1. blanking: there are various blanking methods, mainly as follows. 1. Shearer: used for shearing simple strip materials, mainly prepared for die cutting and forming. The cost is low, and the accuracy is lower than 0.2, but only strips or blocks without holes and corners can be processed. (2) Punch machine: The flat parts after the parts are unfolded are punched into various shapes on the plate by a punch machine in one or more steps. Its advantages are short working hours, high efficiency, high precision and low cost, and it is suitable for mass production, but it needs to design dies. (3) CNC blanking. When NC blanking, NC machining program must be written first. Using programming software, the developed drawings are written into programs that can be recognized by CNC drawing machine tools, so that flat parts of various shapes can be stamped on the flat plate step by step according to these programs. But its structure is influenced by the tool structure, and its cost is low, and its accuracy is 0. 15. (4) Laser blanking, that is, laser cutting is used to cut the structural shape of the flat plate on the large flat plate. Like NC blanking, it is necessary to write a laser program, which can blank various complex shapes of flat plates with high cost and accuracy of 0. 1. ⑤. Sawing machine: aluminum profiles, square tubes, drawn tubes, round bars and the like are mainly used, with low cost and low precision.
1. fitter: the angle of counterbore, tapping, reaming and drilling is generally 120℃, which is used for pulling rivets, and the countersunk screws and tapping bottom holes are 90℃.
2. Flanging: also known as hole drawing and hole turning, it is to pull a slightly larger hole from a smaller bottom hole and then tap it. It is mainly processed with thin metal sheet to increase strength and number of thread turns and avoid slipping teeth. It is generally used for shallow flanging with thin thickness and normal hole circumference, and the thickness is basically unchanged. When the thickness is allowed to be reduced by 30-40%, the flanging height can be higher than normal.
3. Stamping: This is a processing procedure formed by a die. Stamping processing generally includes punching, corner cutting, blanking, punching convex hull (bump), punching and tearing, punching and forming. Its processing needs corresponding dies to complete the operation, such as punching blanking die, convex die, tearing die, punching die, forming die and so on. , the operation mainly pays attention to the position and directionality.
4. Riveting: As far as our company is concerned, there are mainly riveting nuts, screws, etc., which are completed by hydraulic riveting machine or punching machine and riveted to sheet metal parts. There are also riveting methods, so we should pay attention to directionality.
5. bending; Bending is to fold a 2D plane part into a D part. Its processing needs folding machine and corresponding bending die to complete, and there is also a certain bending sequence. Its principle is that the next knife folds first without interference, and folds after interference. L the number of bent strips is 6 times of the calculated slot width of the plate thickness below T=3.0mm, such as T= 1.0, V=6 .0 F= 1.8, T= 1.2, V=8, F=2.2 and t =/kloc-. There are cracks in the bending of aluminum plate with straight knife and machete (80℃, 30℃), which can increase the width of the groove of the lower die. Matters needing attention when bending the upper die R (annealing can avoid cracks) L: I drawing, which requires the thickness and quantity of the plate; Ⅱ bending direction Ⅲ bending angle; Ⅳ bending size; ⅵ Appearance and chrome-plated materials are not allowed to wrinkle. Generally speaking, the relationship between bending and riveting process is riveting before bending, but some parts will interfere after riveting, so they must be folded before pressing, and some processes such as bending, riveting and bending are needed.
6. Welding: welding definition: the distance between atoms and molecules of the material to be welded and the crystal lattice is integrated ① Classification: A fusion welding: argon arc welding, CO2 welding, gas welding, manual welding B pressure welding: spot welding, butt welding, collision welding C brazing: electrolytic chromium welding, copper wire ② welding mode: a CO2 gas shielded welding B argon arc welding C spot welding, etc. D The choice of robot welding mode depends on the actual requirements and materials, generally speaking, CO2. Argon arc welding is used to weld stainless steel and aluminum plate. Robot welding can save working hours, improve working efficiency and welding quality, and reduce working intensity. ③ Welding symbols: Δ fillet welding, д-shaped welding, I-shaped welding, V-shaped welding, single-sided V-shaped welding, blunt-edged V-shaped welding, spot welding (O), plug welding or groove welding (∏), edge welding (χ), blunt-edged single-sided V-shaped welding (V) and blunt-edged U-shaped welding. CO2 welding in forced welding zone: high productivity, low energy consumption, low cost and strong rust prevention ability. Argon arc welding: deep dissolution, slow welding speed, low efficiency, high production cost and defects of tungsten inclusion, but it has the advantage of good welding quality and can weld non-ferrous metals such as aluminum, copper and magnesium. ⑥ Causes of welding deformation: insufficient preparation before welding, need to increase fixture, poor welding fixture, and improve welding sequence. ⑥ Welding deformation correction methods: flame correction method, vibration method, hammer method and artificial aging method.