The forms of garden green space can be divided into three categories: regular, natural and mixed.

I. Regular gardens

Also known as integral form, architecture, pattern or geometric garden. Western gardens, from Egypt, Greece and Rome to the appearance of British landscape gardens in18th century, are mainly regular gardens, which are represented by Italian terraced architecture gardens in Renaissance and Rainotte landscape gardens in17th century. This kind of garden takes architecture and architectural space layout as the main theme of landscape performance.

Beijing Tiananmen Square Garden, Dalian Stalin Square Garden, Nanjing Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum Garden and Beijing Tiantan Park all belong to formal gardens.

Characteristics of conventional gardens:

1. Terrain: In the plain area, it consists of different levels and gentle slopes; In mountainous and hilly areas, it consists of stepped horizontal platforms, inclined planes and stone steps of different sizes.

2. Water body design: contour corridors are all geometric figures; Most of them use neat revetment, garden waterscape and plastic pool type, wall spring, plastic waterfall and canal, among which fountain is often the theme of waterscape.

3. Architectural layout: The garden not only adopts the design of symmetrically balancing the central axis for single buildings, but also adopts the method of symmetrically balancing the central axis for the layout of buildings and large buildings, and controls the whole garden with the main axis and the auxiliary axis in the form of main buildings and secondary buildings.

4. Road Square: The outline of the open space and square in the garden is geometric. The enclosed lawn and square space are surrounded by symmetrical buildings or regular forest belts and tree walls. Roads are all composed of straight lines, lines or geometric curves, forming a grid-like or annular radial geometric layout with symmetrical or asymmetrical central axes.

5. Planting design: The flower arrangement in the garden is mainly flower beds and flower borders with patterns as the theme, and sometimes it is arranged into large flower beds. Trees are mainly arranged in determinant and symmetry, and hedges and green walls are widely used to divide and organize space. Trees modeling pruning mainly simulates architectural modeling and animal modeling, such as green columns, green towers, green doors, green pavilions and birds and animals trimmed with evergreen trees.

6. Other scenery in the park: In addition to buildings, flower beds, conventional water features and a large number of fountains, the rest are often dominated by potted trees, potted flowers, vase ornaments and statues. The base of the statue is regular, and the position of the statue is mostly arranged at the beginning, end or intersection of the axis.

Formal gardens give people the feeling of grandeur, neatness and solemnity.

Second, the natural garden

Also known as landscape gardens, irregular gardens and landscape gardens. The gardens in China, starting from the Zhou and Qin Dynasties with historical records, are mostly natural landscape gardens, whether large-scale royal gardens or small-scale private gardens. Among the classical gardens, the Summer Palace, Three Seas Garden, chengde mountain resort, Humble Administrator's Garden and Liuyuan are the representatives. China's natural landscape gardens began to influence Japanese gardens in the Tang Dynasty, and were introduced to Britain in the second half of the18th century, which led to the innovation movement of classical formalism in European gardens. Guangzhou Yuexiu Park, Liuhua Lake Park, Orchid Garden and West Garden are all natural gardens.

Characteristics of natural gardens:

1. Terrain: Plain area, where the terrain is a combination of natural undulating gentle terrain and some artificially sharpened natural undulating mounds, and its cross section is a gentle curve. In mountainous and hilly areas, natural landforms are used, except for buildings and square bases, and the original broken landforms are also manually arranged to make them natural.

2. Water body: its outline is a natural curve, and the river bank is inclined with various natural curves. If there is a revetment, it is also a natural rock revetment. The types of garden waterscape are mainly streams, rivers, natural waterfalls, ponds and lakes. Waterfalls are usually the theme of waterscape.

3. Architecture: The single buildings in the garden are symmetrical or asymmetrical, while the buildings and large buildings are asymmetrical. The whole park is not controlled by the axis, but by the continuity of the main guiding lines.

4. Road Square: the open space in the garden and the open grassland and square with closed natural outline, surrounded by asymmetric buildings, earth mountains, natural trees and forest belts. The plane and section of the road are composed of natural undulating plane lines and vertical curves.

5. Planting design: Planting in the garden cannot determine the natural beauty of natural plant communities. Flower arrangement is mainly based on flowers and plants, and there is no need for patterned flower beds. Trees are mainly planted with isolated trees, shrubs and Woods, hedges are trimmed irregularly, and natural shrubs, trees and trees are used to divide and organize garden space. Tree modeling does not simulate the figure of architectural birds and beasts, but mainly simulates the ancient trees in nature.

6. Other scenery in the park: In addition to buildings, natural landscapes and plant communities, rocks, fake stones, piles, bonsai and sculptures are still the main scenery, among which the pedestal of the statue is natural and the position of the statue is mostly arranged at the focus of the perspective line.

Natural gardens have a long history in China, and most classical gardens are natural gardens. It is reflected in the fact that tourists stay at home, just like being in nature and traveling around famous mountains and rivers. Chengde mountain resort, for example, is a park with gardens in the north and south of China, where you can enjoy various styles of garden landscapes. There are many pictures of natural gardens, so I only choose a few for you to enjoy.

Third, mixed gardens.

In the garden, if the proportion of regular garden and natural garden is similar, it can be called mixed garden. Such as Guangzhou Martyrs Cemetery. In the garden rules, the original flat terrain can be planned into a regular pattern, the original undulating terrain can be planned into a natural pattern, the water surface of hills can be planned into a natural pattern, and the trees can be planned into a regular pattern. Large-scale gardens, natural patterns are appropriate, and small areas are more economical. If the surrounding environment is regular, it is planned to be regular, and if the surrounding environment is natural, it is planned to be natural. Boulevard, street garden of building square, etc. It should be regular style. The green space in front of residential areas, institutions, factories, gymnasiums and large buildings should be mixed.

Guangzhou Tianhe Space Wonder is a mixed garden.

I think schools are different from ordinary gardens, for example, students go to and from school, the flow of people is large, and large venues are needed for recess and large-scale activities. Therefore, the greening design of the school should be mixed and matched, not only with traditional garden style, but also with large activity venues reserved. This style is very common in big schools.

Pavilions, terraces, buildings and pavilions in gardens; Stone benches, tables and rattan frames for sketch; The lotus planted in the pond has a typical China garden flavor.

Suzhou's classical gardens and folk houses are integrated, which can be appreciated, visited and lived. The formation of this architectural form is a creation that human beings attach themselves to nature, pursue harmony with nature, beautify and improve their living environment in a densely populated city lacking natural scenery. Humble Administrator's Garden, Lingering Garden, Master's Garden and Huanxiu Mountain Villa are four classical gardens with complete architectural types and well-preserved. They systematically and comprehensively show the layout, structure, shape, style, color, decoration, furniture and furnishings of Suzhou classical garden buildings. They are representative works of Jiangnan folk architecture in Ming and Qing Dynasties (14-early 20th century) and reflect this period. It once influenced the architectural style of the whole city in the south of the Yangtze River, and brought the design, conception, layout, aesthetics and construction technology of folk buildings closer to it, reflecting the scientific and technological level and artistic achievements of urban construction at that time.

An important feature of Suzhou classical garden is that it is not only the product of history and culture, but also the carrier of China traditional thought and culture. It is manifested in the naming, plaque, calligraphy, carving and decoration of the garden hall, as well as the meaning of flowers and trees and the love of stacked stones. It is not only a beautiful art that adorns the garden, but also stores many historical, cultural, ideological and scientific information, material and spiritual contents. Some reflect and spread various philosophical concepts and schools of thought such as Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism; Some preach the philosophy of life and cultivate noble sentiments; With the help of classical poems and literary works, the landscape is embellished, germinated and rendered, so that people can turn the landscape into feelings in their lives and sightseeing, produce artistic beauty and obtain spiritual satisfaction. The park has a well-preserved collection of calligraphy works by famous calligraphers in China, which is a precious work of art and has high cultural value. In addition, Suzhou Classical Garden, as the first house garden in China, reflects the life style and etiquette of folk living and leaving their relatives in the south of the Yangtze River in ancient China, and is the material for understanding and studying the folk customs in the south of the Yangtze River in ancient China.