Let's talk about the influence of ultraviolet rays on human body.
Health care function of ultraviolet rays
Excessive exposure to ultraviolet rays can burn the skin, or cause senile cataracts and even skin cancer. But moderate ultraviolet rays have many benefits to the human body:
There is a basal cell in the human epidermis, which contains "melanogen", which is a tyrosine substance. Under the action of ultraviolet rays, "melanogen" turns black and deposits on the surface of sunburned skin, making the skin evenly black and brown. This is an important cause of skin tanning. This deposited pigment can absorb more light energy, quickly convert it into heat energy, and stimulate sweat glands to secrete heat. Sunbathing can kill bacteria on the skin and prevent skin diseases such as boils and folliculitis. Indoor sun exposure and frequent bedding exposure can reduce the spread of diseases.
Promote calcium and phosphorus metabolism There are sterols in human skin, which can be converted into vitamin D under the ultraviolet irradiation of sunlight. Vitamin D can improve calcium and phosphorus metabolism after entering the blood, and has the effect of resisting rickets, osteomalacia and senile osteoporosis.
Enhance the body's immunity. Ultraviolet rays in sunlight can stimulate human hematopoietic function, increase the number of red blood cells and hemoglobin, improve the quality of red blood cells, improve muscle activity, reduce blood pressure, blood sugar and cholesterol, increase human immunity and promote the oxygen absorption capacity of cells.
So, when should I receive ultraviolet radiation? In midsummer, it is not advisable to expose to the sun at117, because the infrared ray is too strong during this period, which can generally reach more than 1.5 calories per cubic meter per minute, and the temperature generated is 37℃-45℃. In spring and autumn, 7- 10, or 15- 16, during this period, the sun has strong ultraviolet rays and weak infrared rays.
Harm of ultraviolet rays to human body
In hot summer, it is inevitable that the ultraviolet rays contained in the sun will irradiate the human body. Excessive solar ultraviolet radiation will do harm to human skin, eyes and immune system. Ultraviolet rays can destroy human skin cells, lead to wrinkles and spots, make the skin aging before it is old, and in severe cases, produce solar dermatitis and sunburn, or solar keratinization of skin and mucosa, which may lead to cancer. The eye is a sensitive organ of ultraviolet rays, which can damage the lens and is one of the pathogenic factors of senile cataract.
In hot summer, the sun's ultraviolet intensity is the strongest from 10 to 3 pm, so outdoor activities should be avoided to avoid the harm of ultraviolet rays to human body. Even if you need outdoor activities during this time, don't forget to hold an umbrella, wear a sun hat or sunglasses, use skin care elements and sunscreen produced by regular manufacturers, and try to wear white or light-colored clothes to reduce the unnecessary harm caused by ultraviolet rays to the human body.
Although excessive ultraviolet rays are harmful to human body, the healthy growth of human body is inseparable from ultraviolet rays. 7- dehydrocholesterol in skin is converted into vitamin D3 by light. Vitamin D3 has important physiological functions in maintaining calcium ion concentration inside and outside human cells and regulating calcium and phosphorus metabolism. In countries with insufficient sunshine, rickets in infants, osteomalacia in adults and osteoporosis are more common. Babies can't thrive without proper sunbathing, and the human body needs proper ultraviolet rays. Therefore, proper lighting is still necessary.
Let's talk about the influence of infrared rays on human body.
First, the mechanism of infrared biological effect
Infrared rays have strong penetrating power to human skin and subcutaneous tissue. The primary effect of external infrared radiation on human body is to raise the temperature of skin and subcutaneous tissue, promote blood circulation and metabolism, and promote human health.
The thermal effect, anti-inflammatory effect and promoting regeneration of infrared physiotherapy on tissues have been clinically confirmed. Usually, direct irradiation is used to treat diseased parts.
Near-infrared micro-irradiation therapy has a significant effect on improving microcirculation, especially micro-blood flow. After irradiation, the blood flow velocity of capillaries is accelerated, the phenomenon of red blood cell aggregation is reduced, and the phenomenon of blood stasis in inferior papillary venous plexus is alleviated or disappeared, which has a positive effect on improving the nutrition, metabolism, repair and function of body tissues and important organs. At present, the mechanism of the secondary effect of infrared rays on human body is not completely clear.
Some scholars believe that far infrared rays can vibrate cells, mainly causing the vibration of water molecules inside and outside cells, activating cells and causing a series of healthy biochemical and histochemical changes of cells.
Some people think that far infrared rays can be called "life rays" and can significantly improve human microcirculation. When it acts on water molecules in human body, it can vibrate the aging macromolecules in human body, and make them crack and recombine into smaller water masses, thus enhancing the activity and surface tension of cells. Due to the increase of water molecules penetrating the cell membrane, the activity of intracellular calcium ions is enhanced, thus enhancing the normal function of human cells and improving their bactericidal ability and immune ability.
In addition, the light of life can also cut off the double or triple bonds of unsaturated fatty acids in blood, and saturated fatty acids are not easy to be oxidized into blood lipids [lipid peroxides], thus reducing the deposition of lipids in blood vessels and smoothing the blood vessel wall, thus reducing the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases or ophthalmic diseases such as arteriosclerosis and cataracts, and playing a good role in promoting human health.
Pang Xiaofeng's research on the biological effects and medical effects of infrared rays on organisms (including people) mainly comes from the non-thermal biological effects of infrared rays. The absorption of infrared rays can lead to the quantum vibration of amide bonds in protein molecules, so that biological energy can be smoothly transferred from one place to another, and the living body can be in a normal state, maintaining growth, development and health.
The research on the effect of infrared ray on immune function is still in its infancy. Among all infrared rays, medium-wave infrared rays are more likely to act on immune cells and promote their biological functions. The function of infrared ray is not only related to its wavelength, but also related to the number of photons it emits, that is, to the radiation intensity and radiation time. Excessive infrared radiation may also have adverse effects on the body, and its detailed mechanism needs to be further clarified.
Cao Zhiran and others believe that infrared radiation has indirect and direct effects on human immune system. Indirect effect means that infrared radiation can regulate the state of other systems of the body, such as nervous system and endocrine system, so as to achieve the purpose of regulating the immune system. Direct action means that infrared rays can enhance the biological field around immune cells and immune organs after being absorbed by human body, thus enhancing their activity and mutual regulation. Infrared photons can directly act on the exciting points of immune cells.
Mao Wen and others speculate that the mechanism of action is that infrared rays may activate deep tissue receptors, and its physiological and biochemical effects, on the one hand, have a positive impact on the activities of biological macromolecules, cells and organs through neurohumoral reflex pathways and meridian conduction pathways that have not been fully understood at present, thus producing overall benign effects [2].
Second, the possible adverse effects of infrared rays on the human body
Thermal radiation, also known as infrared radiation, is the main feature of high temperature working environment in iron and steel metallurgical enterprises. Especially in the hot rolling and medium sintering machines of iron and steel smelting and Honggang, it is a typical infrared thermal radiation contact operation. Short-wave infrared rays can penetrate the cornea and enter the eyeball, aqueous humor, iris, lens and vitreous humor to absorb some infrared rays and cause cataracts, which are called "infrared cataracts".
It has also been pointed out that the harm of ultraviolet rays (UVR) and infrared rays (IFR) to eyes and skin is an important aspect of occupational injury in electric welding, and ultraviolet rays and infrared rays in the process of electric welding can cause damage to cornea and lens [7].
Infrared rays in sunlight do different harm to the skin than ultraviolet rays. Ultraviolet light mainly causes photochemical reaction and photo-immune reaction, while infrared radiation causes reactions caused by molecular vibration and temperature rise.
The thermal radiation caused by infrared rays can penetrate the skin more than ultraviolet rays. Infrared rays have direct adverse effects on the skin through its thermal radiation effect, such as skin temperature rise, capillary dilation, congestion, and increased evaporation of epidermal water. Its main manifestations are red papules, premature aging of skin and pigment disorder. The skin temperature rises, the capillaries dilate and congest, and the epidermis water evaporates, which directly causes adverse effects on the skin.
Infrared rays can also enhance the damage of ultraviolet rays to the skin and accelerate the process of skin aging. This is caused by the dual effects of ultraviolet and infrared rays on the skin under natural sunlight. Infrared rays and ultraviolet rays have the same effect in accelerating tissue degradation. Infrared rays can also promote the development of skin cancer caused by ultraviolet rays.
Third, the clinical application of infrared biological effects.
Infrared rays can be absorbed by superficial tissues on the body surface, which has obvious drying and dehydration effects, accelerates the blood circulation of local tissues, and plays an anti-inflammatory and analgesic role. Clinical application of safflower oil and far-infrared radiation to treat bedsore has found good effect and quick effect.
The far infrared ray was used to treat herpes zoster. The results showed that the pain relief time, blister stop time and dementia time were shorter than those of the control group. Experiments show that bioceramic far infrared rays have a significant effect on burn treatment. Chronic soft tissue injury is the best way to treat traumatic pain. Clinical nursing observation shows that far-infrared protective devices made of ultrafine ceramic particles, such as waist protection, knee protection, elbow protection, wrist protection, collar and so on. It has obvious functions of diminishing inflammation, reducing swelling, promoting blood circulation, relieving pain, dredging meridians and improving microcirculation. At the same time, it can avoid the pain caused by closing. Far infrared radiation and hotbed were used to treat children's red buttock and buttock ulcer. Compared with the control group, the average cure time of the treatment group is shorter and the effective rate is higher.
The problem of rewarming in the treatment of neonatal scleredema is an important link in the success of treatment. In the past, the effect of gradual rewarming with ordinary warm box was poor. Now, after rapid rewarming with far infrared rays, the mortality rate of children is obviously reduced and the success rate of rescue is obviously improved. Skin flap necrosis is a common postoperative complication in plastic surgery, mainly caused by microcirculation disturbance, and there is no ideal prevention and treatment method at present. In vivo, ginger directly observed the microcirculation changes of any skin flap on the back of rats. It is found that far infrared local radiation has biological effects similar to vasodilators, which can improve microcirculation and improve the survival rate of skin flap, and has no obvious side effects within the therapeutic dose range. Some scholars in Japan reported that the linear polarized infrared ray was effective in treating various types of alopecia areata.
Linear polarized near infrared ray is effective in treating temporomandibular joint pain caused by rheumatoid arthritis. The mechanism may be that light can stimulate photoelectric energy, electromagnetic waves and photochemical action, so it can inhibit nerve excitement, relax muscles, relax blood vessels, increase blood flow, promote lymphatic circulation and promote the production of active factors, thus playing a therapeutic role. By observing the blood viscosity before and after the treatment of far infrared rays, it is found that low-temperature excitation of far infrared rays has a wide range of biological effects, mainly the low-temperature thermodynamic effect, which can reduce the blood viscosity of patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, prevent thrombosis, improve microcirculation, and relieve chest tightness, palpitation, dizziness, numbness and other symptoms. Compared with other drug therapies, infrared irradiation of bladder area is painless, does not increase postpartum hemorrhage, and is easy to be accepted by parturient. Some people use far-infrared radiation to treat children's enterospasm 2, and find that its curative effect is obviously better than that of drug treatment, and it is simple and easy, without side effects, and children are willing to accept it. Infrared radiation can obviously alleviate the hyperglycemia of diabetic rabbits, and the blood sugar will also decrease accordingly. Mid-far infrared therapy can enhance the ability of tumor host to scavenge free radicals and inhibit the growth and proliferation of tumor cells.