(Tang) Du Mu
The victory or defeat of a strategist is unexpected, and Bao is a person with shame.
There are many talented children in Jiangdong. Whether they will make a comeback is still unknown.
(2) Title Wujiang Pavilion
(Song) Wang Anshi
A brave man who has been defeated repeatedly mourns, and it is difficult for the Central Plains to recover from defeat.
Although the children of Jiangdong are here today, are they willing to make a comeback for the king?
(3) quatrains
(Song) Li Qingzhao
Live like a hero and die like a ghost.
Today, people still miss Xiang Yu because he refused to live and returned to the East.
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Du Mu's Tiaojiang Pavilion holds that winning or losing is a common occurrence for military strategists. Although Xiang Yu was defeated by Wujiang, he was still a "person" as long as he was ashamed. There are many talented children in Jiangdong. If Xiang Yu crosses the Wujiang River and learns a lesson, it is possible to "make a comeback".
Wang Anshi's Diaojiang Pavilion in the Northern Song Dynasty holds that the Chu army has been exhausted after repeated wars and defeats, and the strong men are also sad for it, and the losing trend is hard to recover. Although Jiangdong's children are still alive, who wants to play for Wang Xiang's "comeback"?
At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, Li Qingzhao, a poetess who experienced the difficulty of Jing Kang, wrote a quatrain, which greatly praised Xiang Yu. In the poem, people should be "heroes on earth" when they are alive and "heroes among ghosts" when they are dead. It has been thousands of years since Xiang Yu committed suicide in Wujiang at the beginning of the Western Han Dynasty, but the author still misses Xiang Yu's integrity of "refusing to cross the river east". The author thinks that Xiang Yu is a heroic, strong, heroic and touching tragic hero. The author does not judge heroes by success or failure. She thinks that Xiang Yu is magnificent, respectable and awesome, although he has failed.
Why do these three poets have such completely different views on the same historical event?
This is related to the historical background and life experience of the three poets.
Du Mu, a well-known family, received a strict education from childhood, studied literature, politics and economy, and prepared to be an affiliate. Early career was not smooth, and middle age went through hardships. Finally, he was recruited as "Dr. Kao, who knows how to type a report." Therefore, in his view, as long as we "bear the burden of humiliation" and sum up the lessons of failure, we will certainly be able to "make a comeback."
Wang Anshi was a famous politician and writer in the Northern Song Dynasty. During his tenure as prime minister, he tried his best to promote new laws, innovate politics and enrich Qiang Bing, and made great achievements. However, his reform violated the interests of big bureaucrats and big landlords, met with sharp and fierce opposition and failed. In this case, Wang Anshi came up with the view that Xiang Yu was finally defeated militarily because of a series of political and military mistakes at that time, and there was no way to save the day. Even if you return to Jiangdong, it is difficult to gather people to "make a comeback" and you can't turn defeat into victory.
As a poet in the transitional period from the Northern Song Dynasty to the Southern Song Dynasty, Li Qingzhao witnessed Song Gaozong's experience of fleeing to the south in a mess, and spoke highly of Xiang Yu's human value from the perspective of female surname. The author uses Xiang Yu's "refusing to cross the Yangtze River" to satirize the weak and incompetent ugly behavior of the southern rulers who ignored the lives of the people, abandoned the great rivers and mountains of the Central Plains, only cared about their own escape and settled in a corner of the south of the Yangtze River when nomadic people invaded the south and the country was ruined. The author's patriotic passion was beyond words and played an inspiring role at that time.
These three poems have always been the focus of poetry criticism, and there are different opinions. But if Xiang Yu doesn't die, only God knows whether the ancient history of China will be rewritten …