Variety selection
There are many kinds of prunes. We generally choose varieties with large and full fruits, good color and fragrance, high yield and small drupe according to local soil conditions and climate conditions. At the same time, we need to consider the market situation of prunes and what kind of prunes sell better. At present, the better varieties of Prunus mume on the market mainly include France, Hongmei, Ramie and Stanley, which can be used for reference.
Site selection and garden construction
Plum blossom is a new fruit tree introduced from Europe in China. The requirements for planting are not high. It can be planted in many places in China. Its planting area is similar to the traditional plum planting area in China. After selecting the planting site, the acupoints are generally reclaimed, but if conditions permit, they can be fully reclaimed to avoid the threat of aquatic bacteria and pests. After drip irrigation, sprinkle enough fertilizer on each acupoint as base fertilizer, and then plant a row every three meters and one plant every two meters. Meanwhile, build a garden around the fence.
Fertilizer and water management
After planting, prunes should be fertilized three times a year except the base fertilizer. The first time is topdressing at flowering stage to promote flowering stage, mainly using urea and adding a small amount of potassium fertilizer. The second time is in the fruit growth period, mainly using potassium fertilizer to promote fruit expansion, spraying appropriate amount of foliar fertilizer and a small amount of urea to avoid branch aging; The third time is post-harvest fertilization, mainly composting, which has played a very good role in the preservation of plum blossoms and the preparation of next year's output.
Dressing and shaping
Trim. For mature prunes, weak branches, dead branches, diseased branches and dense branches are mainly pruned to ensure the yield of prunes.
hand-pollinate
Plum blossom can be pollinated naturally, but the phenomenon of physiological fruit drop is serious and pollination is unstable. In order to increase the yield of plum blossom, artificial pollination is usually used. We collect buds and pollen at flowering stage, and then pollinate them on sunny mornings. The success rate of pollination will be higher. Generally speaking, we can use point pollination, smearing with cotton bag pollen, spraying or even flapping pollination.
blossom and fruit thinning
The flowering period should be reasonably sparse, and some long and dense prunes, diseased flowers and weak flowers should be knocked down gently to ensure a reasonable fruit setting rate. Secondly, after fruit setting, the diseased fruit should be thinned once to remove some weak, diseased, shaped and dense fruits, reduce the probability of fruit dropping and improve the yield and quality of dried plums.
Eliminate pests and diseases
Xiumei is very resistant, so she seldom gets sick. As long as fungicides such as carbendazim and chlorothalonil are sprayed three times a year within a reasonable time, the most common pests are liriomyza sativae, scarabs, caterpillars and mites. We can trap them and kill them by spraying target pesticides such as dimethoate milk and trichlorfon.
To sum up, farmers need to master correct planting techniques if they want to increase the yield of plums.