Distribution: Endemic species in China. Widely distributed in North China, especially in Hebei, Henan, Shanxi, Shandong and other places. It is cultivated in East China, Central China, South China, Northwest China and Southwest China.
Ecological habits: light-loving, drought-resistant, water-resistant, and not strict with soil, but loose, fertile and deep sandy loam grows best, with long life, strong germination ability and resistance to toxic gases.
Garden uses: Good garden trellis plants, with colorful purple flowers in spring, have a unique taste, and are suitable for planting in lakes, pools, rockeries, stone workshops and other places, with unique styles, and bonsai is also commonly used.
Common species:
1. wisteria (W.villosaRehd.): This variety is very similar to wisteria, except that the back of old leaves and petioles are densely covered with white fur, and the color is lighter. Therefore, in landscaping, the two are regarded as one category and are not subdivided.
2. White-flowered rattan (W.venustaRehd.etWils.): The leaflets are covered with filaments on both sides, and the raceme is short, with a length of 10- 15 cm and white flowers, which is native to Japan.
3. W. floribundDC, also known as Japanese wisteria, has many compound leaves and many leaves, and the old leaves are nearly hairless, often 13- 19. The raceme is 50 cm long and the flowers are light blue (light blue-purple). The pod is covered with yellow-brown felt, which is native to Japan and cultivated in the south of the Yangtze River basin.
Wisteria, also known as wisteria and rattan, is an excellent ornamental vine. Li Bai once wrote a poem: "Wisteria hangs a cloud tree, Hua Teng is suitable for spring, and the dense leaves hide the beauty of birds." Vividly depicts the graceful figure and charming style of wisteria. In late spring, it was the time for wisteria to bloom, but I saw a string of huge spikes hanging from the branches, with blue purple and rosy clouds around. Grayish brown branches and vines meander like dragons and snakes ... no wonder painters of all ages love wisteria as a good subject for flower-and-bird painting.
After flowering, wisteria will bear pod-like fruit and hang it between branches, which is very interesting. Sometimes it blooms again in late summer and early autumn. Ears and pods set off against the green leaves. Under normal circumstances, potted wisteria should be cut off in time to avoid nutrient consumption. Wisteria is a deciduous vine. During its dormant period, the branch layout can be adjusted in combination with pruning to maintain a beautiful posture. Wisteria has a long life and extensive management. As long as sufficient sunshine and proper water and fertilizer are guaranteed, flowers will bloom every year.
Usage: Indications: Cure burning insects: root 10 to15g, decocted in water. Physical weakness: root 30 grams, stewed pork to eat. Wind-warming arthralgia: Wisteria root and Caragana root 15g decoction. Pain in bones and muscles: 50 grams of wisteria seeds are fried and soaked in soju. Take 25 grams each time, once every morning and evening.
Cultivation: Wisteria is a famous ornamental vine native to China, which has a long cultivation history and has been recorded since the Tang Dynasty. Also known as vines, it belongs to deciduous vines of the genus Wisteria in the butterfly family. Woody stems is thick, the dry skin is gray and grows counterclockwise, so the surface presents spiral grooves and obvious lenticels. Winter buds cling to the lateral branches, and the buds are covered with dark brown scales with white hairs on them. Odd pinnate compound leaves alternate, 7 leaflets to 13, oblong to ovate-lanceolate, entire, white hairs on both sides when young, long shedding. Racemes with new branches or axils, long 15 cm to 30 cm, drooping. Each inflorescence bears 50 to 100 iris flowers, which are purple to lavender and fragrant. From April to May, the pod is knife-shaped, about 15 cm long, grayish green before ripening, with silver-gray fur on it, containing 1 to 3 seeds, and it ripens from 1 1. The wild type is: Nanjing rattan, with light blue-purple color and short plant shape. Rattan with purplish red flowers and short inflorescences. Cultivated varieties are: annual vine, purple white, inflorescence about 34 cm long. Musk vine, with white flowers, is full of fragrance. Wild rattan, the flowers are purple at first, then turn white, and the inflorescence is 23 cm to 27 cm long. This ruby vine with big flowers is pink. Wisteria (alias "Teng Yin") has thin main vine, white flowers, rich fragrance and is not cold-resistant. Tripod vine with violet flowers and inflorescence about 67 cm long. This kind of white rattan has large flowers, white color and short inflorescence. Lianas in Taiwan Province Province have small branches and leaves, and their seedlings are not easy to bloom. Double wisteria, double flower, violet. Wisteria with abundant flowers and long pointed inflorescences.
Wisteria originated in China and distributed from northwest, northeast and north China to east and south China. I like sunshine, a little shade tolerance, strong cold resistance, strong adaptability to soil, strong drought resistance, water resistance and moisture resistance, normal growth in poor soil, fast growth and long life. It can resist many harmful gases, such as sulfur dioxide, chlorine and hydrogen chloride. As a deep-rooted plant, the taproot is very long and the lateral roots are few, so it grows particularly well in deep, loose and fertile soil.
Seeding, cutting, layering and rameting can all be propagated. After collecting seeds, dry and store them, soak them for about 12 hours before sowing in the next spring, and sow them in the open seedbed. After beginning of autumn, the seedlings should be moderately thinned, and after three years, the seedlings should be transplanted with soil balls. You can also choose 1 year-old robust branches in early spring and cut them into a section of 15 cm to 20 cm for cutting. Dozens of branches are buried in the leeward sunny and humid area, with the upper end facing down, and covered with plastic film for heat preservation and moisture preservation. Cutting was dug out at the beginning of May, with high survival rate and quick seedling formation. It can also be used for root cutting and propagation during seedling raising. The ramet propagation should be carried out when the winter buds begin to germinate in spring. Dig deep when digging tillering seedlings, otherwise the lateral roots are scarce and it is difficult to survive.
Wisteria has lush foliage and the weight of the tree is very large. Therefore, before planting, a permanent and solid scaffold should be set up according to the requirements of garden design, and planting should be carried out on the south side of the scaffold, with a spacing of about 3 meters. If the soil is loose and fertile and the base fertilizer is sufficient, it can promote the rapid growth of seedlings and cover the scaffolding as soon as possible. After several years, if the branches and leaves are too dense, they can be moderately thinned. According to the annual routine pruning, most flower buds are planted in the lower part of branches. If it is allowed to grow naturally, many branches will grow after the axillary buds on the upper part of the branches germinate, which consumes a lot of nutrients and makes the flower buds unable to differentiate normally. Therefore, every spring, the lateral branches should be shortened, and the diseased branches and diseased branches should be sparse to promote the formation of flower buds. New branches should be pulled by hand, branches and vines should be kidnapped evenly and climbed up the shelf. If you don't need to leave seeds after flowering, you should always cut off the remaining ears. Wisteria can also be trimmed into the shape of shrubs and planted independently on lawns and beside rocks in gardens. It is also suitable for potted plants or bonsai.