⑵ Separation: it is the second process of separating the strip-shaped block stone from the original rock in the seam. Limited by the existing mining scale and production mode, mine reclamation basically adopts two methods: manual drilling and fracturing and controlled blasting. Manual splitting method is manual splitting with traditional manual drilling and wedging. This method has relatively high labor intensity and low efficiency, but the rejection rate is high and it is easy to plastic. Controlled blasting method is to drill holes with hand-held pneumatic drill and control blasting with black powder or small cartridge.
⑶ Flip: Flip the strip stone for easy cutting and separation. There are many tipping tools, such as manual jack, hydraulic jack, airbag propulsion, traction and so on. At present, jacks and traction methods are mainly used in mines.
(4) Disintegration and division: the lath is divided into coarse materials or coarse materials according to the required scale. The method of disintegration and division is similar to the separation method, which mainly adopts artificial wedging, chiseling and controlled blasting.
5. Shaping: Shaping is to form a finished product with a suitable scale from the cut blank through certain processing. The shaping methods include hand hammering, small hand-held drilling rig, hand-held rock drill, beaded diamond wire saw, shaper and so on. At present, the main mining methods are simple methods such as manual hammer chisel, without mechanical operation.
[6] Lifting and loading: it is the process of transporting the processed waste to the means of transport. Tools for hoisting can be varied. At present, mast crane is widely used in mines, and a few mining areas use truck cranes, loaders and crawler cranes. (7) Slag removal: it is the process of transporting non-waste gravel away from the waste processing plant.