Planting conditions of hazelnut
1, temperature: Corylus heterophylla has strong cold resistance, suitable for annual average temperature of 7.5 ~ 13℃, and can be cultivated in areas with the lowest temperature of MINUS 30℃.
2. Illumination: Corylus heterophylla is a light-loving plant, and the annual sunshine hours are generally required to be above 265,438+000 hours, otherwise there will be few flower buds and low yield.
3. Soil: Corylus heterophylla has high requirements on soil, and it is not suitable for establishing hazel orchards in dry sandy soil, cohesive soil, marshland, saline-alkali land and low-lying land.
Planting method of hazelnut
1. Soil preparation and hole digging: Before planting hazelnut trees, the land should be leveled, and miscellaneous trees, weeds and stones should be removed. When digging a hole, the topsoil and subsoil should be separated. Before backfilling, the subsoil and organic fertilizer should be mixed evenly, and the topsoil should be returned to the upper part of the planting hole, preferably in the autumn of the previous year.
2. Planting time: In order to improve the survival rate, hazelnut trees are suggested to be planted in autumn, generally at 10 ~ 12, and the Yellow River and Yangtze River basins should be from late February to early March, but not later than mid-March, but they must all be finished before germination, otherwise the survival rate will be reduced.
3. Planting density: The planting density of hazelnut trees is determined by tree species, varieties, rootstocks, cultivation techniques, tree shape, topography, soil and climatic conditions. Many factors should be considered to make hazelnut trees grow healthily.
4. Cultivation depth: The roots of hazelnut trees should not be buried too deep or too shallow. After planting, the root neck and the ground should be 5 cm below the ground and buried 6 ~ 10 cm above the root system.
5. Reasonable watering: Water tree trays are built around hazelnut trees to facilitate irrigation and water storage. Irrigation should be done immediately after planting. After water seepage, the soil should be sealed to preserve moisture, and the tree tray should be covered with plastic film to keep moisture and increase temperature, so as to promote the root activity of hazelnut and improve the survival rate.
6. Weeding and loosening soil: Corylus heterophylla has developed roots, strong tillering ability and vigorous growth under the condition of loose soil and good ventilation, which is beneficial to growth and fruiting. Weed and loosen soil 2-3 times a year, from the end of April to June.
7. Rational fertilization: Pay attention to fertilization after planting hazelnut trees. Usually, decomposed farmyard manure is applied at the beginning of May, and compound fertilizer is applied in the middle of July. In the second year of planting, topdressing can be projected outside the hazelnut crown, but not too deep.
8. Timely pruning: hazelnut trees generally leave a trunk, and then prune according to their own growth and development characteristics to form a reasonable skeleton. There are three kinds of trees commonly used, namely, less trunk, single trunk and multi-trunk.
Propagation method of hazelnut
1. Seeding and propagation: select plants with high yield, large fruits and no pests and diseases as the mother trees of hazelnut forest, and select hazelnuts with large seeds, full kernels and no pests and diseases for sowing. The seed germination ability should be maintained at 1 year, and the sowing date should be in spring, usually in the middle and late April.
2. ramet propagation: there are two methods of ramet propagation. One is to dig out all the mother plants and divide them into several small clumps or single plants, each with a root system and 1 ~ 2 branches. The other is to dig roots and tiller around the mother plant, separate several plants and keep the mother plant.
3. Roots and tillers propagation: There are two methods for roots and tillers propagation, one is to dig roots and tillers around the existing plants to obtain seedlings, and the other is to propagate in a special maternal garden. The mother plant to be propagated should be leveled in spring to promote the roots and tillering in the plant cluster.
4. layering propagation: layering propagation can be divided into horizontal layering and bow layering. Horizontal stratification can be done in autumn or spring, but spring is the most suitable. Bow battens are divided into hard battens and tender battens. Hard branch layering should be carried out in early spring and tender branch layering should be carried out in the first half of June.
Efficacy and function of hazelnut
Sweet, flat and non-toxic.
Spleen and stomach meridian.
It has the effects of regulating middle energizer, stimulating appetite, invigorating qi and blood, and improving eyesight, and is mainly used for treating aversion to food, fatigue, emaciation, weakness of limbs, physical weakness after illness, and blurred vision.
1, enhance physical fitness: hazelnut itself is rich in oil (mostly unsaturated fatty acids), the content of which reaches 60.5%, which makes the fat-soluble vitamins contained more easily absorbed by the human body and has a good nourishing effect on people who are weak, weak after illness and prone to hunger.
2. Moisturize the skin: the vitamin E content of hazelnut is as high as 36%, which can effectively delay aging, prevent arteriosclerosis and moisturize the skin.
3, prevent constipation: hazelnut itself has a natural aroma, has an appetizing effect, and rich cellulose also helps digestion and prevent constipation.
4. Prevention of cardiovascular diseases: Hazelnut also has the function of lowering cholesterol, avoiding the harm of saturated fatty acids in meat to the body and effectively preventing the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
5, eyesight and brain: hazelnut is rich in vitamin A source, B 1, B2 and nicotinic acid, which is conducive to maintaining normal vision and the normal growth of epithelial cells and the health of the nervous system, promoting the function of the digestive system, stimulating appetite, improving memory and preventing aging.
6, insect repellent effect: children eat insect repellent effect.
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