1685, Newton was 43 years old and was at the peak of scientific creativity. At the urging of some members of the Royal Society, especially Harley, Newton began to write a scientific masterpiece Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy (hereinafter referred to as Principles), which is still regarded as "the great crystallization of personal wisdom".
Twenty years ago, Newton's amazing creative period in his hometown was *** 18 months. It took him only the same time-18 months to write his inventions and discoveries for many years into his masterpiece Principles. This is a coincidence. In the process of writing, Newton wanted to write all the achievements of his scientific exploration in the past 20 years. The huge workload made him throw himself into sleepless nights, immersed in calculations, arguments, theorems, equations, charts, mathematics and symbols all day.
Many details of Newton's personal life when he was writing Principles were recorded by his secretary Humphrey. The manuscript of the Principles was collated and copied by Humphrey and handed over to the publisher. The young secretary later recalled that he had never seen Newton smile when he wrote Principles. But he thought Newton was "a very gentle, quiet and humble man who never lost his temper." In Humphrey's diary, he also wrote: "He is always in deep thought. He spends all his time at work and seldom exercises or plays. He often rests at two or three in the middle of the night, and sometimes even works until dawn ... "
Humphrey also recalled: "He was careless in eating and often forgot to eat, so that when I brought him food, I often found that he had not finished the food he had sent before at the dinner table. When I remind him that he forgot to eat, he often asks in surprise,' Have I really never eaten?' Then he walked slowly to the table and casually ate something absently. "
Newton's secretary has never seen Newton drink wine or beer without restraint. Except for holidays, he seldom eats in restaurants; When his close friends get together with him, he never has time to get a haircut: his hair is not combed properly, his tie is not straight, and he is wearing high heels.
From these memories, we can see the image of a man who devoted himself to science: he was absorbed in his work, immersed in scientific research all day, and completely ignorant of everything around him.
When writing the principle, Newton divided the book into three parts according to the logical arrangement. The first part is the expansion of the theory of physical motion, which was completed soon. 1685 ends, and the second part is also completed; 1April 686, the third book was completed, which marked that the scientific masterpiece "Principles" finally appeared in front of the world. After Harley's proposal, the Royal Society decided to copy this important work immediately. However, when I learned to check the saved funds, I found that the remaining funds were not enough to pay for the publication of the Principles-it took a lot of money to publish a book at that time.
A month has passed and the Royal Society has not received enough funds. Harley didn't want Newton's masterpiece to come out, so he proposed to the society that he was willing to pay for it on behalf of the society. Thanks to Harley's efforts, Newton's book was published soon. This incident fully shows Harley's noble personality; He is not rich himself, besides, he has a family burden. In order to add a huge fortune to the treasure house of human science, Harley has paid almost everything. His support and friendship for Newton based on the same cause is very noble, and its value cannot be measured by money. With Harley's full support, The Principle was finally published in 1687.
Newton's book is by no means a simple summary of previous knowledge, but a scientific masterpiece reflecting Newton's own achievements. It is a very original work in the history of science and occupies an important position. Newton not only summed up the basic laws of mechanics, but also invented mathematical methods to prove these laws. Some laws of motion described in the book have never been explained so thoroughly by him before. The book "Principles" gives an excellent answer to questions that the smartest people have been unable to answer for centuries. The whole content of this outstanding book is solemn, concise and magnificent, which makes this book and its author isaac newton reach the pinnacle of scientific achievements.
After Newton, great achievements in the field of natural science emerged one after another, but many of them were directly related to this extraordinary work. For example, before Neptune was discovered in 1846, its orbit was calculated according to the law of universal gravitation, and then it was discovered in the actual measurement. Modern calculation of the orbit of man-made satellites is of course inseparable from Newton's great achievements.
The story of Newton's love of reading 30
Reading is beautiful, happy and interesting. Whenever I recall my school days, I can't help feeling happy. Reading makes me happy, so I love reading. Speaking of reading, I can't help thinking of my stealing experience.
I remember one time, I borrowed a copy of "100,000 Why" from my friend and promised to return it to her tomorrow morning. Knowing that my father would never let me read extracurricular books, I pretended to sleep after finishing my homework that night. I turned off the light, closed my eyes and pretended to be asleep. Dad thought I was asleep, so he closed the door for me and watched TV by himself.
With my father, I quickly got up, took out my book, got into bed, turned on my flashlight and watched quietly. I read it with relish, as if I were in the world of books. I came to Confucius' school, listened to his reasoning, and came ... After a long time, alas, my back was sore and backache was too hard, but I was afraid that my father would know, so I had to continue lying down ... Finally, when my father fell asleep, I crept to the toilet. When I go to the toilet, I immediately sit on the toilet and turn on the light, just like a hungry wolf pouncing on the lamb when he sees the shepherd leave. I enjoy the pleasure of books alone and indulge in the ocean of books.
Books are like a galloping horse, taking me galloping on the grassland of knowledge; Books, like a whale, take me swimming in the ocean of knowledge. From it, I learned a lot of scientific knowledge that textbooks can't. Understand the development of human civilization and some common sense of life. I am happy to play with books. Books make me forget all my troubles and let me absorb knowledge while playing.
This book is my personal companion; It is my happy candy; Books are my unswerving friends, and I love reading, because books benefit me a lot and make me happy.
Reflections on Newton's Three Brilliant Achievements
Newton is a world-famous great scientist. He is very clever, especially energetic, and has made many achievements in physics, but he is a complete "careless" in small things.
This book tells many important inventions and discoveries of Newton. His inventions and discoveries have brought great wealth to mankind and created useful value for mankind.
The article also describes some things that Newton was absorbed in and forgot to eat and sleep. Once, Newton invited his friend Dr. Stark to dinner. When the friend arrived, the old woman had put the food on the table. At this time, Newton suddenly remembered something, left the table and hurried into the laboratory, leaving only one sentence: "friend, please wait a moment."
Because we are friends, you're welcome. Dr Stuart began to eat by himself, and the old lady went on a business trip. After the doctor finished eating, he planned to play a joke on Newton, put the chicken bones he had eaten on the plate and dozed off on the sofa.
Newton felt hungry, so he excitedly ran to the restaurant and saw the chicken bones on the plate. He thought he had already eaten.
Newton devoted all his achievements to the cause of science and created a brilliant future for mankind. It is with his meticulous spirit and endless strength that he has achieved such good results. After reading this book, I am deeply touched. In my future study, I will learn from Newton, who is my role model!
Four Newton's reading experience is about 80 words.
In the summer vacation, I read a book called Newton, and I learned that Newton was a great scientist.
He loves science and studies hard. Interestingly, Newton paid too much attention to the experiment and mistakenly put his pocket watch into the pot as an egg. His scientific discoveries have made great contributions to mankind. After reading this book, I also know that we must use our brains when we are young, and only when we grow up can we achieve something and make contributions to society.
Write reading notes about five Newton stories.
one
Once, Newton was so absorbed in doing experiments in the laboratory that he forgot the time for eating. His assistant took some eggs and sent them to the laboratory. He said to Newton, "Here are some eggs. Do it yourself. " Newton said, "OK, thank you. Please put the eggs there. " After that, he immersed himself in the experiment.
After a long time, Newton was hungry and remembered that he hadn't had lunch yet. So, he took a small pot, put the eggs in the pot, put them on the stove, and began to do experiments again.
Half an hour later, Newton finished the experiment. At this moment, he remembered the eggs in the pot. He opened the lid and found there were no eggs in it, only a pocket watch.
Newton was surprised and looked up. The eggs are still on the table, but the pocket watch on the table is missing. It turned out that Newton was absorbed in the experiment and cooked the pocket watch as an egg.
It was a warm evening in the late summer of 1666. In urs Thorpe, Lincolnshire, England, a young man walked into his mother's garden with a book under his arm, sat under a tree and began to bury himself in reading. When he turned the page, something was shaking in the branch above his head. One of the most famous apples in history fell and hit 23-year-old isaac newton on the head.
It happened that Newton was thinking hard about a question that day: What forces make the moon orbit around the earth and the planets orbit around the sun? Why did the apple that hit his head fall to the ground? It was from thinking about this question that he found the answers to these questions-the theory of universal gravitation.
Because Newton's book Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy is a rigorous and perfect system, it does not tell the story of apple landing, which leads many people to have reservations about apple landing.
In fact, Newton's relatives and friends have confirmed the story of the apple landing many times. Voltaire, a French writer and scientist, once recalled that one year before Newton's death, that is, 1726, when he went to England, he heard Newton's half-sister say that one day, Newton was lying under an apple tree and suddenly saw an apple fall to the ground, which caused him to think. Newton had a brainwave, and an idea suddenly came into his mind: Will the apple fall to the ground and the planets orbit the sun be governed by the same universal law? I realized the law of gravity.
Stokely, Newton's close friend in his later years, also explicitly mentioned that one day in April, 1726, he and Newton went to Newton's backyard to have tea under the apple tree after lunch. During the conversation, "he told me that the idea of paying attention to gravity came to his mind in the same situation in the past, which happened by accident under an apple tree, when he was meditating."
three
However, Newton was not completely insulated from love. He even fell in love twice in his life. When Newton was studying at Cambridge University at the age of 23, the school was closed because of the plague in Cambridge. Newton went back to the country and stayed at his uncle's house. There, he fell in love with his beautiful, intelligent, diligent and considerate cousin for the first time. My cousin also likes this knowledgeable college student. They often walk together. Newton likes to make long speeches extemporaneously, and most of his speeches are issues he is studying and studying. Although my cousin didn't understand, she listened patiently and seemed to find it very interesting. Newton thought to himself, "If such a lovely woman finds what I said so interesting, I must be very good." Of course, she must have a good brain. She is an extraordinary woman. If only I could get her help, solve many of my problems and work with me! "
But Newton was shy and didn't express his love to his cousin in time. When he returned to Cambridge University, he gathered again and was immersed in scientific research. He has long forgotten that there is a beautiful girl waiting for him in a distant country. He has always paid no attention to personal life, but her cousin mistakenly thought Newton was cold to her, so she chose one husband and married another. Newton's obsession with scientific research delayed a great opportunity to fall in love.
Newton was very busy. He dreamed of the universe and the world. He often walks into the university dining room without tie, shoelaces and trousers. Nevertheless, Newton was a young man with a romantic heart. Once, "the impatience of youth" prompted him to propose to a young girl. He held her hand gently and looked at the beautiful woman affectionately. At this critical moment, his thoughts suddenly slipped to another world. There is only one infinite binomial theorem left in his mind. Like a dream, he subconsciously grabbed a finger of his lover, regarded it as a pipe and forced it into it. Before he woke up, the girl let out a cry of pain. Facing the surprised girl, he quickly apologized softly like a sheep: "Oh, dear, forgive me! I know, I can't. It seems that I will be a bachelor all my life! "
The girl forgave Newton, but she couldn't understand him. Love failed again. Many new problems in science are constantly emerging in Newton's mind, and all his enthusiasm is concentrated on scientific career. Since then, that kind of "youthful enthusiasm" has never seen a "colorful melody"
After reading six Newton's stories, I felt the last paragraph of nature in my mouth.
[Reflection on Newton's Story] Once a week, Newton went to church with his good friend Shelley, and Newton's story was reflected. Once, the sand in the hourglass clock caked and time did not allow. They were almost late for church. Shelley is going to change the hourglass clock, but it is a rare thing. Shelley said to Newton, "Can you make a new hourglass clock?" Newton agreed. Newton found that the water leakage of the hourglass clock was the reason for the inaccurate time. He remembered that there was information about the leaking clock in the book. He is going to make a leaky clock, because it can avoid the shortcomings of hourglass clock, such as water leakage and humidity, which lead to sand caking. Newton first made two sinks, and there was a small hole at the joint of the two sinks with a time scale. One night, he stood by the leaking clock. However, when the church bell rang, the buoy in the leaking clock stayed at about 5: 30, which was half an hour slow. Newton was not discouraged. He dug the small hole even bigger. The next night, he had to keep the buoy and do another experiment. When the buoy reached the number 6, the church bell just rang, which also declared Newton's victory in developing the leaky clock. From Newton, we see a scientific spirit of hard study, which is spirit and perseverance. Only then did he successfully invent the leaky clock, that is, reading Newton's stories. I must be a good student who is good at studying, thinking and studying hard. Dad's postscript: Xiaoyu has read the book Newton's Story for five or six times, and she can't put it down. She wrote about reading, but she didn't write that Newton discovered the law of gravity, nor did she write that Newton took his pocket watch as an egg. In one episode, when Xiaoyu wrote "Newton went to church with his good friends", I said that Newton's good friends Shelley and Isaac should not use the word "harmony" but only use a pause to separate them. It is best not to have two "and" in one sentence. Xiaoyu said with a smile, Newton is Isaac, and he doesn't need a second "and" a bachelor won't get married if he never wants children; A businessman won't go to work if he doesn't want to make a profit from it.
7. Read Newton and the Enlightenment for 400~500.
Thoughts on reading Newton's story
Xing Ai Xue, Class 6, Grade 3, Lijin No.2 Experimental School.
I finished reading the article Newton's Story today. Moved by Newton's selfless spirit of contributing to science.
Newton is a British scientist, but he has a bad memory and often does stupid things. Once, the servant asked him to cook eggs, but he concentrated on the experiment and cooked a pocket watch next to the eggs. On another occasion, he invited his friends to visit his home, and he was so busy with his research that he forgot to invite friends to dinner.
Newton's practice in life is different from mine. When I write my homework, I think about how to play after I finish it, but I don't think about how to do it well. When my mother asked me to have dinner, I found it interesting to do my homework. But when playing, I always worry about not finishing my homework. Therefore, I can't study hard and have fun.
Newton concentrated all his energy on scientific research and made many contributions to science. My feeling: as long as you do things seriously and practically, you will be able to do things quickly and well.
Eight comments on Newton 1500 words
Newton's Reading Thought
He is the light of mankind. Although he had a lonely childhood and a lonely life, it did not stop his tireless pursuit of truth and his outstanding achievements in the history of science. He is the great scientist-Newton. During the holiday, I carefully read the book Newton. I was moved by his hard-working attitude and infected by his persistent spirit of seeking knowledge.
Newton was born in a peasant family in England. When I was a child, I was silent and my academic performance was average. But he loved reading books and making handicrafts since he was a child. Once Newton took his little windmill to school to show it to his classmates. Two classmates satirized him, and Newton knocked them to the ground. As a result, Newton was severely punished by the teacher and was ordered to drop out of school. His mother also blamed him for failing to live up to expectations. This incident was a great blow to Newton. He studied hard and won a breath for himself. Soon, his grades began to soar, and teachers and classmates had to sit up and take notice of him.
Newton was very interested in various phenomena in nature. He observes attentively, is good at discovering, is diligent in thinking, and digs deep connotations in seemingly ordinary problems. According to the phenomenon of sun movement and tree shadow movement, a sundial instrument was made. The theorem of inertia is found in the game of pushing the car; Thinking under the apple tree reveals the law of gravity; Accurately measure the movement period of Halley's comet; Understand the theory of light and color, and successfully develop a reflective telescope. He also created calculus in mathematics and made great contributions to mankind in the fields of mechanics, optics and mathematics.
Newton was able to surpass everyone and stand on the top of science, which was inseparable from his excellent quality. He is rigorous in his studies, loves reading, and likes to meditate. For the science he is obsessed with, he often works hard until the early hours of the morning, sometimes even staying up all night; In order to study, he always forgets to eat, and often only eats one meal a day. Isn't this spirit of hard work, exploration and innovation worth learning?
But this great man was never satisfied with his achievements. He said, "I don't know what the world thinks of me, but to me, I am just a boy playing by the sea, rejoicing from time to time in order to find a few smooth stones and beautiful shells. The vast sea of truth has not been discovered before me." "Yes, he taught people how to think. Later, people followed his footsteps and found smooth stones and beautiful shells in the vast ocean. Electromagnetism, optics, heat ... Mankind has made continuous progress in Newton's scientific thought, creating one miracle after another!
Reading Newton gave me a more comprehensive understanding of this great scientist. His persistence and tenacious struggle have become the driving force for my continuous progress, inspiring me to keep growing and making progress. I must learn from Newton, do everything wholeheartedly, pay attention to observation, experience with heart, solve problems with wisdom, reap fruitful results on the road of knowledge, and move towards a brilliant future with confidence.
Why did Nine Newton become a scientist? Write a review.
1, Newton's diligent study
The British hierarchy in feudal society was very serious. Students who study well in primary and secondary schools may discriminate against those who don't. There was a game between classes. When everyone was in high spirits, a good student kicked Newton and called him an idiot. Newton's mind was angry at this * * *. He thought, we are all students. Why should I be bullied by him? I must pass him! From then on, Newton made up his mind to study hard. He gets up early and goes to bed late. Every minute counts. He studies hard and thinks hard. After studying hard, Newton's academic performance improved continuously, and he soon surpassed the classmate who bullied him and was among the best in his class.
2. Newton has the scientific spirit of being good at observation, diligent in thinking, active in exploration and brave in innovation.
One day, there was a big storm. The wind is howling, the dust is flying, and the mystery is long, which makes people open their eyes. Newton thought it was a good opportunity to study and calculate the wind accurately. So, he took the appliance and ran back and forth in the storm. He stumbled and measured with difficulty. Several times the dust fascinated his eyes, several times the wind blew away the paper, and several times the wind forced him to suspend his work, but none of them shook his thirst for knowledge. He finally got the correct data over and over again. He was so happy that he hurried home to continue his research.
Where there is a will, there is a way. After diligent study, Newton laid a solid foundation for his tower of science. Soon, Newton's math tower was built. He invented differential calculus at the age of 22 and integral calculus at the age of 23, which made great contributions to the cause of human science.
Newton was a very modest man and never conceited. Someone once asked Newton, "What is the secret of your success?" Newton replied, "If I have a little success, there is no other secret but diligence."
10 Newton's story, 50 words, with feelings.
One day, when Newton was sitting under an apple tree and thinking, he was suddenly hit by a falling apple. He spoke out his misfortune loudly and began to study: Why is the apple red? Originally, you are introverted, like to investigate and study, like to get to the bottom of the matter, like abstract questions, seek answers, have the ability of mathematical science, and will observe and analyze the situation before taking action. ..