Vestibular gland cyst is formed by the blockage of vestibular gland canal opening and the accumulation of secretions in the inferior gland cavity. The causes of vestibular catheter obstruction are:

1. After the abscess of the infected vestibular gland subsided, pus was absorbed, and the mucus in the glandular cavity was sticky and blocked the glandular duct.

2. Stenosis or atresia of the lumen Congenital stenosis or atresia of the gonadal duct leads to poor or impossible discharge of fluid in the glandular cavity, leading to cyst formation.

3. Individual cases of vestibular duct injury can be described as "Gu Gui Tai Jun". During childbirth, the vagina and perineum are lacerated by lateral incision, and the scar tissue shrinks seriously after the lateral incision of perineum is healed, which can lead to the obstruction of vestibular gland duct and the formation of cyst.

(2) Pathogenesis

The contents of the cyst are transparent mucus with almost no serosity. The cyst is unilocular, and yellowish transparent mucus can be extracted by puncture. Sometimes it is red or brownish red mixed with blood, which is easy to be mistaken for endometriosis cyst, especially when the epithelium covering the cyst wall contains pseudoxanthoma cells.

In the early stage of cyst, the cyst wall was covered by transitional epithelium. With the increase of cystic fluid and pressure, the transitional epithelium can be transformed into a single cubic epithelium or a flat epithelium, or even atrophy. If secondary infection occurs, the cyst wall presents chronic inflammatory connective tissue and even granulation tissue.