1. Tools and drugs needed
Tools and medicines for making specimens mainly include scalpels, tweezers, scissors, brushes, needles, suture nylon thread, absorbent cotton, gypsum powder, lead wires of various sizes, fillers (cotton, brown, rags or paper strips, etc. ), preservatives (arsenic, soap, etc. Mix into paste, add a small amount of potassium nitrate), safety blade, etc.
2. Production process
1) Stripping: According to different kinds of birds and their production purposes, there are three stripping methods: chest stripping, belly stripping and back stripping. Generally speaking, it is appropriate to open the chest and abdomen for birds. The specific peeling method is: cut open the chest and abdomen with a safety blade (large birds can use scalpels). Before opening the chest, use a brush with water to expose the skin on both sides, and cut the skin along the keel to the center of the chest. Then cut the connective tissue between the skin and the meat with a knife. Big birds can hold the skin outward with their fingers to separate the skin from the meat. At this time, he can apply some talcum powder (gypsum powder) to avoid adhesion. When the neck and shoulders are exposed, use scissors to cut the muscles at the root of the wings to expose the joints, and then cut the joints. In the process of peeling, if there is bleeding or the body is punctured, immediately plug it with cotton and sprinkle gypsum powder. When peeling to the joint of femur and tibia, use scissors to cut the muscles and joints and separate the meat from the back. Be especially careful when peeling your tail. Don't pull hard, and don't damage the tail and cloaca hole, so as not to cause feathers (tail feathers) to fall off and fat to seep out. At this time, only the neck has not been peeled, so you can pull it out with one hand and turn it over with the other. When the head is peeled off from the skull, it is cut off from the foramen magnum with scissors and temporarily blocked with cotton wool to completely peel off the muscles.
(2) Removal: Remove the adhered muscles on the tibia and wings, and then restore the skin to its original position after removing the muscles.
(3) Tendon picking: cut the claw bottom with a knife, pick out and cut the tendon with a pricker.
(4) clean the head; After the head is exposed to the ear canal and eyeball, pull out the eyeball with tweezers, cut the ear canal with a knife, enlarge the hole on the occipital bone with scissors, and take out the intracranial brain. When removing the brain, dip it out with a cotton ball and dip it clean.
(5) Scaffolding: Make a scaffold with two iron wires. If the specimen wants to spread its wings, it needs four wires to make a scaffold, including six wires in the head, 1 in the head, 1 in the tail, two wings and two legs. Two winged iron wires spread out from the wing root.
(6) Filling: Generally, small birds are filled with cotton wool, and if they are big birds, they can be filled with brown silk or sawdust. Before filling, apply antiseptic from the inside of the bird's head down, then fill it with cotton wool, and the back of the filling is flat. When filling, an artificial eye can be installed, and the bottom of the artificial eye is painted with the same color as the living fundus, which is more realistic. Prosthetic eyes can also be installed after the head is restored.
(7) Suture: After all parts are filled with cotton, the skin will be established from the neck and chest from top to bottom, and care should be taken not to damage the feathers when sewing.
(8) Plastic surgery: Plastic surgery is a very critical step. Plastic surgery should be based on physical objects. The positions of ears, eyes and face should be adjusted, and the feathers should be neat; Smooth.
9) Treatment: Specimens should be placed on a wooden frame, which can be prepared in advance, and walnut and walnut are better. The root carving with varnish is more beautiful and generous, which can increase the aesthetic feeling. Then tidy up the wires, fix the birds, and cut off the extra threads.
(10) storage: finally, dry in the shade, reshape once every two days (or 1 day), then put it in a cupboard, smoke it with mothballs, and then spray disinfectant for disinfection to eliminate insects and mites among feathers, which can be stored for a long time.