In order to make plum blossom in the Spring Festival, the room temperature can be kept at about 65438 00℃ before the spring. If Tomb-Sweeping Day plum blossom, it takes 10 ~ 15 days to get to beginning of spring before and after first frost, the indoor temperature will gradually increase from low to make the greenhouse sunny, and water it once every 10 day. The flowering period is about 20 ~ 40 days, and the flowering period can be extended by moving into a low-temperature greenhouse.
The flowering period of potted plum blossoms ended in late March, and plum piles began to sprout new buds, so the spring management of potted plum blossoms should start from this time. Management includes five aspects: trimming modeling, changing pots and soil, fertilizing, coring and pest control:
Pruning and modeling plum blossom bonsai is mainly in natural form, supplemented by Pinza, that is, removing the positive branches and leaving the oblique branches. After pruning, plant plum piles in pots by bending, slanting, lying and hanging, and cut off the upright roots. Last year's capillary roots were cut short to promote new roots.
When changing pots and soil for plum blossoms, appropriate amount of potassium dihydrogen phosphate should be mixed into the mud, and the roots should be laid well before putting them into the pots. Humic loam containing various organic fertilizers is used as the basin soil, and sandy soil or fly ash with strong water permeability is used as the basin bottom soil.
Fertilization of potted plums in spring is very important. Plum blossom bonsai lacks soil and nutrients. Therefore, every time you water it, you should topdressing decomposed manure and cake fertilizer. After potted plum blossoms grow new roots, compound fertilizer should be added to supplement fertilizer in rainy days in spring. Fertilization should be based on temperature, soil moisture and drainage. Potted soil should not be too dry or too wet. If it is too dry, new buds will not form easily; if it is too wet, the roots will rot. At the same time, it is necessary to loosen the soil 1 time per week.
After the buds of dark plum are sent out, they should be peeled in time to avoid consuming nutrition. Leave 2 ~ 5 buds per branch, and it is advisable to leave less than 20 buds per pot. At the beginning of May, when the new bud grows to 20 cm, it will be removed. If the top formation is not controlled by coring and the branches grow in a concentrated way, it is not easy to form flower buds. By removing the core, nutrients can be transferred and supplied to flower buds for differentiation, which is the key to potted plum blossoms.
The pests and diseases of potted plum blossoms are mainly aphids and caterpillars, which should be prevented as early as possible to avoid damaging the growth of new shoots. Dichlorvos can be added with 400-500 times of water to control plum blossom anthracnose, and carbendazim and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are sprayed every 10 day from May. The physiological diseases of plum blossom include waterlogging, drug damage and poisoning.
Waterlogging: Plum blossoms are afraid of waterlogging. If there is too much water in the roots, the roots will rot and die. Therefore, plum blossoms should be properly watered, and at the same time, water should be prevented from accumulating in the rainy season basin. The measures to prevent waterlogging are: planting plum blossoms in open fields and choosing places with high terrain and good drainage. Potting should choose 4 parts humus soil, 4 parts compost soil and 2 parts sandy soil to prepare culture soil. Pay attention to timely drainage in rainy season, and dump the accumulated water in the basin to prevent root rot.
Phytotoxicity: Plum blossom is sensitive to dimethoate, dichlorvos and other pesticides. When controlling pests such as aphids, red spiders, leaf curl moths, etc., if these pesticides are sprayed, it is easy to cause phytotoxicity, leading to early leaf loss. Therefore, it is timely to spray 50% phoxim or 50% cartap emulsion 1000 times.
Poisoning: Plum blossoms have weak resistance to toxic gases such as sulfur dioxide and chemical smog. If the air contains a lot of harmful gases, the growth of plum blossoms will be very weak, and even serious will die. Therefore, the planting site should be selected in a place with fresh air, and special attention should be paid not to plant in the downwind of a factory with pollution sources.