As a unique writing system in China, antithetical couplets are the most economical and quintessential literature and art, with endless interest and precious culture worth cherishing.
Couplets are produced because our language is monosyllabic and the words are single-line. According to Ci Hai, this paper explains the origin of Ci Hai: people are connected with each other, and two things are relative, such as father, son and filial piety, those connected with each other, such as the beauty of the country, the beauty of the country, and those connected with each other, such as Chunhua Qiushi. Duality is a rhetorical device formed by this natural trend. This method has been used in the Six Classics and other hundred schools of thought for a long time, and it is difficult to complement each other, and the length is consistent, the height is consistent, and the sound is consistent. Later, such as poetry, prose, etc., this method is often used to form couplets.
The legend of Spring Festival couplets evolved from the symbol of peach, namely Yichun Post. At the beginning of the Five Dynasties, Meng Changjun, the master of Shu, wrote the title "Come in the New Year and spend the Spring Festival in Changchun". Later generations followed his style and habits. Later, couplets were hung on famous mountains, pavilions and pavilions, and learning from each other became a common practice, so the application scope was greatly promoted. There are traces of poets and writers in ceremonies, banquets and drama stages, and they are disgusted with their creation. If you add calligraphy, it is a good couplet, which reflects each other and is beautiful.
According to Mr. Liao Zhichun's pen name "sheep ranch", the format of couplets is as follows: the first couplet: flat; Bottom line: flat set. The requirements of couplets are: the works are stable, smooth and harmonious, the parts of speech are consistent, the writing is ingenious, the writing is elegant and the artistic conception is beautiful.
Duality and duality are the knowledge of Chinese studies that China people must know, and they are eye-catching when applied in life, so they are necessary questions for learning and testing. For example, 9 1 initial test, question 30: the number of words in the upper and lower couplets must be the same, and the parts of speech must be the same. From this feature, what is the most appropriate word to fill in "Astronomical Wonderland Meteor Shower, Earth"? Elegy of discoloration disaster
1992 question 43: an incomplete antithesis sentence: "Chunshu in Weibei" represents the hiding place of the meatball monster. According to the condition of duality, which of the following is the most likely position? ⊙A⊙ Tanaka ⊙B⊙ Chishang ⊙ Nan 'ao ⊙D⊙ Zhubei.
In teaching, we often encounter such problems. For example, the third revision exam this semester, question 33: An "oil rice" box has an advertising couplet of "Happy Nongzhang, Brilliant Phoenix". The following is Aya's interpretation. Please see where she is wrong. The number of words in the upper and lower couplets of < a > must be equal to < b > noun to noun, verb to verb > c > > > > > >12297.
Zeng's bookstore has opened, and he wants to hang a couplet. Which is the most suitable? [a] All the customers who have arrived are regular customers, so there should be no scratches. [b] Living in a dusty place is a unique plan, and meeting unexpectedly is the strangest thing. [C] Calligraphy Books on calligraphy are all literary and artistic, and they are all literati when talking and laughing. (d) three steps to getting started, leaving home is light. This kind of topic is very interesting to explain, because students can be asked where other options can be hung and explained. The following question is the same: which of the following couplets is the most inappropriate? < a > give me my true colors and love him. Old style plastic surgery < b > Anyone who can carve a swan with an iron pen can carve a gold seal into an engraving shop. < c > I hope the world can tolerate it, but this place will be better than a shoe store. < d > gold inlaid with jade is inlaid with fine seams, and the full moon flower is incomplete, so the dentist's office is safe.
Teachers in our school cooperate with Spring Festival couplets and local buildings to make propositions, such as: Which of the following Spring Festival couplets is misplaced? < a > Fu Lushou's three-star arch shines, and heaven and earth are integrated with spring. Days increase people's life span. The prosperity of the rich industry is blessed. ↓D↓ Ren Yunxi Spring Festival travel rush Chong, financial resources revitalize Liyuantong. Another question: please help "universal prosperity" find the corresponding bottom line. A ↓ Poems and books help the world ↓B↓ Ten thousand families turn around ↓C↓ Loyalty and righteousness have been handed down by the family for a long time. Also: "The island is blessed with the sun, the goddess of Meizhou, and Pingfan of Nanyue". In which temple will you see this couplet? > a > Zheng Chenggong Temple > b > Tianhou Palace > c > Changli Temple > d > Fude Temple.
Judging from these topics, it seems that in addition to the distinction between parts of speech, students should also be taught to distinguish between flat and parallel words. A simple and practical way to distinguish is that the level tone is usually the first and second phonetic symbols of Chinese characters attached to the left side of couplets facing spring, and the elevation is usually the third and fourth phonetic symbols and entering tone attached to the right side of couplets facing spring. Among them, the method of distinguishing Rusheng characters is to pronounce them in Hakka or Taiwanese, and the short and heavy ones are. Therefore, if the last words in the two pictures are the first sound and the second sound, you must read them in your mother tongue to see if they are entering tones.
Throughout the ages, interesting couplets abound, including the so-called first long couplet, which is as long as 180 words. According to legend, it was written by Sun Ranweng in Daguanlou, Kunming in Qing Dynasty. The first part: 500-mile Dianchi Lake, running to the fundus, hanging on the shore, endless joy, you see: God is embedded in the east, spirit is in the west, music is in the north, and flowers are in the south. A master of rhyming, why don't you choose to win the game and take up all the crabs, snails and three spring willows; The second part: a thousand years ago, remember to my heart, sigh who is the hero? Thinking: Han Xi Louchuan, Tang Biao Iron Column, Song Huiyu Axe, Yuan Yue Leather Bag. Wei Lie made great contributions, tried his best to move mountains, painted buildings with bead curtains, and the volume was not as good as that of dusk rain. The so-called embedded couplets (such as the first couplet: Fei Wuji, Sun Chang Wuji, Gong Wuji, I am also unscrupulous; Bottom line: Lin Xiangru and Sima Xiangru have different names, and so on. There are also so-called two-character couplets, such as: long, long, long, long, long, line, line.
Recently, there are two pieces of news about couplets in the newspaper. First, there are people in Nanning, Guangxi who take "chatting with others" as their occupation, meeting the needs of some people with empty hearts. Some people scoff and send couplets to scold a 20-year-old boy who takes this as his profession. The first part is "loyalty, filial piety, courtesy, benevolence and sincerity", and the second part is "1234567". It goes without saying to laugh at his moral character. < 92. 1 1.20 United Daily News > Secondly, the writer Li Ao had an operation on prostate cancer. He wrote a couplet about his state of mind: "You are quick when you make a knife, the people are quick, the enemy is quick first, and the relatives are quick later;" Live up to your youthful head, the prodigal son turns back, and you suffer for your big head. " Do not change its conceit and heroism. < 92. 1 1.25 United Daily News >
There has always been a single-sentence antithetical couplet that requires a related sentence, called "Pian Yu", which often beats many talented people and celebrities. The most famous couplet is "Shanghai tap water comes from the sea". Mr. Huang, the consultant of Yunlin County Government, publicly asked for downlinking, so these downlinking appeared: stormy nights, rainstorms, small blue pills, yellow sunset on Huangshan Mountain, Zhongshan phonograph leaving the mountain halfway, and the mountain was broken. According to Liao Zhichun, the presiding judge, these works are not in conformity, because the orientation of the last word is the most difficult to find, and there are only five orientations: "East, West, South, Middle, Front and Head". Although no one deserves it so far, I believe there will be a wonderful couple one day. You are very clever. Would you like to try?