(A) the management of the young age:

1. Dilution fertilization: soil fertilization will be started one month after planting, and in two or three years, it will mainly focus on increasing root quantity and promoting shoot growth. It is appropriate to master "one branch with two fertilizers" or "one branch with three fertilizers", that is, to apply nitrogen-based quick-acting fertilizer when the top buds of branches germinate to promote the normal growth of new shoots. When the elongation of new shoots basically stops and the color of leaves changes from red to light green, the second fertilizer is applied to promote the rapid greening of new shoots, improve photosynthetic efficiency, and make branches stout and leaves thick. When the new shoots turn green, the third fertilizer application will accelerate the senescence of the new shoots and shorten the shoot sprouting period, which is beneficial to the multiple germination of the new shoots. The amount of fertilizer applied depends on soil properties and the size of young trees. After planting, the number of small roots of trees is less, and the amount of fertilization will increase accordingly from the second year, which is about 40-60% higher than the previous year. In addition, according to the growth of trees, in the fast-growing period of branches, you can spray Leduo Harvest "Su Guo Bang Le" every half month.

2. Irrigation: The drained young roots of litchi are few and shallow, which is greatly influenced by the surface soil moisture. One-year-old young litchi trees often have the phenomenon of "withered back", so attention should be paid to watering and moisturizing in dry days, and attention should be paid to preventing water accumulation in tree trays in rainy days.

3, pruning: plastic pruning focuses on cultivating 3-4 main branches, so that their incident angles are appropriate and evenly distributed. The principle of pruning is that it should be light rather than heavy, mainly cutting off cross branches, too dense branches, bent branches, weak branches and ears that are not allowed to bear fruit, so that nutrients can be effectively used and the crown of the tree can be expanded. Branches that can be cut or not are kept temporarily. The pruning period is carried out before the new branches sprout. Plastic trimming can be carried out by trimming, coring, pulling, hanging and spreading.

(2) the management of the result tree:

1, scientific fertilization: ① fertilizer before flowering: applied from the end of June165438+early February to June 65438+early February. The function is to promote flower bud differentiation, flower ear development, improve flower quality, increase fruit setting rate and delay spring senescence. During this period, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium accounted for about 20%-25% of the annual application, and phosphorus accounted for 25%-30%. ② Strong fruit fertilizer: applied about 65,438+00-65,438+05 days after flower withering. Its function is to supplement the consumption during flowering, ensure the nutrients needed for fruit growth and development, reduce the secondary physiological fruit drop, promote fruit growth, avoid excessive consumption of nutrients in trees, and lay a good foundation for autumn shoot germination. This time, potassium fertilizer is the main fertilizer, combining nitrogen and phosphorus, and potassium fertilizer accounts for about 40%-50% of the annual fertilization. ③ Fertilization before and after fruit picking: Fertilization about 7- 10 days before fruit picking can accelerate the recovery of tree vigor after fruit picking, promote the development of autumn shoots, cultivate robust fruiting branches, and lay a foundation for high yield in the next year. This period is dominated by nitrogen fertilizer, combined with phosphorus and potassium. The amount of nitrogen application accounts for about 45%-55% of the annual fertilization, and phosphorus and potassium account for 30%-40%.

2. Bee pollination: The fruit setting rate of litchi varies greatly, which is generally 2%- 12% of that of female flowers. A 19-year-old Sophora japonica branch with about 90,000 female flowers. If the fruit setting rate is 2%, its yield is only 36 kg. If the fruit setting rate is increased to 12%, the yield can reach more than 200 kg, showing great production potential. The main measures are as follows: ① releasing bees at flowering stage: bee pollination plays an important role in improving fruit setting rate, and the number of bees released is directly proportional to the size of litchi population. Adult litchi trees can release 1-2 bees per mu of orchard, which can meet the pollination requirements. Stop spraying insecticidal pesticides during bee release to avoid bee poisoning and honey pollution. (2) Shake the flowers in time after it clears up in rainy days: When it is in full bloom in rainy days, manually shake the flower branches to shake off the water drops, so as to speed up the air-drying and powder-scattering of the flowers, or prevent the flowers from retting. ③ Spraying 65,438+0,500 times solution of Leduo "Flower and Fruit Nanny" can effectively protect flowers and fruits and improve fruit setting rate.

3. Fruit preservation: ① adjustment and fruit preservation: adjust with Leduo "Flower Nurse" 1500 times solution and spray it 20-40 days after flowering. ② Ring cutting to protect fruit: It is better to ring cut young trees to protect fruit. Generally, it is not suitable for old trees and weak trees to be circumcised about 40 days after the female flowers open and bear fruit.