Peach trees belong to small deciduous trees of Prunus in Rosaceae. Flowers are solitary, pink, bloom in March and April, and the first leaf opens. Fruit ripens from June to September. Peach tree has strong adaptability to life, simple cultivation, dark reddish brown bark and scaly skin, which looks pale, simple and vigorous. Peach tree is one of the eighteen bachelors of bonsai, which has been made into potted plants for a long time. It is a high-quality potted tree species for viewing flowers and fruits.
The following aspects should be paid attention to when making peach blossom bonsai:
First, the first is variety selection. Peach trees can be divided into nectarine, flat peach and longevity peach. At present, nectarines and flat peaches are generally used as cash crops, and as bonsai, the best variety should be Shouxing peach. Shouxing peach is one of the most suitable varieties for potted plants, with short plants, height of 30- 100 cm, extremely short internodes, dense flower buds, double petals, red, pink, white and compound colors. If several kinds are grafted together, bloom will be colorful and colorful.
Second, the choice of flower pots. Peaches have strong germination ability. Generally, one-year-old seedlings are put in pots and bloom in the same year. You can see the results in the second year. The matching basin can be a plain pouring basin, a purple sand basin or a wooden basin. Pot soil should be mixed with loose and breathable humus soil and garden soil. Check whether the bottom of the flowerpot is unobstructed before putting the pot, and then cover the hole with the convex surface of the broken pot piece to avoid soil leakage or blockage. When planting, the roots should be stretched and closely connected with the soil. The planting depth should just cover the original soil surface of the seedlings, and the interface should be exposed. Pot soil should be filled to 80% soil, which is convenient for watering. After putting the pot, water it.
Third, peach tree modeling. The tree type should be novelty, novelty, beauty and generosity, with exposed roots, dense branches and compact plant shape. There are three common tree types:
Straight-stem type: the trunk is single-stem, tall and straight, with distinct layers, evenly distributed fruits and a sense of tall and straight.
Curly and dry type: The trunk bends upward in zigzag, mostly in two layers, which looks like a Youlong.
Inclined trunk type: the trunk is inclined, generally slightly curved, and the crown is inclined to one side and outside the basin, which is interesting.
Fourth, plastic trimming. Plastic pruning, including winter pruning, summer pruning and thinning flowers and fruits. The main purpose of pruning in winter is to maintain the tree shape, prevent excessive spread and development, and determine the fruiting branches. The pruning amount is often more than half. Common techniques include shrinkage, thinning and cutting. The purpose of summer pruning is to prevent overgrowth and promote flower bud differentiation. Common methods include sprouting (erasing one of competing branches, latent branches and double sprouting branches at a node), coring (suitable for flourishing branches of flourishing trees, which can be carried out many times depending on their growth), cutting branches and twisting tips (suitable for vigorous upright branches), ring cutting and root cutting. Thinning flowers and fruits is mainly aimed at too dense flowers and fruits. Potted peach blossoms are abundant. If the flowers and fruits are not thinned, the nutrient consumption will be too large, the tree will weaken, the flowers and fruits will fall, and even no fruit will be produced.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) maintenance management.
1, lighting. Peach trees are light-loving trees. When the light is insufficient, it is easy to cause long branches and leaves, poor flower bud quality and heavy flowers and fruits. Therefore, the peach blossom bonsai should be placed in a well-lit place. It is best to raise the basin a little to avoid water and rotten roots in the basin.
2. water. Peach trees need a lot of water in the growing season, so it is necessary to supply enough water under the condition of ensuring no water in the basin. In the middle and late July, potted peaches should be treated with drought to promote flower bud differentiation. The method is to control watering until the branches wither, and then water for 7- 15 days.
3. Fertilize. The amount of fertilization depends on the growth of potted peaches. The amount of nitrogen fertilizer should be controlled if potted peaches bear no fruit or little fruit, and the amount of nitrogen fertilizer should be added to the weak trees. Before flowering, 1-2 times of fertilizer water should be applied, and the amount of potassium fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer should be increased at the fruiting stage.
4. Protecting flowers and fruits In order to reduce the flowering and fruiting of potted peaches, attention should be paid to pollination and thinning flowers and fruits. Borax can be sprayed during flowering. Spraying NAA at fruit stage can improve fruit setting rate.
5, pest control mainly pay attention to the prevention and control of peach perforation, aphids, peach fruit fly and pear fruit borer.
Peach tree is a kind of light-loving tree with strong branches and rapid growth. If the management is not good, it is easy to grow in vain, which will affect the light, cause the dead branches to be empty, and as a result, the trees will move out, leading to premature aging and reducing the ornamental value. Therefore, it is very important to take measures related to pruning, especially in summer.
Peach bonsai trees are short, leafy and winding; Colorful, charming and fascinating; Fruits are different in shape and bright red in color, emitting a faint scent and intoxicating. Peach bonsai symbolizes "longevity and good fortune". If you can put a pot of fruitful flat peach bonsai at the birthday party and bless your relatives and friends, it will not only add a festive atmosphere to your birthday, but also add a taste of life. It can also be placed in squares, parks and other places in combination with other fruit tree bonsai, which can not only beautify the environment, but also add a beautiful scenery to festive festivals. It can also be placed on balconies, bedrooms and meeting places to beautify life and cultivate sentiment.