types of diamond tools
1. NaturalDiamond(ND)；);
2. Artificial polycrystalline diamond (PCD);
3. Polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC); Chemical vapor deposition coated diamond tools Chemical diamond tools (4 pieces) Vapor deposition diamond coated tools (CVD).
4. The deposition thickness reaches 1? Thick diamond film (CD) without substrate of m:
5. The thickness of the deposit directly on the surface of the tool matrix is less than 3? CoatedThinDiamondFilm(CD) coated with m.
The natural diamond (ND) tool
is a natural diamond Raman peak spectrum, which has the following characteristics:
(1) There is diamond at the peak of 1332.
(2) The wave amplitude (FWHM) is 4.1cm-1
, which shows that it is pure diamond. ND is the hardest substance in the known minerals at present, which is mainly used to prepare cutting tools. After fine grinding, the cutting edge radius of natural diamond tools can reach .1 ~ .2? m。 Among them, the cutting edge of natural SingleCrystallineDiamond (SCD) tool is still smooth after high magnification of 15 times. When SCD turns aluminum piston, Ra can reach 4? M, while under the same cutting conditions, the Ra when the surface is rough with PCD tool is 15 ~ 5? m。 Therefore, the mirror surface can be obtained by using SCD tool and precision lathe for precision and ultra-precision machining.
Polycrystalline diamond (PCD) tool
PCD is a polycrystalline material synthesized by agglomeration and sintering of diamond micro-powder by metal bonding agents such as cobalt at high temperature and ultra-high pressure, also known as sintered diamond. Polycrystalline diamond cutter is sintered into a milling cutter, which is used for milling. PCD grains are disordered and isotropic, with uniform hardness and graphitization temperature of 55℃. The tool has high hardness, high thermal conductivity, low thermal expansion coefficient, high elastic modulus and low friction coefficient. The blade is very sharp.
PDc cutter
In order to improve the toughness and weldability of PCD cutter, PCD and cemented carbide cutter are often made into PDC cutter. That is, a layer of PCD with a thickness of .5 ~ 1 mm is pressed on the surface of cemented carbide substrate and sintered. The bending strength of the composite blade is basically the same as that of cemented carbide, and its hardness is close to PCD, so it can be used instead of PCD. The sharpness of cutting edge of PCD and synthetic polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) tools and the surface quality of machined workpiece are lower than that of ND. At the same time, its machinability is very poor, the grinding ratio is small, and it is difficult to form arbitrarily according to the geometric shape of the cutter head. At present, only turning tools can be made from synthetic polycrystalline diamond compact, but indexable inserts with chip-breaking grooves and milling cutters with complex three-dimensional curved surfaces cannot be made so far.
CVD diamond thick film (TDF) welding tool
The diamond thick film welding tool is to weld the laser-cut CVD diamond thick film to the substrate (usually K-type cemented carbide) once to form a composite sheet, then polish the composite sheet, weld it to the tool body twice, and grind it into the required shape and cutting edge. CVD diamond thick film (diamond film thickness up to 3? M), which has the characteristics of high hardness, wear resistance and low friction coefficient, is an ideal material for manufacturing tools for cutting non-ferrous metals and non-metallic materials. Due to the complexity of diamond welding process, CVD diamond thick film (TDF) welding tools have not been widely used.
diamond coated cutter
diamond coated cutter is to directly deposit a layer of 1 ~ 25 on cemented carbide (K cemented carbide) or ceramics by CVD method. M diamond film, no cleavage plane isotropy. The hardness of the film-coated tool reaches 98～1HV. High thermal conductivity, the thermal conductivity is as high as 2 W m-1 k-1 at room temperature, while the thermal conductivity of cemented carbide tools is only 8 ~ 1 m-1 k-1. CVD diamond can be coated on any complicated tool, which is the most obvious advantage that polycrystalline diamond can't have.
cubic boron nitride (PCBN) cutter
cubic boron nitride (PCBN) is the second inorganic superhard material after synthetic diamond. Its hardness is slightly lower than that of diamond, and its thermal stability is good. Its heat resistance can reach 14~15 degrees, which is almost twice as high as that of diamond (7~8 degrees). Cubic boron nitride (PCBN) tool is mainly suitable for machining all kinds of ferrous metals and their alloy materials. It is most suitable for all kinds of hardened steel (carbon tool steel, bearing steel, die steel, high speed steel), pearlite gray cast iron (vanadium-titanium cast iron), chilled cast iron superalloy (nickel-based alloy, cobalt-based alloy) and surface spray surfacing. It has a long service life, reduces the number of tool changes, compensates the time spent on downtime, gives full play to the high efficiency of CNC machine tools and automatic production lines, and can change the traditional machining methods (that is, rough machining with tools before quenching and fine machining with grinding wheels after quenching), so that turning processing before quenching can be carried out in a CNC machine tool (turning instead of grinding), which has good economic benefits.
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