Bedrock island
Islands composed of bedrock account for more than 90% of the total number of islands in China. They are controlled by the Neocathaysian tectonic system, and most of them are NNE, island or archipelago.
Regular distribution. Taiwan Province Island and Hainan Island are the two largest bedrock islands in China.
Taiwan Province, the island of Taiwan Province Province, covers an area of 35,780 square kilometers and is the largest island in China. Mountains account for 2/3 of the whole island, and plains account for 1/3. The geological structure of Taiwan Province Island is located in the island arc zone of the western Pacific Ocean. From Oligocene to Pliocene, it returned to the young fold zone from the geosyncline, with strong neotectonic movement and frequent seismic activity. When the sea level was low during the Quaternary Ice Age, Taiwan Province Island was connected with the mainland. Topographically, Taiwan is a plain in the west and a mountain range in the east. The main mountain ranges are Taitung Coast Mountain, Central Mountain, Yushan Mountain and Alishan Mountain, among which the highest peak in Yushan Mountain is 3997 meters above sea level. The whole island and mountains are in the northeast direction. There are many faults in river development. The turbid water stream forms the alluvial plain in Tainan, the largest snail in Taiwan Province Province, and the freshwater stream forms the Pingtung Plain. The east coast of Taiwan Province Province is a fault coast with straight coastline and steep cliffs.
Hainan Island Hainan Island covers an area of 34,380 square kilometers and is the second largest island in China. Hainan Island is high in the middle and low around, and the water system is radial. Platform plains account for 65% of the total area, and mountains and hills account for 35%. The elevation of Wuzhishan, the main peak, is1867m. In the early and middle Pleistocene, Hainan Island was separated from Leizhou Peninsula. Basalt is widely distributed in the northern part of Hainan Island, with a complete crater. There are many typical sandbars and lagoons along the coast, and mangroves grow in the bay.
Other bedrock islands are distributed in the following areas:
① Coastal areas of Liaodong Peninsula. Changshan Archipelago is located in the southeast coast of Liaodong Peninsula, with more than 50 islands, which can be divided into three island groups: northern Shicheng Archipelago, including Shicheng Island and Wang Jia Islands; The southwest is Changshan Islands, including Changshan Island and Guanglu Island. To the south are Waichangshan Islands, including the island and Zhangzi Island. Among them, Dachangshan Island is the largest and the highest, with an altitude of 388 meters. The bedrock that constitutes Changshan Islands is Sinian-Cambrian strata. Restricted by the checkerboard structure, the arrangement of islands has certain rules. In addition, there are some small islands scattered in Liaodong Bay.
② Coastal areas of Shandong Peninsula. Miaodao islands, living in the Bohai Strait, has more than 30 islands, which can be divided into three island groups: the North Island Group includes the South and North Huangcheng Islands and Qinxiao Island; Among the islands, there are rocky islands and alpine islands. The South Island Group includes the South and North Changshan Island, the Big and Little Black Mountain Island and the Temple Island. Nanchangshan Island is the largest, with an area of 20.4 square kilometers. These islands are mainly composed of pre-Sinian metamorphic rocks, and the arrangement direction of the islands is consistent with the tectonic line, showing a NNE. In addition, there are Liu Gongdao, Tian Heng Island and Lingshan Island along the coast of Shandong Peninsula, and some land-bound islands such as Zhifu Island have also been developed.
③ Coastal areas of Zhejiang and Fujian. Zhoushan Archipelago is the largest archipelago in China, consisting of 1339 large and small islands, of which Zhoushan Island is the largest, with an area of 472 square kilometers, making it the fourth largest island in China. Followed by Liuheng Island, Zhujiajian Island Island, Putuo Island, Daishan Island and Sijiao Island. Archipelago is a seaward extension of Zhejiang-Fujian uplift belt, which is mainly composed of Mesozoic volcanic rocks. In addition to Zhoushan Islands, there are jiusan, Yushan, Nanji and Beiji Islands along the coast of Zhejiang. Fujian coastal areas mainly include Taishan, Siwei, Mazu, Baiquan and other islands.
④ South China coast. Wanshan Islands are located outside the Pearl River Estuary, with more than 150 islands, mainly including Hong Kong Island, Gaolan Island, Shangchuan Island and Xiachuan Island, Dangan Island and Wanshan Islands. These islands are mainly composed of Yanshanian granite. In addition, there are East China Sea, Weizhou Island, Weizhou Island, Sunset and other islands scattered along the coast of South China.
⑤ Sea area near Taiwan Province Province. Penghu Islands, located in the southern part of the Taiwan Province Strait, has 64 islands, which are divided into two groups: the south and the north. The North Island Group consists of Penghu, Fisherman and Baisha Island, forming Penghu Port. South Island Group includes Bajiao Island, Huayu Island and Dayu Island. Penghu Islands is a volcanic island mainly composed of basalt, surrounded by reefs. Diaoyu Island is located about 100 nautical mile northeast of Taiwan Province Province and consists of Diaoyu Island, Huangwei Island and chiwei yu. In addition, there are Green Island and Orchid Island.
Alluvial island
When rivers enter the sea, sediments often accumulate at the entrance, forming sand islands or alluvial islands.
Chongming Island is located at the mouth of the Yangtze River, covering an area of 65,438+0,083 square kilometers. It is the third largest island in China and the largest alluvial island in China. Before the 7th century A.D., Dongsha and Xisha appeared in the Changjiang Estuary, and then sandbars drifted. Chongming Island was developed on the basis of Changsha in16th century. Since 1950s, dams have been reinforced to stabilize the collapse. At the same time, land reclamation has expanded the area of Chongming Island by 80%. Changxing Island and hengsha island in the south of Chongming Island used to be a group of sandbars. Before 100 years ago, there were still several scattered estuarine swamps. /kloc-reclamation began in the second half of the 0/9th century. In the past twenty or thirty years, it has gradually become the status quo to build dams and artificially promote siltation.
Bailizhou, located in the first section of Jingjiang section in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, is the second largest alluvial island in China. Because the Weihe levee is 74 kilometers long and covers an area of 100, it is named Bailizhou. Bailizhou District was founded in 1955, and has been changed many times since then. 1998, the town was built from the countryside, with an area of 2 13 square kilometers. Now it has jurisdiction over 4 1 village (neighborhood) committees with a permanent population of nearly 654.38+10,000.
The sand island at the mouth of the Pearl River is either developed from the beach at the mouth of the river, or it is blocked by bedrock island and accumulated by sediment. At first, the entrance to the Pearl River Estuary was wide and there were sporadic sandbars. After reclamation and siltation, the estuary bundle is narrow, gradually forming the Pearl River Delta with vertical and horizontal estuaries. Nowadays, sand island is still expanding, especially 10,000 hectares of sand and lantern sand.
Sand islands on the west coast of Taiwan Province Province, Zhuoshui River on the west coast of Taiwan Province Province and several sand islands outside the Zengwenxi Delta are typical sand islands developed from estuarine sand mouths. Sand islands are distributed intermittently, and there is a lake between the interior and the land.
In addition, there are sand islands in the Luanhe River, the Yellow River and the Hanjiang River Delta.
Zhejiang Province is located in the East China Sea, east longitude 1 18 0 1' to 123 08', north latitude 27 0 1' to 3 10', with an area of/kloc-. There are many mountains and islands, with more than 2 100 islands, which is the province with the largest number of islands in China.
Coral reef island
Coral reef islands are mainly distributed in the South China Sea. After Miocene, submarine volcanoes erupted to form a series of volcanic reefs exposed to the sea, and reef-building corals grew around them to form reefs. Quaternary basin subsidence and sea level fluctuation made reefs evolve into barrier reefs and atolls. The South China Sea islands, consisting of islands, sands, reefs and beaches, include Dongsha, Zhongsha, Xisha, Nansha Islands and Huangyan Island (see South China Sea Islands).
According to estimates, about 90% of the islands are concentrated in Zhejiang, Fujian and Guangdong provinces and Liaoning, Shandong and Taiwan Province provinces, the number of which is second only to the above three provinces. Generally speaking, the island area of China is not too large. 90% of the islands are less than 1 square kilometer, and only 10 islands are larger than 100 square kilometer.
The following are the islands in China Ocean, excluding the islands in rivers and lakes (such as Heixiazi Island, Taiping Island in Yangzhong City, Nantai Island in Fuzhou City, Xidongting Mountain, Weishan Island, Bird Island in Qinghai Lake, Haixinshan, etc.). ).
Name Land Area (square kilometers)
Taiwan Province Island 36, 192, Hainan Island 33, 2 10, Chongming Island 124 1.2 1, Zhoushan Island 485 and Donghai Island 286.
Haitan Island 267. 13 (Haitan Island is the main island of Pingtan County and consists of 126 islands).
Dongshan Island/KOOC-0/94, Changxing Island/KOOC-0/55.5, Lantau Island/KOOC-0/47./KOOC-0/6, Shangchuan Island/KOOC-0/37./KOOC-0/7, Jinmen Island/KOOC-0/34.20.
Xiamen Island 132.5 1, Nansan Island 123.40, Daishan Island 108.99, Nan 'ao Island 105.24 and Liuheng Island 97.79.
Changxing Island is 87.86, Nantian Island is 86.37, Xiachuan Island is 8 1.73, Dahao Island is 80.84 and Hong Kong Island is 78.40.
Jintang Island 77.43, Qinheng Island 67.22, Longxue Island 65, Langqi Island 64.65, Penghu Island 64.24, Zhujiajian Island Island 63. 19, Qushan Island 59.94, Weizhou Island 49.89, hengsha island Island 49.26, Lan Yu Island 48.39 and Zini Island.
Rinan Island 45.08, Taohua Island 40.64, Caofeidian 40, Gaotang Island 39. 1 1, Dachang Tushan 33.56.
Hannah Quinlivan Island-Niyu Island is 30.38 (belonging to Longwan District and Dongtou County of Wenzhou City). In 2006, Lingni Dike (North Dike) will connect the two islands. In the future, after the completion of the South embankment, land will be reclaimed between the two embankments, with an area exceeding 100 square kilometers. Hannah Quinlivan Bridge connects the mainland), Shicheng Island 30.36, sandu island 29.57, damen island 28.69, Daxie Island 28.37 and Dongtou Island 28.
Meishan Island is 26.90, Guanglu Island is 26.77, Dachangshan Island is 25.69, Weizhou Island is 24.98 and Qi 'ao Island is 23.
Xiushan Island 22.88, Sijiaoshan 2 1.80. Taiyishan 2 1.50, Taizai-Sixth Ring Road 19.3 (Macau has been reclaimed and integrated. There are bridges connecting Macao Peninsula), Xiyu/KOOC-0/8.7/KOOC-0/,Island/KOOC-0/8.48, Fisherman Island/KOOC-0/8.2 (the second largest island in Penghu Islands), Xiaochangshan Island/KOOC-0/7.63 and Xiazhi Island/KOOC. Kloc-0/4. 1 (the third largest island in Penghu Islands), Wujiaozhou 13.84, Wang 'an Island 13.78 (the fourth largest island in Penghu Islands).
Lamma Island/KOOC-0/3.74, Zhulu Island/KOOC-0/3.67, Xiaochang Tushan/KOOC-0/3.6, Dangan Island/KOOC-0/3.49, Huaao Island/KOOC-0/3.37, and Nanchang Island/KOOC-0/0. Hebao Island 1 1.72, Juhua Island 1 1.7 1, Fu Yingdao 1 1.50, changbai island1/kloc-.
Editors of disputed islands
Diaoyu Island [China Island about180km northeast of Taiwan Province Province, China]
Diaoyu Island and its adjacent waters have belonged to China since ancient times, and have always been a place for fishermen in China to fish, collect herbs and take shelter from the wind. In the 19th year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty (1893), Empress Dowager Cixi awarded Diaoyutai, Huangweiyu and chiwei yu to Sheng Xuanhuai, who treated her, as an industry of medicine supply and demand. In the Official History of Ryukyu compiled by the Ryukyu Government, Shi Jian of Zhongshan introduced in detail the 36 islands to which Ryukyu belongs, and pointed out that its western boundary is Gumi Mountain, and Diaoyu Island, Huangweiyu Island, chiwei yu and other islands are not included. 1605 Japan sent troops to capture Ryukyu, and surveyed Ryukyu land in 16 10, without mentioning islands such as fishing. In the 50 years of Qing Qianlong (1785), Lin Shiping, a native of Sendai, painted a portrait of the Three Kingdoms, clearly showing the difference between Diaoyu Island and Ryukyu Islands in different colors. All areas belonging to Ryukyu are marked in Japanese, while islands such as Diaoyu Island are not.
1 August, 8941day, Japan declared war on the Qing government and the Sino-Japanese War broke out. 1On the morning of June 30th, 895, China and Japan signed the treaty of shimonoseki, and China ceded Taiwan Province Province, Penghu and its affiliated islands to Japan. Diaoyu Island is an affiliated island of Taiwan Province Province, which is within the scope of the treaty. 1945 Japan surrendered, and China, Britain and the United States issued the Postan Proclamation, which stipulated that Japan's main authority was limited to Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu and Shikoku, and all the islands in the Pacific captured or occupied by Japan were returned to China, including Diaoyu Island. However, the Diaoyu Islands and other islands were occupied by the US military as shooting ranges.
1968, a large oil field was discovered in the waters near the Diaoyu Islands, and Japan colluded with the United States in an attempt to occupy the Diaoyu Islands. 1969165438+1October, the United States and Japan reached an agreement and decided to return the Ryukyu Islands to Japanese control in 1972; At the same time, there are constant reports that the United States wants to hand over the Diaoyu Islands to Japan. On August 1970, a spokesman for the US Embassy in Japan said: "The Senkaku Islands near Formosa (that is, Taiwan Province Province) are considered to be part of the Ryukyu Islands and will be returned to Japan in the future." This caused a strong response from Chinese at home and abroad, and the fishing protection movement began to reach a climax. Under the pressure of public opinion, the State Council 197 1 issued a statement on April 9: "The administrative jurisdiction of the Senkaku Islands will be returned to Japan together with Ryukyu in 1972." However, he added: "Any dispute over the sovereignty of the Senkaku Islands should be resolved by both parties themselves or arbitrated by a third party, if both parties are willing." 1972 May 15 The United States officially handed over Ryukyu to Japan, and the Diaoyu Islands and other islands were also handed over.
When the sovereignty of the Diaoyu Islands was disputed, the Japanese government accelerated the pace of actual possession. Before the transfer of jurisdiction over the Ryukyu Islands, a sovereign monument was built on the Diaoyu Islands in July 1970, and an "unmanned meteorological observatory" was established on the island in June 1979. Later, hydrological stations and heliports were successively established on the island. /kloc-On the morning of September, the Japanese government held a cabinet meeting and decided to "nationalize" Diaoyu Island, North Island and South Island from the so-called "landowners" for 2.05 billion yen.
On 20 12 9 10, the government of China issued a statement, announcing the territorial sea baseline of Diaoyu Island and its affiliated islands. Later, the China government sent law enforcement vessels to cruise in this sea area, breaking the so-called "actual control" of Japan.
On September 6th, 20 12, the State Oceanic Administration of China published the geographical coordinates of Diaoyu Island and some of its affiliated islands on its website: [1].
1. Diaoyu Island is 25 44.6' north latitude and123 28.4' east longitude.
2. Longtouyu Island is 25 45 ′ north latitude and123 29.2 ′ east longitude.
3. Pomfret Island is located at 25 44.0 ′ north latitude and123 27.6 ′ east longitude.
4. Dahuangyu is 25 44.4 ′ north latitude and123 28.6 ′ east longitude.
5. Little Yellow Croaker Island is 25 44.4 ′ north latitude and123 29.0 ′ east longitude.
6. Money Fish Island is 25 44.4 ′ north latitude and123 29.3 ′ east longitude.
7. Money Fish West Island is 25 44.4 ′ north latitude and123 29.3 ′ east longitude.
8. Meitongyu is 25 44.4 ′ north latitude and123 29.3 ′ east longitude.
9. The host city of PR Newswire is 25 44.4 ′ north latitude and123 29.3 ′ east longitude.
10. the west island of meitongyu is 25 44.4 ′ north latitude and123 29.3 ′ east longitude.
1 1. Longwangnapu Island is located at 25 44.5 ′ north latitude and123 29.4 ′ east longitude.
12. The west island of Longwangsi Balesi is 25 44.5 ′ north latitude and123 29.4 ′ east longitude.
13. The east island of Sparus longwangensis is 25 44.4 ′ north latitude and123 29.4 ′ east longitude.
14. The south island of Sparus longwangensis is 25 44.4 ′ north latitude and123 29.4 ′ east longitude.
15. Huangguyu is 25 44.5' north latitude and123 29.5' east longitude.
16. Huangweiyu is 25 55.4' N and123 40.9' E.
17. Dolphin Island is 25 55.8 ′ north latitude and123 40.7 ′ east longitude.
18. dazhu island is 25 55.6' north latitude and123 40.7' east longitude.
19. Zhuxiao Island is located at 25 55.6' N and123 40.7' E.
20. Upper Huya Island is located at 25 55.7 ′ north latitude and123 41.0 ′ east longitude.
2 1. Lower Huya Island is 25 55.8 ′ north latitude and123 41.1′ east longitude.
22.Xi Niu Jiao Island is located at 25 55.6' north latitude and123 41.1'east longitude.
23. Dongniujiao Island is 25 55.6 ′ north latitude and123 41.1′ east longitude.
24. Huangniu Island is 25 55.6 ′ north latitude and123 41.1′ east longitude.
25. Port Shelter Island is 25 55.6 ′ north latitude and123 41.2 ′ east longitude.
26. Niuti Island is 25 55.6 ′ north latitude and123 41.2 ′ east longitude.
27. Xiaolong Island is 25 55.5 ′ north latitude and 65 438+023 40.6 ′ east longitude.
28. Dayan Island is 25 55.5 ′ north latitude and 65 438+023 40.6 ′ east longitude.
29. Swallow Island is 25 55.5 ′ north latitude and 65 438+023 40.5 ′ east longitude.
30. Hedgehog Island is 25 55.4 ′ north latitude and 65 438+023 40.6 ′ east longitude.
3 1. Walken Island is 25 55.3' north latitude and123 40.6' east longitude.
32. Scarabaga Island is located at 25 55.3 ′ north latitude and 65 438+023 40.7 ′ east longitude.
33. Xiaojinguizi Island is 25 55.2 ′ north latitude and123 40.7 ′ east longitude.
34. Kameyama is 25 55.3 ′ north latitude and123 41.4 ′ east longitude.
35. Haixing Island is 25 55.6 ′ north latitude and123 41.3 ′ east longitude.
36. Haibei Island is 25 55.2 ′ north latitude and123 41.2 ′ east longitude.
37. chiwei yu is located at 25 55.3 ′ north latitude and 65 438+024 33.5 ′ east longitude.
38. Chibei Island is 25 55.5 ′ north latitude and124 33.5 ′ east longitude.
39. The east island of Chibei is 25 55.5 ′ north latitude and124 33.7 ′ east longitude.
40. Chibei West Island is 25 55.4 ′ north latitude and124 33.5 ′ east longitude.
4 1. The northern latitude of Chibei South Island is 25 55.4', and the eastern longitude is124 33.6'.
42. Little chiwei yu is 25 55.3 ′ north latitude and 65 438+024 33.3 ′ east longitude.
43. Chek Tau Island is located at 25 55.3' north latitude and 65 438+024 33.4' east longitude.
44. Stanley Island is located at 25 55.3' north latitude and 65 438+024 33.4' east longitude.
45. Chibi Island is located at 25 55.3' north latitude and 65 438+024 33.4' east longitude.
46. Chezui Island is 25 55.3 ′ N and 65 438+024 33.3 ′ E..
47. Wangchi Island is located at 25 55.2' N and 65 438+024 33.2' E.
48. North Island is 25 43.8 ′ north latitude and 65 438+023 32.5 ′ east longitude.
49. Bird's Nest Island is 25 43.9 ′ north latitude and123 32.5 ′ east longitude.
50. Bird Egg Island is 25 43.9 ′ N and123 32.5 ′ E..
5 1. Little Bird Island is 25 43.7' north latitude and123 32.7' east longitude.
52. South Island is 25 43.4' N and 65 438+023 33' E.
53. Longmen North Island is 25 43.5 ′ north latitude and123 32.7 ′ east longitude.
54. Longmen Island is 25 43.5 ′ north latitude and 65 438+023 32.6 ′ east longitude.
55. Longmen South Island is 25 43.4 ′ north latitude and 65 438+023 32.7 ′ east longitude.
56. Wolong Island is 25 43.4 ′ north latitude and 65 438+023 32.6 ′ east longitude.
57. Wolong West Island is 25 43.4 ′ north latitude and 65 438+023 32.6 ′ east longitude.
58. Longfei North Island is located at 25 43.4' N and123 33.4' E.
59. Longfei Island is located at 25 43.3' north latitude and 65 438+023 33.4' east longitude.
60. Dragon Ball Island is 25 43.3 ′ north latitude and 65 438+023 33.3 ′ east longitude.
6 1. Longfei South Island is located at 25 43.3' N and123 33.4' E.
62. Chimelong Island is 25 43.2 ′ north latitude and123 33.4 ′ east longitude.
63. Jinlong Island is 25 43.3 ′ north latitude and123 33.3 ′ east longitude.
64. North Lantau 25° 46.9' N and East Lantau123 32.6'
65. North Lantau Island is 25 degrees 46.8 minutes north latitude and East Lantau Island is 123 degrees 32.6 minutes.
66. Bao Dao, Xiao Yuan is located at 25 46.8' north latitude and123 32.6' east longitude.
67. Feiyun Island is located at 25 46.8' N and 65 438+023 32.4' E.
68. Yuanbao Island is 25 46.8 ′ north latitude and123 32.5 ′ east longitude.
69. South Island is 25 45.3 ′ N and 65 438+023 34 ′ E..
70. The flying fish is 25 44.65438n+0 ′ e123 30.4 ′.
7 1. Feizi Island is 25 44.65438 n+0 ′ e123 30.4 ′.
Su Yan i.
The waters near Su Yan Reef have belonged to China since ancient times, and are the fishing grounds of fishermen in Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian and Taiwan provinces. No country, including Japan and South Korea, has raised any objection to this in modern times. Thousands of years ago, fishermen along the coast of China looked down on this reef. Since the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Japanese and Korean envoys and students who came to the Central Plains by sea to pay tribute, as well as China people who traveled to Fusang during the Tang, Song, Ming and Qing Dynasties, have witnessed Sophie Su with their own eyes and left behind documents. Historical ancient books confirm that Sophie Su belongs to China. After the progress of geology and geography in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, it is further confirmed that Sophie Su is located on the continental shelf of the East China Sea and is a part of the submarine Chinese mainland.
1963: China cargo ship Yuejin ran aground and sank in Sophie Su. The East China Sea Fleet of the China Navy and the Survey Brigade of the Ministry of Communications made accurate surveys of Sophie Su, drew high-quality charts, and swore territorial sovereignty to the international community.
1984: Jeju University and KBS TV formed a joint investigation team, sent a boat to Suyan Reef to investigate and began to seize the island.
1987: South Korea has established a floating route on Su Yan Reef.
1995: on-site marine survey (observation of water depth, tidal level and tidal current)
1996: on-site ocean survey (wave), two-dimensional underwater model experiment, design and calculation of operating conditions.
1997: on-site marine survey (wave), precise seabed topography survey, conceptual design and building survey.
1998: seabed foundation detection and data analysis, architectural design and scientific base operation scheme.
1999: Purchase observation equipment, determine the location of the building, and conduct three-dimensional underwater model experiments.
2000: Complete various engineering schemes and fortifications, hand them over to Hyundai Heavy Industry for construction, and determine the responsible department.
200 1: detailed design of the so-called "scientific base", pneumatic and hydraulic experiments to improve safety, purchase of observation equipment 2002: building construction, remote observation, production and installation of communication system, completion of the substructure in June 5438+00, and temporary operation of the scientific base.
2003: The superstructure was completed in May. After all the equipment was installed, the trial operation began, and the artificial island was completed on June, 2003 1 1.
Since 1984, the government of China has not taken any action, resulting in the Su Yan Reef falling into the hands of South Korea.
Nansha Islands
Nansha Islands is the southernmost of the four islands in the South China Sea in China, with the largest number of islands and reefs and the widest distribution. Geographically, it is located between 3 degrees 40 minutes north latitude and 1 1 degrees 30 minutes east longitude and 109 degrees 30 minutes to17 degrees 50 minutes east longitude. It is more than 500 nautical miles long from north to south and 400 nautical miles wide from east to west, with a total area of 820,000 square nautical miles. It consists of more than 230 islands, continents, reefs, beaches and beaches. The main islands are Taiping Island, Nanwei Island, Zhongye Island, Zhenghe Reef and Wan 'an Beach. Zengmu shoal is the southernmost part of China territory.
Nansha Islands have been our territory since ancient times. Nansha Islands are the earliest islands discovered, named, developed, operated, managed and exercised by China. In the era of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Nansha Islands were discovered. Since the Tang and Song Dynasties, the people of China have lived and engaged in fishing and other production activities in Nansha Islands. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the China government clearly placed the Nansha Islands under the jurisdiction of Qiongzhou Prefecture (now Hainan Province). 1933, the Nansha Islands were occupied by the French colonial authorities who ruled Vietnam at that time and illegally placed under the jurisdiction of Bati Province. During World War II, the Japanese army invaded the Nansha Islands in March 1939. 1945 After the Japanese surrender, the China government sent personnel to take over the Nansha Islands in 1946, and erected a monument to commemorate it and sent troops to station. 1947, Dongsha, Xisha, Zhongsha, Nansha Islands and islands, reefs, sands and beaches were renamed and placed under the jurisdiction of Guangdong Province again.
After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC),1951August 15, Zhou Enlai issued the Statement on the Draft Peace Treaty of the Conference between the United States, Britain and San Francisco, pointing out that the Xisha and Nansha Islands, like dongsha islands and zhongsha islands, are "the territory of China".
During the period of 1967, the United Nations continental reef exploration mission in Southeast Asia pointed out that the Nansha Islands contained a large number of oil and gas resources, and the Nansha Islands began to attract the attention of neighboring countries. They successively sent troops to occupy these uninhabited islands in pursuit of their new or old sovereignty claims. Vietnam invaded as many as 29 islands in Nansha Islands of China in 1973- 1974, 1978,1990-199, 1998.
The sovereignty dispute of Nansha Islands has a long history. People's Republic of China (PRC), Taiwan Province authorities and Viet Nam all claim full sovereignty over these islands, while Malaysia and the Philippines claim sovereignty over some islands and have deployed military forces to ensure their rights and interests in this region. Brunei and Indonesia, on the other hand, claim sovereignty over the sea area, which indirectly includes part of the Nansha Islands.
Present situation of Nansha Islands:
Islands controlled by (***7): Yongshu Reef, Chigua Reef, Dongmen Reef, Nanxun Reef, Reef, Huayangjiao and mischief reef.
Islands controlled by Taiwan Province Province of China (***2): Taiping Island and Zhongzhou Island.
Islands controlled by Vietnam (***29): Hung Hom Island, Nanwei Island, Jinghong Island, Nanzi Island, Dunqian Shazhou, Anbo Shazhou, Ranqing Shazhou, Zhongjiao Reef, Mo Lifeng Reef, Baishu Reef, Xijiao Reef, Wuyou Reef, Riji Reef, Daxian Reef, Liumen Reef, Dongjiao Reef and Nanhua Reef.
Islands controlled by Mashima (***5): Bird Gun Reef, Guangxingzai Reef, Nanhai Reef, Yuya Shoal and Jibo Reef.
Islands controlled by the Philippines (***8): Mahuan Island, Nanjiao Island, Zhongye Island, Xiyue Island, Beizi Island, Feixin Island, Caosha Island and Siling Reef.
At present, relevant countries in the region are carrying out land reclamation projects in Nansha Islands. As of 20 14128, the actual area of Yongshu Island (formerly Yongshu Reef) under construction has reached 0.95 square kilometers, surpassing Taiping Island to become the largest island in Nansha Islands.