The method of removing moles
From the commonly used potion "washing moles" to the mainstream laser to remove moles, there are more and more means, but they are more uncertain. Let's take a look at the plastic surgeon's evaluation of several common methods to remove moles.
1, surgical resection
Description: Take the nevus as the center to do spindle resection, and then suture.
Advantages and disadvantages: To say what method can uproot the mole, moving the knife is more secure. But when it comes to moving the knife, many people are psychologically afraid of the big wound and the risk of infection. And for people with scar constitution, there is a risk of scar hyperplasia. Yan Ling said that moles are usually multiple, small in size and large in number. If you have surgery, some will go to war, and the surgery will always leave a small scar. However, for moles in special parts, that is, bearing or rubbing parts (such as soles of feet, toes, palms, nail beds, neck and perineum), because most of the moles in these parts are borderline moles, which have potential malignant transformation opportunities, it is best to effectively remove them through surgery, and their nature can be determined by pathological examination. If there are malignant lesions, they can be found and treated as soon as possible.
Guidance: moles in the palm, sole, nail bed, neck and back near the collar, perineum and other load-bearing or friction parts are at risk of malignant transformation. Laser may stimulate malignant transformation, so we should remove them and do better surgery. In addition, moles with a diameter greater than 1 cm are also suitable for surgical resection, otherwise the wound will heal slowly after laser, which may easily leave scars.
Excision and skin flap transfer: it is suitable for patients with small pigmented nevus, but it is difficult to suture directly after excision, and the surrounding normal skin tissue is slack, so it can be used to transfer and repair the wound after excision of nevus, and there is no obvious secondary deformity after direct suture of donor site. It is also suitable for wound repair after excision of various plaque lesions on the face. According to the characteristics of wound and surrounding skin tissue, the following local flaps can be selected for transfer and repair.
2. Chemical combustion method
Description: There are liquid medicine "washing moles" and liquid nitrogen "freezing moles". The so-called "Dot mole water" actually corrodes the skin with liquid medicine, so that the skin tissue of the mole is necrotic and then falls off. Liquid nitrogen is also similar to the principle of "combustion". When liquid nitrogen hits the mole, the skin tissue will be necrotic and fall off. Advantages and disadvantages: These two methods are relatively cheap, but they can't take effect immediately, and the recovery time is long, and the wound needs 1-3 weeks to heal. What is more troublesome is that it is difficult to grasp the depth by the method of "melting". If the mole is shallow, it is not clean and may grow back after a while. If it is deep, it is easy to leave pits and scars, but it will become uglier. Guidance: Don't try this method of removing moles yourself, especially for people with scar constitution. If you really want to do it, you can choose to consult the plastic surgery department of a regular hospital. Under the operation of qualified doctors, the risk will be reduced.
3. Laser gasification method
Description: Using high-intensity laser energy, the melanocytes of nevus are disintegrated and gasified, crushed into pieces to form powder, and then gently wiped with a cotton swab to fall off. Advantages and disadvantages: simple and quick. When the laser is used, after the laser vaporizes the nevus tissue, the doctor gently wipes it with a cotton swab, and the tissue is removed, which has strong controllability and can accurately judge the treatment depth and observe whether there is any nevus tissue residue. Generally speaking, most moles can be removed without leaving traces after laser treatment. Only a few large and deep moles may have a small pit. For deep pigment cells, laser nevus removal may still have residues, because the naked eye can't judge clearly 100%, so there is a possibility of recurrence. So individual moles may need to be done several times. Guidance: Moles that are not in the weight-bearing or rubbing parts (such as soles, toes, palms, nail beds, neck and perineum) can be removed by laser. Especially for those with long hair on moles, there is basically no possibility of malignant transformation, and it is safe to be a laser.
freezing method
Methods: Cryopreservation with liquid nitrogen, high-speed freezing of pigmented nevus tissue, formation of water sores around pigmented nevus cells, and then spontaneous shedding.
Advantages: The depth of the injury is relatively easy to master, usually once, and it is not easy to cause obvious scars.
Disadvantages: large and thick moles can only be taken out after repeated freezing, and special instruments must be equipped, and the doctor's skills are also very important. Because depth control is not easy, it often causes injuries, so now dermatology does not need to treat moles.
Indications: Flat nevus with a diameter of 0.3-0.5 cm, including freckles.