1. Cutting method: From March to April, when the leaf buds are about the size of wheat grains, one month before cutting, select long annual branches from Chimonanthus praecox and cut off the top. When grafting, cut the scion into 6-7 cm long, obliquely cut the back of the bud at 1 cm under the scion and cut off 2/3 xylem. The inclined plane is 3-5 cm long, and the inclined plane is required to be straight. Then, cut the slope with a length of 1cm on the back of the slope to form a wedge shape, leave 1-2 pairs of buds on the scion, and cut into a wedge shape to slightly expose the xylem.
The rootstock is 2-3 years old Chimonanthus praecox, and 4-5 years old seedlings can also be used. Cut the rootstock 3-5 cm above the ground, select a place with smooth skin thickness, flatten the rootstock, and then cut it vertically 3-4 cm at the place with slightly xylem in the cortex. Insert the long inclined plane of the scion into the xylem of the rootstock, so that the cambium on both sides of the inclined plane of the scion is closely aligned with the cambium on both sides of the incision of the rootstock. Then tie it, coat the joint with soil, and seal the scion with loose and moist fine soil.
2. Abdominal grafting method: annual branches are used as scions with 2-3 pairs of buds and the length is 8- 10 cm. The part to be grafted on the rootstock with the stem diameter of 1.5-2 cm is obliquely cut with a knife to reach13 of the thickness of the rootstock, and the cutting length is 2-3 cm. Cut an inclined plane with a length of 1 cm on the back of this section, then gently push the rootstock by hand, insert the scion, make the long section close to the xylem of the rootstock, align the two cambered surfaces, and finally tie the joint tightly with plastic strips.
3. Bud grafting method: it can be carried out from April to165438+10. Plum seedlings are selected as rootstocks, branches of Chimonanthus praecox with excellent varieties are selected as cuttings, and the leaves on the branches fall off. Select axillary buds with wooden handles, 2 cm long and 1 cm wide, cut off xylem and put them in the mouth for grafting. Cut an axillary bud from the lower part of the rootstock, put the grafted bud into the bud slot of the rootstock, and wrap it with film tape. The wound can heal in 7~ 10 days.
Extended data:
Chimonanthus praecox, also known as Chimonanthus praecox, is also known as Jinmei, Chimonanthus praecox, Chimonanthus praecox, Wax Wood, Hemp Seed, Stone Herbal Tea, Tang Mei and Xiangmei. It is a traditional and precious ornamental flower with a long cultivation history and rich wintersweet culture, and it is a specialty of China. Li Shangyin, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, called wintersweet cold plum, and wrote a poem "Knowing the cold plum on the wild pond". Yao's Remnant Pieces is also called Cold Plum.
Because it is open in winter, it is also called winter plum. Chimonanthus praecox is the first flower among all flowers before spring, especially the tiger-hoofed plum, which blooms in October of the lunar calendar, so it is called early plum. Chimonanthus praecox flowers first and then leaves, and flowers and leaves don't meet. When Chimonanthus praecox blooms, its branches are thinner, so it is also called dried plum. On the day when Chimonanthus praecox blooms, it mostly snows, so I want to enjoy Chimonanthus praecox. After it snows, I come from the snow, so it is also called Xue Mei. It is also called winter plum because wintersweet blooms in early winter and bears fruit in late winter, which is accompanied by winter.
Chimonanthus praecox was born in the mountains. Chimonanthus praecox likes sunshine, is resistant to shade, cold, drought and waterlogging. Chimonanthus praecox blooms proudly in frosty and snowy days, with yellow flowers like wax and fragrant smell. It is the main ornamental flower in winter. Afraid of wind and cold, it can safely overwinter when the temperature is not lower than-15℃. It can be cultivated in the open field in the south of Beijing, and the flowers will be frozen when the flowering period meets the low temperature of-10℃.
It grows well on the slightly acidic sandy loam with deep, fertile and loose soil layer and good drainage, but it grows poorly on the saline-alkali soil. Strong drought tolerance and fear of waterlogging, so it is not suitable for planting in low-lying areas. Trees have strong growth potential, vigorous branches and easy roots to sprout. Resistant to pruning and easy to shape. Flowers bloom first and then leaves, and the flowering period is 165438+ 10 to March of the following year, and it matures in July and August.
References:
Baidu encyclopedia-Chimonanthus praecox