There are serious environmental problems in the treatment of nuclear waste water in Japan, which leads to the fact that radioactive substances in nuclear waste water cannot be completely degraded during the treatment. In addition, in the process of treating nuclear waste water, heavy metals and radioactive substances in the waste water will gradually increase with the passage of time, causing great pollution and destruction to the environment. Japan's nuclear wastewater discharge technology is relatively backward, and it has not been able to treat radioactive materials and nuclear wastewater well.
In Japan, the traditional chemical treatment method is used to treat radioactive materials, but this method is inefficient and the treatment effect is not ideal. Due to the poor management of nuclear wastewater by the Japanese government, there are some problems in the process of treating nuclear wastewater, such as weak supervision and lax supervision, which leads to the inability to effectively treat nuclear wastewater.
Introduction of nuclear wastewater treatment technology
1. Chemical precipitation is a method to reduce the content of radioactive elements in nuclear waste water by * * * precipitation reaction between precipitant and radioactive elements. The advantages of this method are low cost, good removal effect for most radionuclides and simple operation. However, this method also has some shortcomings, such as producing a large number of radioactive deposits, which need further treatment; For some radionuclides that are difficult to precipitate, such as cesium, ruthenium and iodine, special precipitants are needed, which increases the cost and difficulty.
2. Adsorption is a method to remove heavy metal ions from water by using porous solid substances. The advantage of this method is that it can remove many types of heavy metal ions, including some radioactive elements that are difficult to precipitate or exchange; The adsorbent is low in price, safe and easy to obtain; Simple operation and strong controllability. However, this method also has some shortcomings, such as the adsorption capacity is affected by water quality and temperature; Adsorbent is easy to saturate and needs to be replaced regularly; The adsorbent is not easy to regenerate, and a large amount of radioactive waste adsorbent is produced, which needs further treatment.