/kloc-the appearance of natural landscape gardens in Britain in the 0/8th century changed the thousand-year history of Europe ruled by regular gardens, and it was an extremely profound revolution in the field of western garden art.
1. The influence of literature and art
2. The influence of physical geography and climate
3. The influence of industrial economy
4. The influence of worship and yearning for China gardens and culture.
The Historical Background of Natural Landscape Architecture in Britain
1. The influence of literature and art
At that time, poets, painters and aesthetes developed the belief of respecting nature. They think that conventional gardens are a distortion of nature, while landscape gardens are an expression of natural feelings. This laid a theoretical foundation for the emergence of landscape architecture.
The Historical Background of Natural Landscape Architecture in Britain
2. The influence of physical geography and climate
(1) When France's Lenotel gardening craze rose in Europe, Britain was rarely affected. There are two reasons: 1 is the inherent conservatism of the British; 2) In order to build the grand effect of Lenotel style on the hilly terrain in England, it is necessary to make great efforts to transform the terrain and the cost is high.
(2) In the rainy and humid climate in Britain, it is very conducive to the growth of plants, and the pruning of trees requires more labor.
The Historical Background of Natural Landscape Architecture in Britain
3. The influence of industrial economy
(1)1In the middle of the 4th century, the streamline of the Black Death, 1/3 Population decrease → agricultural structure change → animal husbandry development → wool spinning development → animal husbandry development → changed the rural landscape and features of Britain.
(2)16th century, the development of industrial revolution → the lack of fuel and building materials → the decree prohibiting deforestation was promulgated → 12 trees, including oak trees → the forest landscape in Britain was protected.
(3)18th century, the rotation system of pasture and crops → rural landscape changed.
The Historical Background of Natural Landscape Architecture in Britain
4. The influence of worship and yearning for China gardens and culture.
Although many British people were keen to pursue the style of China gardens at that time, they could only take part of it.
The difference between China Gardens and British Natural Landscape Gardens: China Gardens originated from nature and are higher than nature, which highly summarizes nature and embodies poetic meaning. British landscape architecture imitates and reproduces nature. Opponents think that there is no difference between landscape gardens and rural scenery.
The Historical Background of Natural Landscape Architecture in Britain
The idea of natural gardening in Britain originated in the circles of politicians, thinkers and literati. They laid a theoretical foundation for the formation of landscape gardens, and with the help of their social influence, once natural landscape gardens were formed, they spread widely and had far-reaching influence.
I recommend reading Zhiruo's History of Western Gardens.
Photo courtesy: QQ: 4 1564042 1 Note: History of Western Gardens.