Lumbar fusion refers to the surgical method of fusion and fixation of two adjacent vertebral bodies of lumbar spine by autologous or allogenic bone transplantation. Generally can be divided into anterior and posterior fusion. Anterior lumbar bone grafting and fusion is to take out the diseased intervertebral disc from the abdominal incision, from the peritoneum to the anterior or lateral side of the lumbar spine, and to fix and fuse the two vertebral bodies with autologous bone grafting. The advantage of this operation is that it is simple and convenient, and it will not cause medical spinal stenosis in the future. Posterior surgery can also be used. Posterior lumbar bone grafting and fusion can be divided into posterior surgery and posterolateral surgery. Posterior fusion is divided into intervertebral and intervertebral joint fusion and spinous process fusion Laminectomy, also known as modified Hibbs fusion, takes a central incision in the back of the waist, exposes the spinous process and lamina, and implants an appropriate amount of matchstick-like autogenous iliac bone on the lamina. This operation method is simple, wide in application and widely used in clinical work. Posterolateral lumbar fusion is a kind of bone implantation between the transverse process of lumbar spine or between the small joints on both sides. This kind of operation is more complicated and there is more bleeding. In short, the purpose of lumbar fusion is to treat some diseases by bone grafting in different parts of the lumbar spine.

Lumbar fusion is a surgical method widely used to treat lumbar diseases, mainly used to treat the following diseases:

(1) Lumbar tuberculosis. Because of physical weakness or other reasons, focus removal cannot be done; Or spinal instability at the injury site after the injury is cleared; Or if the spinal angulation deformity is serious after lesion resection, lumbar fusion can be done.

(2) Scoliosis. Dry scoliosis can be fused and fixed on the convex side in adolescence, so that with the increase of age, the concave side grows and develops while the convex side is limited, and scoliosis is gradually corrected. Bone graft fusion can also be performed in scoliosis correction surgery.

(3) If the fracture or dislocation of the lumbar spine makes the lumbar spine unstable and causes long-term chronic pain sequelae, the spinal column should be stabilized by bone grafting and fusion.

(4) Recurrence of postoperative lumbar disc herniation requires a second operation, including laminectomy and even spinous process resection. In this case, it is feasible to improve the stability of lumbar spine by fusing and fixing transverse process and intervertebral facet joint.

(5) Lumbar spondylolisthesis is obvious, accompanied by severe low back pain, long-term non-surgical treatment is ineffective and affects daily life and workers, or low back pain accompanied by symptoms of lumbar' 9 nerve root stimulation or compression, lumbar bone grafting and fusion is feasible. On the one hand, it prevents further slippage, on the other hand, it relieves symptoms.

(6) Lumbar fusion is suitable for other serious lumbar diseases or those who need to stabilize the spine.