Strawberry root system is shallow and developed, so it should be planted in a bucket-type pottery pot with good air permeability, and its size depends on specific needs. Generally, a flowerpot with a diameter of about 20 cm is selected for indoor or balcony display. If it is used for road or flower bed display, you can choose a larger flowerpot.
Second, the cultivation of soil modulation.
The culture soil suitable for strawberry growth is neutral sandy loam rich in humus. When preparing, 3 parts of fully decomposed compost, 4 parts of vegetable garden soil and 5 parts of river sand can be used, and a small amount of fully decomposed cake fertilizer and chicken manure can be fully mixed, ground and sieved. The cultivated soil was disinfected with formalin solution.
Third, the choice of varieties.
From the point of view of appreciation, potted strawberries should choose varieties with open plant type, good flower shape, long flowering period, self-bearing, large and colorful fruits and strong adaptability, and ideal varieties such as four seasons strawberry, European four seasons red, Baojiao Zaosheng and so on.
Fourth, basin time.
Strawberries can be planted in flowerpots in spring and autumn. Experiments show that the survival rate of autumn planting is higher than that of spring. It is generally carried out from the end of September to the middle of 10. At this time, the temperature is suitable, and the new pot can quickly resume growth after being put on, and the fruit can be hung in the next spring.
V. Basin method
Cover the drain hole with two tiles and add a layer of river sand before serving the basin, which is beneficial to drainage and ventilation and does not miss the culture soil. When going to the pot, choose healthy seedlings with good roots, cut off the damaged roots, then remove the old leaves and stolons, leaving 2-3 leaflets. Before planting, strawberry seedlings are soaked and disinfected with bactericidal drugs such as carbendazim. Soak the roots 1 hour with NAA or ABT rooting solution to improve the survival rate. Then put it into a flowerpot filled with culture soil. When planting, the arch faces away from the outside, the roots are evenly distributed and the stems are upright. When filling the culture soil, make the bottom of seedling heart flush with the soil surface. If planted too deep, the seedling heart will be buried, which will easily lead to rotten seedlings; If the planting is too shallow, the new buds are exposed and easy to dry up. For the convenience of watering, the edge of 2 cm should be reserved when covering the soil. After putting the pot away, water it. After the water seeps down, gently lift the seedlings upward so that the roots can be closely combined with the soil. Put the flowerpot in the semi-shade to keep the soil moist. When it grows normally, move it to the brightest place.
VI. Post-basin management
1. Water fertilization: The flowerpot is limited in size, and the nutrient area and water storage are not much, so water and topdressing should be done in time. Watering depends on the season. Water after 4 pm in early spring and late autumn. Strawberries like moist environment, so we should master the principle of watering with small water and keeping the soil moist in management. In the fast-growing and mature period of fruit, that is, April and May, the water demand is large, so it is necessary to water frequently, but there should be no water accumulation to prevent the roots from rotting. Fertilizers directly affect the growth and fruiting of potted plants. Before spring germination, nitrogen fertilizer should be applied mainly, such as spraying 0. 1%-0.3% urea solution for 2-3 times; Before flower bud differentiation, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are the main factors, and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution 1-2 times can be sprayed to promote flower bud differentiation and fruit growth and reduce the formation of invalid flowers. After fruit picking, NPK compound fertilizer is mainly used to improve the overwintering ability of strawberries. Topdressing should be based on the principle of applying thin fertilizer frequently, once a week on average. Under no circumstances can we use concentrated fertilizer and raw fertilizer.
2, plastic pruning: potted strawberries are not allowed to be pruned again, and redundant stolons, old leaves and diseased leaves are removed in time to reduce nutrient consumption. You can use iron wire or bamboo sticks to make fruit racks with different shapes, put them in flowerpots, and stand up the fruit ears. Stolons can also be used to shape bonsai according to artistic principles and improve its ornamental value.
3, pest control: potted strawberry pests and diseases generally occur less or less. Aphids are the main spreaders of strawberry virus. Spray imidacloprid or 1︰200 washing powder water, and then drop a few drops of vegetable oil after fully stirring.
4. Winter protection: Move potted strawberries indoors in June 5438+ 10, or put them on the closed balcony to the sun to prevent freezing injury and affect the growth and development of strawberries.
5. Changing pots: Because the nutrients in the culture soil will be washed away by frequent watering, after 2-3 years, the nutrients in the culture soil are seriously lacking, so it is necessary to change pots in time. Stop watering before pouring the pot, let the soil dry thoroughly and separate from the pot wall, so as to pour out the culture soil. After the soil is inverted, cut off the old roots with a thickness of 2-3 cm around the culture soil, mix the organic fertilizer with the soil, sieve and fill the bottom. Then bring the soil to the basin, add fertile soil around it, and water it 1 time.