge of acetabulum is damaged. In addition, the formation of osteophyte and the damage of joint capsule lead to joint instability and pain. Femoral dysplasia of hip joint In this form of dysplasia, the femoral neck is shortened, which leads to the reduction of the coverage of acetabular edge and the destruction of the consistency of articular surface. In some cases, the femur may rotate. The lack of acetabular support leads to osteophyte formation, joint capsule destruction and joint instability. Clinical symptoms vary with the age of the sick animal. Puppies aged 5-8 months and elderly animals with chronic diseases are more likely to suffer from this disease. It is often seen that animals have difficulty standing and stiff limbs, but these symptoms will be alleviated as animals continue to warm up during exercise. Touching the back of the pelvis or above the hip joint will cause pain. Older animals can see limping (swaying gait) and atrophy of thigh muscles. Young animals with serious diseases may show reluctance to stand or exercise. The diagnosis must be confirmed by radiological examination. In the book Fundamentals of Animal Plastic Surgery, the Animal Plastic Surgery Foundation (OFA) classifies hip dysplasia into seven grades: excellent-nearly perfect structure; In terms of age and variety, good-normal development; Good-the development is not ideal, but it is within the normal range; Close to normal-development close to substandard; Mild dysplasia-little change, only the femoral head is slightly flat; Moderate dysplasia-shallow acetabulum, flat femoral head and poor joint consistency; Severe dysplasia-flat acetabulum and femoral head, complete dislocation of hip joint. In order to prove the classification of OFA, dogs over 2 years old should be examined for radioactivity. Any dog with clinical symptoms should be checked for radioactivity after sedation or anesthesia. Treatment 1, conservative treatment, moderate exercise. Control your weight. Use anti-inflammatory drugs, such as the following drugs: Limado (anti-inflammatory drug): 2.2 mg/kg, twice a day; Aspirin 25 mg/kg twice a day; Prednisone: from 0.5mg/kg per day, it is reduced to the dosage to maintain animal comfort. Nutrients, such as drugs containing glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate, can promote cartilage growth. 2. Surgical treatment of femoral head resection (FHO). Excision of femoral head can reduce the pain caused by mechanical friction between femoral head and acetabulum. After the femoral head is removed, the surrounding soft tissue will form a "false joint" here. Strong exercise is needed after operation to enhance muscle strength and restore limb function. You should do enough swimming, walking or running to exercise your muscle strength. With the gradual recovery of physical strength, the exercise time can be gradually extended from 5- 10 min three times a day to 4 times a day 10 min. In the process of rehabilitation, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can be used for treatment. The surgical limb may be slightly shorter than the lateral limb and occasionally limp, especially in larger dogs. This treatment is not recommended for sports dogs that need to completely restore normal joint function. It may take a year for the affected limb to recover its ideal function. Total hip replacement. This is the most effective way to restore joint function and make joints painless. The surgical procedure is to replace the femoral head, femoral neck and acetabulum. Co-Cr alloy artificial femoral shaft and femoral head were implanted into femoral shaft, and artificial femoral head was implanted into artificial acetabulum. This surgical method has the following advantages: in about 95% of the time, dogs can obtain almost normal hind limb function. The joint of the affected limb can move normally without pain. The affected limb can quickly recover its function. Pelvic osteotomy: Pelvic osteotomy can shift the dorsal edge of acetabulum and cover the femoral head more. Although the surgical technique is difficult, the function of the affected limb recovered well after treatment and the incidence of osteoarthritis was the lowest. Pet owners should pay attention to the radiological examination of the hip joint after the dog is 2 years old. Symptoms of hip dysplasia may appear in the early life of dogs. This disease is a progressive disease, and joint degeneration has always existed in animals' lives. Losing weight and moderate exercise can alleviate the pain of animals. Puppies born to parents without hip dysplasia will also be stunted. Cats or small dogs generally don't have this disease.