2. Opening to promote germination The so-called opening is to open the soil at the base of the plant and expose the 1/3 of the tuber. The purpose of excavation is to raise the soil temperature and promote the germination of dormant buds of tubers. The opening hours are generally from early March to early April. Early withering, new buds are vulnerable to late frost; If it is opened too late, the topping time will be delayed and the output will be affected.
3. In addition to germination, each tuber will generally sprout 3-5 new buds. In order to ensure big fruit and increase the proportion of commercial fruit, we should choose the strongest main vine and erase the rest.
4. When the terminal buds grow to 10 ~ 15 nodes after the main vines are introduced into the shed, the terminal buds are removed, and 6 ~ 8 first-class lateral vines can grow; Removing the terminal bud from the node of the first lateral vine of 10 ~ 15, and promoting each first lateral vine to grow 3 ~ 6 second lateral vines; When the secondary lateral vines grow to 10 ~ 15 knots, the terminal buds are removed to make each secondary lateral vine grow 2 ~ 3 tertiary lateral vines. In this way, a natural fan-shaped plant frame with a main vine and a plurality of lateral vines is formed. Because the secondary and tertiary lateral vines are the main fruiting vines of Siraitia grosvenorii, this plant framework with secondary and tertiary lateral vines is beneficial to the fruiting and high and stable yield of Siraitia grosvenorii.
5. Weeding and fertilization Siraitia grosvenorii has a large growth, long flowering period, many flowers and fruits, strong fertility and needs a lot of nutrient supply. According to the growth and development characteristics of Siraitia grosvenorii, it is generally necessary to apply base fertilizer and topdressing 5-6 times a year, that is, hole-opening fertilizer to promote germination (March-April), seedling fertilizer (late April-early May), vine fertilizer (when the main vines are put on shelves in May and June), flower protection fertilizer (early July) and fruit fertilizer (August). The base fertilizer is applied when holes are opened for each plant. The vine-promoting fertilizer was applied when the main vines were put on the shelves in May and June, and it was mainly human and animal manure. Flower-protecting fertilizer was applied at the full flowering stage in early July, which was mainly composed of human and animal manure and cake fertilizer, with appropriate amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. Fertilization should be based on the distribution of root system, so that the fertilization ditch is gradually expanded away from the tuber. Pay attention to weeding when fertilizing.
6. Artificial pollination of Siraitia grosvenorii is a dioecious plant. Male flowers are sticky and not easily pollinated by wind and insects. Must be artificially pollinated to bear fruit. During the flowering period of Siraitia grosvenorii, the slightly opened male flowers are picked for use at 5-7 am every day, and when the female flowers are in full bloom at 7- 10 am, the male pollen is scraped off with a bamboo stick and gently rubbed on the stigma of the female flowers, thus completing the pollination of a flower. The pollination seed setting rate is the highest at 7 ~ 10 in the morning, which can reach more than 70%. At this time, the pollen of male flowers is vigorous, and the stigma of female flowers is sticky, which is easy to accept male flowers. The fruit setting rate is the highest in cloudy days, followed by sunny days and the lowest in rainy days. Generally 1 male flowers can pollinate 10 female flowers, and each person can pollinate about 400 ~ 600 flowers every day.
7. The drainage and irrigation of Siraitia grosvenorii is very sensitive to the water demand in the whole growth period, especially in the flowering and fruiting period. In case of dry weather, water should be sprayed in time to meet the water demand for growth, flowering and fruiting. In rainy season, the drainage ditch should be dredged in time to ensure that there is no water after rain and prevent water from retting the roots.
8. Before plants wither in winter, cut off vines 20 ~ 30 cm above the ground, remove dead leaves, and expose some tubers for several hours, with no cracks on the surface as the degree. Then cover it with a layer of plant ash, and after 20 cm, cover it with soil to keep warm for the winter.