Macrodactyly is a congenital malformation caused by abnormal nerve growth, which is characterized by the increase of finger or toe volume. The incidence of congenital malformation of limbs is very low, about 0.9%. Treatment: It is best to treat congenital macrodactyly according to its size, ranging from soft tissue surgery to bone tissue surgery and toe amputation. 1. Mild: conservative treatment or surgical treatment. (1) Soft tissue surgery: nerve and blood vessels, surrounding fat and skin on one side of the big toe are removed, which is suitable for patients with simple vascular or nerve hypertrophy and hyperplasia. (2) Free nail flap transplantation is suitable for thumb nerve fiber hyperplasia. (3) toe amputation. 2. Medium: Shortened toes. (1) The nerve, blood vessel, subcutaneous fat and skin on one side were removed. (2) Epiphyseal block or resection. (3) Partial removal of phalanges. (4) Excision of the distal phalanx. 3. Severe type: (1) Shortening of thumb. (2) toe amputation.

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With regard to the treatment of thumb, simple corrective surgery has no special effect. At present, there is no good method to treat macrodactyly, and there is no radical method. There are two kinds of giant fingers, one is static, that is to say, it is bigger at birth, but it will not develop again. This is better and the treatment effect is better; The other is dynamic, which will continue to grow and affect nearby fingers. This situation is more common. In terms of treatment, because most of the thumb is incurable, it will grow all the time and even affect the nearby fingers, so removing the thumb is also a common method. For the reconstruction after excision, different schemes are designed according to the number of amputated fingers and the influence on hand function. At present, there is no good method to treat macrodactyly, and there is no radical method. There are two kinds of giant fingers, one is static, that is to say, it is bigger at birth, but it will not develop again. This is better and the treatment effect is better; The other is dynamic, which will continue to grow and affect nearby fingers. This situation is more common. In terms of treatment, because most of the thumb is incurable, it will grow all the time and even affect the nearby fingers, so removing the thumb is also a common method. For the reconstruction after excision, different schemes are designed according to the number of amputated fingers and the influence on hand function.

Macrodactyly is a congenital malformation characterized by the increase of the volume of fingers or toes, and the incidence of congenital malformation of limbs is very low, about 0.9%. Because of its low incidence, there are few clinical literature records about the disease, and most of them are sporadic case reports, lacking understanding and understanding of the disease system and treatment guidelines. On the basis of clinical practice, the author has collected a wide range of literature reports and related materials about the disease, which are summarized as follows, in order to have reference significance for clinical work.

This disease was first proposed by von Klein. The thumb includes phalanges or phalanges, tendons, nerves, blood vessels, subcutaneous fat, nails and skin, but whether it includes metacarpals or metatarsals is still controversial. The difference and connection between the big toe and the big toe is the focus of current research. It is found that fat and twisted digital nerve are common in toe, while the enlargement of soft tissue and bone tissue is the main clinical manifestation of toe, and nerve involvement is rare. The incidence of this disease in limbs is very low. Barsky reported that 7 of 64 cases had bilateral limb involvement. Cricken thinks that the big toe accounts for 16.7% of the total reporting rate. Barsky found that the incidence of multiple big toes involved in the same patient was twice as high as that of big toes, while Minguella reported that in 10 cases, 6 big toes only involved a single finger, while 4 big toes involved multiple toes in 7 cases. The incidence of syndactyly is about 65438 00%. The incidence of thumb finger decreased in order of index finger, middle finger, thumb, ring finger and little finger. The affected finger often occurs on the palm side, and it is also reported that it occurs on the back side. For macrodactyly, toe 1, toe 2 and toe 3 are often complicated with toe deformity, and the second toe has the highest incidence. Kotwal and others believe that the incidence of metatarsal involvement is low. However, it is often reported that 12 of 7 patients with foot are affected by metatarsal bone. It was found that the incidence of metatarsal hypertrophy was above 50% in all studies, and the incidence of metatarsal hypertrophy was higher than that of metacarpal. At the same time, the incidence of this disease in men is slightly higher than that in women. Studies have reported that the chromosomes of this disease are normal. However, Yin Zhijiang and others reported 4 cases of hereditary macrodactyly in a family, all of which were transmitted by men without hemangioma or neurofibroma, presumably related to chromosomal abnormalities.

It should be emphasized that true macrodactyly does not include local hypertrophy related to some diseases, such as Proteus syndrome, neurofibromatosis, Ollier disease (congenital multiple endogenous chondromatosis), Mafucci disease, hypertrophic capillary hemangioma syndrome of bone and congenital lymphedema.