First, the main manufacturing equipment of cylinder
Flexible manufacturing of cylinder head includes two parts: rough production line and fine production line. The equipment is a horizontal numerical control center, which adopts four-axis controllable and three-axis linkage.
(1) The roughing line undertakes most of the hole series of the cylinder head, and the seiko line is mainly used for seiko bottom plane, valve guide, valve seat and camshaft hole, and a large number of advanced manufacturing technologies are adopted.
(2) In order to reduce the labor intensity and ensure the quality of the workpiece, special imported measuring equipment is selected for the flexible manufacturing of the cylinder head to measure the dimensions of the valve guide tube, valve seat and its mounting hole of the workpiece, which is convenient to operate, less influenced by human factors and high in measuring accuracy.
(3) The whole line adopts special electric raceway, which effectively reduces the problem that the workpiece is easy to bump and damage during transportation, and is also convenient for on-site management.
Second, the positioning of parts and the design of fixture
It is of great significance to choose the positioning mode of the workpiece reasonably in the manufacturing process to ensure the quality of the workpiece. In order to ensure the reliability of workpiece positioning and clamping in the machining process, a special hydraulic fixture is adopted in the numerical control center of flexible manufacturing of cylinder head.
(1) Visually adjustable clamping force can minimize the clamping deformation of the workpiece.
(2) Each positioning surface has the function of air tightness detection, so that the workpiece can contact the positioning surface correctly and ensure the positioning accuracy of the workpiece.
(3) At the same time, it also has the function of automatically cleaning the fixture positioning surface.
(4) In order to facilitate the operation, the fixture is also provided with devices such as coarse spacing and preventing the workpiece from falling off, which reduces the labor intensity of the operator.
Third, the choice of cylindrical cutter
The new cylinder head is made of cast aluminum, and the chips are sticky and easy to stick to the tool, while the intake and exhaust valve seats and valve guides are made of powder metallurgy, which is characterized by high hardness, which brings certain difficulties to cutting.
(1) In order to obtain higher workpiece quality, most tools are made of cemented carbide.
(2) Camshaft holes, valve guides, valve seats and other parts with high precision requirements also use tools, and the process adopts higher cutting speed and lower feed.
(3) Because the machining of cast aluminum cylinder head is mostly high-speed cutting, the conical surface and the end surface behind the tool handle of this structure cooperate with the spindle of the machine tool at the same time, so the positioning accuracy is high, which is especially suitable for high-speed cutting.
Four, the choice of special cutting oil for cylinder
Silicon steel (1) is mainly used to make iron cores of various transformers, motors and generators, and it is easy to die-cut. Under normal circumstances, cutting oil with low viscosity will be selected on the premise of preventing stamping burr, so as to facilitate the cleaning of finished workpieces.
(2) Carbon steel is mainly used in low-precision processes such as protective plates of some mechanical equipment, and the viscosity should be paid attention to first when selecting cutting oil.
(3) Galvanized steel will react with chlorine additives, so when choosing cutting oil, we should pay attention to the problem that chlorine oil may cause white rust, while using sulfur-based metal cutting oil can avoid rust, but degrease it as soon as possible.
(4) Stainless steel is easy to harden, so cutting oil with high oil film strength and good sintering resistance is required. Cutting oil containing sulfur and chlorine compound additives is generally used to ensure extreme pressure performance and avoid burr and fracture of the workpiece.