Health care of 2-month-old puppies
Puppies should have a regular life. Feeding should be regular and quantitative and nutrition should be balanced. Dogs should not be allowed to develop the bad habit of picky eaters, leading to malnutrition. Attention should be paid to prevent excessive vitamin (especially vitamin A or D) or calcium deficiency. Puppies should not eat too much, usually 7-8 minutes full. It is forbidden to feed spoiled food, and it is best to clean the food basin every time to prevent diarrhea or food poisoning.
It is necessary to pay close attention to the urine and feces of puppies to judge whether they are normal.
The frequency of defecation generally changes with the age of the dog. 1 month-old dogs several times a day, and about 3 times a day on average when they are 2 months old. The frequency of defecation is related to the type of food: for example, when feeding meat and rice, the amount and frequency of defecation are less; Starchy foods are fed for a long time, with more frequency and quantity. Pay attention to the color, smell and presence of worms in puppy feces. Normal feces are strip-shaped, moderately soft and hard, and usually pale yellow. But it is also affected by food, such as eating more meat or feeding some liver, and the feces are generally black.
The frequency of urination also changes with the age of the dog. 1 month-old dogs, 2 hours 1 time, 5~6 times a day in February. Urine is light yellow, clear and transparent, which is beneficial to health. The first time I urinate in the morning, the color is slightly dark, but if I find that the urine has been dark, I will wonder if I am sick. It is best to go to an animal hospital for examination.
It's best to go to an animal hospital for a physical examination once a month, to test urine and feces, and to expel intestinal parasites if necessary. Attention: find an animal hospital with good reputation and facilities.
Puppies are afraid of cold, so keep warm whether in winter or summer.
Don't let the puppy's abdomen land for a long time, which is easy to catch cold and cause diarrhea or cold.
Neither a puppy nor a puppy was suitable to take it for a walk on the road five months ago. Because the dog's bones are not fully developed, walking for a long time will lead to the deformation of the limbs; At the same time, it is very easy to get sick outside. You can play and exercise properly indoors or in the courtyard. When the sunshine is not too strong and the outdoor temperature is not too high, the puppy basks in the sun, which is beneficial to bone growth.
Two-month-old puppies should be able to start good habit education. First of all, give the puppy a nice name, often call its name, let her know that it is calling her, establish a conditioned reflex, and let it come at once. The habit education of fixed-point defecation can also begin. Although the puppy can't hold back the urine four months ago, it will urinate if it has urine, and it will urinate only four months later, but it can be taught step by step.
Preventive injection is very, very important! ! !
Two months after birth, the antibodies brought from the mother have almost been eliminated, and various viral diseases may occur at this time. Therefore, the most important thing is to vaccinate against canine distemper, canine parvovirus and infectious hepatitis. Resistance (antibody) is produced about 2 weeks after vaccination. In about 2 months, if you haven't been vaccinated, you can directly inject anti-virus serum when the epidemic is prevalent or may be infected, which will directly enhance the body's resistance, and then vaccinate two weeks later.
Health care of three-month-old puppies
At this time, you can give the puppy some basic education. Let him develop good eating habits in advance. Dogs often play while eating, especially when eating dog food. If you find that they suddenly stop to play while eating, you should immediately take away their food pots for them to see, and you must wait until the next feeding. It usually gets better after that. If she eats well, she can be praised in various ways. However, we must educate moderately and don't scold too much.
3-month-old puppies like to pick up things from the ground to eat, and sometimes they eat unexpected things, such as buttons, pebbles, needles, nails, plastics and so on. These foreign bodies are easy to damage gastrointestinal mucosa or cause intestinal obstruction.
X-ray examination should be considered when puppies are found to have severe vomiting and abdominal pain. If it is determined to be obstruction, measures such as surgery should be taken in time, otherwise it will endanger life. It is important to correct the habit of picking up food and eating in time.
Excretion training should be started gradually, usually three times a day, and defecation is often about three times. Puppies sometimes urinate because of excessive happiness or fear, which is a manifestation of emotional richness or tension. It is generally difficult to control, but it can disappear naturally in adulthood. The owner should pay attention to abide by its laws and fix the normal defecation place.
After vaccination at the age of 2 months, due to the incomplete development of immune mechanism and insufficient immunity, repeated injections are needed to enhance the body's immunity. 3-month-old puppies must be vaccinated against rabies.
Health care of 4-month-old puppies
Four months after the puppy was born, the deciduous teeth began to fall off and the permanent teeth began to grow. At this time, his roots are itchy and he likes to chew everywhere. This bad behavior should be stopped by giving some bones or biting them.
Fix the stool twice every morning and evening, because if you eat too much, the amount will gradually increase. After each defecation, check whether it is the same as before.
Have a health check-up and urine test once a month.
After the first two injections, if necessary, you can strengthen the immunization again and repeat the injection (according to the requirements of vaccine use).
It should be noted that with the increase of body weight, the nutritional needs increase, and at the same time, the calcium needs need to be met, otherwise the puppies are prone to rickets, which will lead to the deformation of long bones or joint swelling of limbs and the appearance of "O" or "X" legs. Large dogs of medium size and above should pay more attention to the appearance changes of front and rear limbs. Adjust the balance of calcium and phosphorus in time, regularly irradiate ultraviolet rays (bask in the sun), and supplement the deficiency of vitamins A, D and E. Dogs should not wander outside for too long. Generally, 4-month-old dogs should not often walk on the road to prevent limb deformation.
Some dogs have to be trimmed and sheared from 4 months old, such as poodles. If you go outside to decorate, you must choose a beauty shop with good conditions and high reputation to prevent the spread of diseases and cross infection, because the puppy's immunity is still very fragile in April. For hard-haired dogs, you can pull out a little fur every day at home to promote their growth.
A 4-month-old puppy can take a bath twice a month, but it must be protected from cold and irritation. In the ear plastic surgery, the ear with unsatisfactory ear vertical effect can be corrected by sticking plastic plates in the ear or by other methods.
Health care of dogs aged 5 ~ 7 months
Five-month-old dogs still like to chew things indiscriminately, so we should stop their destructive behavior in time and give them some biting teeth. Dogs occasionally urinate everywhere, which may be because some mental requirements are not met, such as the owner often feels lonely when he goes out, or is mentally hit after being severely scolded, and the place where he urinates is not clean and can't make the dog "angry" and so on. At this time, we should not only severely reprimand the dog, but also consider whether the dog's requirements can be met, make improvements and correct this bad habit together. Of course, prevention and treatment in advance is the best training method.
At the age of 6 months, it is the peak of dog biting. At this time, the dog's deciduous teeth fall off and grow permanent teeth.
The habit of biting will be eased in the future. Before that, developing the habit of not biting will greatly reduce the loss of the owner.
So we must educate the puppy to know what to do and what not to do.
In May, large dogs generally defecate twice a day in the morning and evening, which can be reduced to once a day when they grow up. When you are 5 months old, don't often take it for a walk on the road to prevent infection. Let the puppy be on the balcony or in the yard, and give it some toys, such as balls and artificial bones, so that it can play and exercise freely.
When he is 6 months old, he can put a collar on the dog and tie a rope to go for a walk outdoors.
At first, many dogs were too timid to walk. Take her out to find a quiet place for a while, and then let her walk back. After several times, she got used to it and was willing to go out for a walk.
It is advisable to take a walk in the morning and evening. Generally, each walk time is 10 minute for small dogs, 20-30 minutes for medium dogs and 1 hour for large dogs.
After getting into the habit of walking, dogs will take walking as a pleasure and become a necessary part of life.
Once the owner is a little lazy and doesn't take her out for a walk, it may cause physical dysfunction, such as anorexia, constipation or inability to urinate in some dogs. Therefore, it is the owner's responsibility to take the dog for a walk.
When going out for a walk, you should also prevent food poisoning caused by picking up things at will. In addition, there are many opportunities to walk and contact with external pathogens. Care should be taken to prevent infection by parasites, bacteria and viruses. Sometimes it is easy to fight with other dogs and get bitten or stabbed by foreign objects. As the dog grows older, its strength is also increasing. In particular, large dogs of medium build and above often pull people to run when walking, which should be corrected.
At this stage, it is recommended to go to the hospital for a routine health examination every month. Five-month-old dogs are prone to colds, gastroenteritis and canine distemper. At the age of six months, it is easy to catch a cold, gastroenteritis, canine distemper, infectious hepatitis, parasitic diseases and rickets. But after four and a half months, the dog's disease resistance will gradually increase and the disease will gradually decrease.
A 5-month-old dog can take a bath 2~3 times a month. The number of baths can be increased in the future, summer 1 time, spring and autumn 2-0 times, winter 1 time. But be careful not to catch a cold.
When training dogs, we should try our best to reduce the contact between other people and dogs, and at the same time, the trainers should try their best to be kind and speak kindly. In order to make dogs obedient, it is very important for people and dogs to depend on each other, which can make dogs sincerely respond to people's feelings. Gently stroking the dog's body will comfort the dog. During training, we should also pay attention to the decisive and clear password, and never use violence or whip sticks. Dogs especially like praise. If the training subjects taught to them can be completed well, they like their owners to touch their heads or throats. But don't spoil the dog too much.
In general, training is divided into three steps.
The first stage is 1 ~ 5 days. First, put a leather collar on the dog. The collar should be expanded, and the tightness of the collar around the neck should be inserted where four fingers can be put together smoothly. Then tie a 1.5 ~ 2m chain on the collar. Feed the dog every time, several times, and feed 60% full every time. Dog names must be fixed and cannot be changed at will. Every time you feed a little food, you should call it by its name, such as "Xiaohua", "Xiaohei" and "Huang Xiao". Or whistle before feeding and call them by their first names. But it should be noted that you must wait for it to react before feeding. If it doesn't respond, don't give it food, but you can show it, call it by name, and then feed it when it responds. In this way, after 3 ~ 5 days of training, the dog can ask for food from its owner as soon as he hears his name called. Use the same basin when feeding, but the feeding place can be changed repeatedly. After feeding, be sure to touch the dog's head or whole body with your hands and gently call its name several times. Through the above-mentioned days of training, the goal is to make dogs get close to people and get used to their names, collars and the range of activities restricted by chains.
The second stage is 6 ~ 14 days. On the basis of the first stage of training, the dog's favorite food, such as biscuits or dried meat, is further used for training, and the method is the same as before. At this stage, you can lead the dog with a chain, let it walk with people, get familiar with the surrounding things and environment, and reduce fear. If the dog struggles in the process of towing, stop. At this time, you can touch its head and back with your hands, call its name, give it a small amount of food to lure it to follow, and never force it to pull. This kind of training should be carried out before feeding every day for 2 ~ 3 minutes, and then gradually increase, with the longest not exceeding 15 minutes. After each dog training, bring the dog back to the kennel for feeding. When the dog is feeding and begging for food, the trainer must decisively give the order to "sit down". When the dog sits down intentionally or unintentionally, it must be fed immediately. Repeat the password 3 ~ 4 times each time to cultivate its obedience. In order to cultivate the dog's goodwill, you can hold his legs up or lift his head, rub his face and get used to it. Through the second stage of training, dogs can further know their names, and initially establish close relationships with people, and initially learn to obey orders.
The third stage is 15 ~ 22 days. On the basis of the previous training, you can pick up the dog and play together. On the basis of ordering "sit", you can force him to lie down. You can gently reprimand when you are disobedient. After obeying orders, you can give a small amount of food rewards and praise the password to say "yes". At the same time, you can constantly touch his head and whole body to make him feel warm and intimate. Through the third stage of training, a dog who can basically open a chain, after hearing its name in the field, can come to the owner, obey the owner to pick it up, hold it, break its mouth, feed it, and know the password of reprimand and reward.
People who like keeping pets want to keep more kinds of animals. Before you buy rabbits, if you already have dogs at home, you need to pay more attention and give them some proper training.
Dogs are naturally competitive animals, and their owners will be jealous when they buy rabbits home. In order to let them get along well, the owner can put the dog in a cage first and then talk to it gently. If it keeps barking, it needs to be stopped. At the same time, hold the rabbit in front of the dog and let them meet first.
Then put the dog on the left thigh and the rabbit on the right thigh, so that they can get familiar with each other by smelling each other's smell and reduce their hostile attitude; Finally, let them play together in the house and enhance our friendship by getting along. However, it should be noted that this method is only applicable to some small dogs. If there are large dogs at home, it is best not to try!
1, I heard a dog trainer say that dogs usually excrete after eating for 30 minutes or drinking water for 15 minutes. You can pay special attention at this time. If you find dogs sniffing around on the ground, please be on high alert. He is looking for a place to go to the toilet. In addition, dogs usually excrete once after waking up in the morning (including urinating and defecating). You can see the dog wake up, take it to the place where you want it to go to the toilet, let it stay there for a while, and at the same time say the password of "hurry up" to the dog in a special tone (be sure to keep doing it, even if it is big, use this password often, and the dog will really understand. They will gradually know that your password is urging him to go to the bathroom.
2. The puppy excretes a lot of times, so most people like to let it go to the toilet on a paper mat or newspaper first. Some dogs use paper mats, but some hate this kind of thing very much. My dog will tear the paper pad to pieces. So I finally chose the newspaper.
At first, my dog didn't know that the newspaper was for him to excrete, so I sucked his poop with the newspaper and put this one on the top of many newspapers (about 7 or 8). Don't throw it away yet. Next time you see a dog sniffing around, pick it up in time and put it in the newspaper. He will smell the dry newspaper, so you should stay. If he runs out, you can spread the newspaper in a larger area first and then gradually reduce the size of the newspaper. After that, all you have to do is, whenever you see the dog going to the toilet (smelling everywhere) or going to the toilet (going to the wrong place), you should immediately pick it up and put it in the newspaper.
Leave a newspaper with his excrement on the paved newspaper every day. Usually the dog will know that it will be solved in the newspaper in a few days. When he is familiar with it, congratulations, the first step is successful. You can put a clean newspaper every day, because dogs know the smell of newspapers and come to the toilet.
3, the next step is relatively simple, you have to slowly reduce the size of the newspaper (from the size of two newspapers, into the size of a newspaper, and then into the size of half a newspaper. And you can slowly change the position of the newspaper and move to the door. After the dog is used to going to the toilet with the newspaper at the door, you can take the newspaper away. When a dog wants to go to the toilet, he will look for a newspaper at the door. After you see his behavior, you should go outside to go to the toilet for him immediately.
Then you can choose five basically fixed times in a day to take the puppy out. It is best to choose the time after the dog eats for 20 to 30 minutes. If the dog wants to go to the toilet in five hours, you should take it out, too. These will be extra, not within 5 times. After waiting for a long time, the dog will know that those five times were for him to go to the toilet. Always use the toilet password you gave him outside until he finishes his task. After finishing, you'd better touch him and give you verbal encouragement and praise (such as: good boy, good boy, etc ... let them know that what they have done is right).
Because dogs have a biological clock, it is best to fix it at five o'clock. So the dog will realize that it is necessary to go to the toilet first. After the dog can completely use these five times to complete the excretion task and not go to the toilet at home, you can keep doing this for a while, and then you can slowly change the time from five times to three times. (Generally, if the dog is young and you want to feed it four times a day, take it out five times, once after getting up in the morning, and then take it out half an hour after each meal, * * * five times. When the dog is used to going to the toilet outside, as he grows older, the number of times you feed him becomes three times a day, so you can go out three times, once in the morning, once half an hour after lunch, and then once before going to bed.
5. After that, your dog may be able to go outside to go to the toilet regularly! Need to be reminded that at the beginning of training, take the dog out and give him at most 5 minutes to go to the toilet. If he doesn't move for five minutes, take him home and put him in a cage at once, so that the dog knows that if he doesn't go outside to go to the toilet, he won't have a chance until you wait for him to go out next time.
There are still some places that everyone should pay attention to. Please put the dog in the cage, and then you can keep it completely at home until you take it out to poop. But that doesn't mean you should keep your dog for 24 hours. Dogs don't usually go to the toilet where they sleep, so the space in the cage is exactly the size of a dog turning to sleep. If the cage is too big, the dog will go to the toilet anywhere in the cage except where he lies, and it will be troublesome to form a habit.
It is suggested that you can buy a cage that dogs can use as adults. When the dog is young, you should put a cardboard box in the cage, leaving only a place for the dog to sleep, and then gradually take out the cardboard box as the dog grows up. This way, you don't have to buy a lot of dog cages as your dog grows up. Dogs should be put in cages after eating, so as to prevent them from defecating everywhere. Secondly, dogs are not prone to strenuous exercise after eating, which is not good for the stomach.
Half an hour after dinner, take him out to the bathroom. You can let him out for a while after using the toilet. Then put it in a cage until you take it to the toilet next time. This method is suitable for training in the reporting period and toilet period. If you want him to come out to play with him once in a while, pay attention to see if he wants to go to the bathroom. If so, take him to the toilet immediately.
Generally speaking, dogs will be more tolerant after surgery (that is, after maturity). The dog's endurance is not very strong, so it should be restrained by a cage. Take them out often. Ha, just like people, I just don't know if I will be incontinent when I am old. I won't know until my dog is old, and I'll tell you then.
The above is my step-by-step training method for training dogs. My dog completed all the above training when he was 6 months old, knowing that he can go to the toilet outside or put it outside the cage. I'm one year old now. Now I just take it out to the bathroom twice a day. Usually at home, I don't close the cage.
There are many other ways to teach dogs to go to the toilet. Please refer to mine. Puppy is the most troublesome time, but it pays off after teaching for a lifetime. You will feel that the hard work at that time was worthwhile, but you cultivated a lot of feelings when you cultivated him.