There is little difference in germination time among pomegranate varieties. The germination potential of pomegranate trees is related to the accumulation level of nutrients in the previous year and the light and temperature during germination. If the germination period is full of nutrition, the trees are strong and the weather is sunny and windy, it can be completed within 3 days, otherwise the germination phenology will take about 1 week.
2. Shooting period of new shoots: After the leaves turn color, the new shoots will grow vigorously until the flowering is basically over. This period takes 30-45 days. The length of this period is related to the length of fruiting branches. Generally, the order of ending growth is foliage branch, short fruit branch, middle fruit branch, long fruit branch, long branch or vigorous branch, which can continue to grow after a significant pause in flowering.
The weather is sunny, sunny and the temperature is suitable, which is very conducive to the growth of branches. The main tasks of management are: (1) strengthening fertilizer and water, promoting the growth of branches and leaves, and promoting the differentiation of flower buds. For weak trees, topdressing should be done outside the roots in time to supplement nutrition. (2) timely germination to reduce consumption. At this stage, branches and stems often germinate vigorously and grow in vain, so they should be pulled out in time at the beginning of germination. When the length of new branches is more than 20 cm, it should not be completely drained, which can be controlled by twisting branches, coring, taking branches and reversing. (3) Seize the opportunity and topdressing outside the roots. At this time, nitrogen fertilizer was applied in the early stage, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer were applied after budding, and boron fertilizer was sprayed before flowering.
3. Flowering period: This period lasts about 45 days from the beginning of flowering to fruit setting. The main task in production is to protect flowers.
4. Fruit development and flower bud differentiation period: this period refers to the period from fruit setting to the second batch of flower bud differentiation peak. Fruit development and flower bud differentiation are the two centers of this period. Fruit development can be divided into three main stages: young fruit stage, hard core stage and discoloration maturity stage. After pomegranate blooms and sets fruit, young fruit grows rapidly from late May to late June. Late June to the end of July is a period of slow growth; The first ten days of August is the hard core period, and the last ten days of August to the first ten days of September is the discoloration period, during which there is another vigorous growth. The main work in this period is:
(1) Topdressing after anthesis promoted cell division of fruit, accelerated the first growth peak, and laid a foundation for improving fruit quality.
(2) Combining fertilization with irrigation to promote seed development. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are the main types of fertilization; If the tree is weak, nitrogen fertilizer should be applied appropriately. The flower bud differentiation period begins in early July and stops when the leaves fall.
5, body sleep period: after the leaves fall, the tree enters the human sleep period. Dormancy is only a relative concept. At present, life activities of pomegranate trees are still going on, such as transformation and storage of nutrients accumulated before defoliation, hydrolysis of stored substances and so on. In the northern producing areas, cold protection in winter is the main task of pomegranate tree dormancy management.
Pomegranate likes moist soil, but it is not resistant to waterlogging, so it should always keep the soil moist, but there should be no water accumulation. Generally, it should be watered once a day in summer and once in spring and autumn. Pomegranate likes fertilizer, so when planting pomegranate, you must apply foot fertilizer.
Diluent fertilizer should be applied once a month in the current year's growth, and topdressing should be done once every 10- 15 days in the next year's growth season. Apply rich phosphate fertilizer before flowering to promote flowering, and apply less chemical fertilizer at flowering stage. Applying phosphate fertilizer after flowering is beneficial to fruit development, and applying thin fertilizer after fruit formation.
Baidu encyclopedia-pomegranate