First, ceramic materials.
Ceramic materials include biologically inert ceramics and bioactive ceramics. It has high mechanical strength, strong corrosion resistance, no irritation and toxicity, and strong compatibility with tissues. At present, it is also better in clinical use.
Second, carbon materials.
Carbon materials include glassy carbon, low temperature isotropic carbon and so on. The biological advantages of carbon materials are high stability and non-biodegradability.
Third, metal alloy materials.
Metal alloy materials include cast cobalt-chromium alloy, titanium alloy, etc. Their advantages are good strength and stiffness, but their disadvantages are poor biomechanical adaptability and tissue and bone adaptability.
Fourth, polymer materials.
Polymer materials include acrylate, polytetrafluoroethylene, etc. Some polymer materials are similar in chemical structure to natural polymers in human body structure, but they are easily degraded and stimulated by biology.