Couplets are a kind of exquisite literature expressed by language art, which is more exquisite, pleasing to the eye and transparent than other literary works in China. Its artistic soul is both antagonistic and interdependent. In the process of using language skillfully, it standardized logical rhetoric into a binary symmetrical structure, forming a unique literary category. The upper and lower couplets cannot exist without each other. From the origin, development and maturity of couplets, the artistic view of unity of opposites runs through the mutual infiltration and adhesion between natural philosophy and social science. Use language to create literary images, reflect social life, express thoughts and feelings, and set off the atmosphere. Under the artistic influence of the image, authenticity and tendency of literature, we should play the role of cognition and education to improve people's healthy aesthetic ability. From the standpoint of language art, it adds infinite artistic charm to couplets.