In summer, mosquitoes turn thunder, and privately plan to let a group of cranes dance in the air. If you want it, you will have a thousand, and if you want it, you will have a crane. Look up, Xiang Qiang. Mosquitoes stay in the tent and smoke, making them fly towards the smoke, making them look like white cranes in Qingyun, like cranes in the clouds, and happy.
I often crouch in the concave and convex parts of the earth wall, in the grass of the flower bed, so that I can be flush with the platform; If you look closely, you can feel at ease when you wander around with bushes as forests, insects and ants as beasts, convex soil and gravel as hills and concave soil as valleys.
One day, I saw two insects fighting in the grass. When I watched it, it was in full swing. Suddenly, a monster came down from the mountain and fell from the tree, covering a frog. My tongue spit out and both worms swallowed it. I was young and lost in thought, but I was surprised. God decided to catch frogs, whip dozens and drive them out of the hospital.
2. Excerpts from China's classic works (reference text) ● Melon is bitter, but beautiful dates are thorns.
Han? Anonymous "ancient poetry?" Bitter tissue of bitter gourd ":namely" tissue ". Poetry is full of philosophy and thought-provoking: good things are often hidden in bad environments.
When those red berries come in spring, they blush on your southern branches. People who want to miss them collect more, and Mix red beans have attracted people's attention.
Don? Wang Wei's "Acacia Tree" Red bean: also known as "Acacia Tree", a southern plant with fruit as big as peas. A thing has two names and sentences are related.
Pick (xié): Pick。 This is a poem about things. On the surface, it sings about things, but in fact it sings about people.
The difficulty of ambition lies not in winning, but in winning. Did everything wrong? Yu's first award-winning word: beyond.
The second winning word: restraint The hardest thing about ambition is not to surpass others, but to restrain yourself.
He who knows others is wise, and he who knows himself is wise. Chapter 33 of Laozi: Knowing people is wisdom, and knowing friends is wisdom.
● It is easy to know people, but difficult to understand them. "Wu yue spring and autumn? It is easy to know and evaluate others, but difficult to know and evaluate yourself.
Is that people often lack self-knowledge. ● The authorities are fascinated and the onlookers comment.
Old Tang book? Yuan Xing Chong Chuan Review: Review, clearly know. The person in charge is often confused, but the bystanders can see it clearly.
Low mountain products are high, and ze products are long. Don? Liu Yuxi's "The Tang Dynasty supervises the imperial history and gives the Shang Palace a Shinto". If there is a mountain, it will be high, and if there is a water, it will grow.
One dollar a day, one thousand dollars a day; The rope saws wood, but water drops stones. Song? Luo Dajing's "He Lin Yu Lu" accumulates a penny a day, and a thousand days is a thousand dollars; Hemp rope insists that sawing wood can break wood, and water droplets can drip through stones for a long time.
● Nothing is difficult in the world, if you put your mind to it. Ming? Wang Jide's The Red Story of Mrs. Han? World: the world.
Nothing in the world is impossible. I'm afraid I will stick to it. ● Asserting that Qingshan is not relaxed, and its roots are breaking rocks; After thousands of tortures and blows, it is still strong, whether it is the southeast wind or the northwest wind in winter, it can bear it and will still be tough and straight.
Qing? Zheng Xie Bamboo Stone Mill: Torture. Ren: Whatever.
Bamboo's indomitable and fearless character is also a portrayal of the poet's character. When Yazhai lies listening to Zhu Xiao, it is suspected that it is the voice of the people's sufferings.
Some small collectors in Caozhou County always care about their feelings. Qing? Zheng Xie's "Yazhai: A House in the Yamen Hall", the painting of bamboo in Wei County is on the 30th.
Cao Wu: My generation. Hearing the sound of bamboo leaves is also associated with the sufferings of the working people, which shows the author's love for the people.
Put down the butcher knife and become a Buddha. Ming? Peng Dayi's "Mountain Hall Examination"? Collection is a metaphor for people who do bad things. As long as they are determined to turn over a new leaf, they can become good people.
● The eater is the foundation of the people; The people are the foundation of the country. "Laozi" people take food as the sky and the people build the country.
● Make the best use of people and land. Modern? Sun Yat-sen's book on Li Hongzhang achieved the ultimate goal: to give full play to his talents.
Give full play to its advantages. ● The country is people-oriented, and food is the most important thing for the people.
Modern? Sun Yat-sen's book on Li Hongzhang is aimed at the people of the whole country, and the people's food problem is the biggest. ● Don't carve rotten wood.
The Analects of Confucius? Gong Yechang's qualification is too poor to be used. The rivers and mountains may change, but not one's essential nature
Ming? Feng Menglong, "wake up? Lao Xu's servant became an indignant family. It is often said that it is easier to change mountains and rivers than to change human nature. ● Jade is not cut, not abrasive; People don't learn or know.
Book of rites? "Yukime" jade will not become a treasure without polishing; A man without learning is without skill. Jin Shu? Zhai Jingji: "Although the beauty of Jingshan Mountain is beautiful, it will not be a treasure if it is not cut"; "Bao Puzi?" Xu Xue's "Hua Yao doesn't cut it, then the night play doesn't work" and "Biography of Chinese Poems" means "the sword is sharp and discontinuous".
● Education is the foundation of the country. Qing? Letter from Zheng to Mr. Zheng: Foundation, Foundation.
● Although water can flow, it can't be done without guidelines; Although human nature can be intelligent, it cannot be achieved without teaching. Don? Manager Ma, Yilin? Success or failure shows that without education, it is impossible for people to fully explore their potential and reach the point of high intelligence.
● Sex, natural simplicity; Good people, Wang jiao's change is also. Han? Dong Zhongshu's Spring and Autumn Story? Reality "Humanity is a natural and simple quality; Kindness is the result of education.
Simple and uncontested beauty. Zhuangzi? In terms of beauty, nothing in the world can compare with simplicity.
● Private is also chaotic. "pipe?" Private "is the root of world chaos.
● Everyone is good, then the world is peaceful; Everyone is selfish, and the world is in chaos. Qing? Liu E's Travels of Lao Can: I like it.
Camp: beg. ● Governing by doing nothing.
The Analects of Confucius? Wei Linggong's inaction: Confucianism refers to serving people with virtue, not through punishment. If you do nothing, you will die.
The third chapter of Laozi is inaction: Taoism refers to conforming to nature and not seeking something. If we do nothing, there is no cure in the world.
● Fight, be brave. Zuozhuan? Ten years of Zhuang Gong: Fighting depends on courage.
● Be fearless in times of crisis and go forward bravely. Don? Luo's Preface to Firefly is brave only if he is not afraid of difficulties and dangers.
It is impossible for him that her husband is dead.
3. Classical Chinese excerpt "Childlike Fun"
Shen Fu
When I was a child, I could open my eyes to the sun and observe autumn in detail. When I see a little thing, I have to check its texture carefully, so I find pleasure outside things.
In summer, mosquitoes turn thunder, and privately plan to let a group of cranes dance in the air. If you want it, you will have a thousand, and if you want it, you will have a crane. Look up, Xiang Qiang. Mosquitoes stay in the tent and smoke, making them fly towards the smoke, making them look like white cranes in Qingyun, like cranes in the clouds, and happy.
I often crouch in the concave and convex parts of the earth wall, in the grass of the flower bed, so that I can be flush with the platform; Look carefully, take shrubs as forests, insects and mosquitoes as beasts, convex ones as hills, concave ones as valleys, and wander leisurely among them.
One day, I saw two insects fighting in the grass. When I watched it, it was in full swing. Suddenly, a monster came down from the mountain and fell from the tree, covering a frog. My tongue spit out and both worms swallowed it. I was young and lost in thought, but I was surprised. God decided to catch frogs, whip dozens and drive them out of the hospital.
I recall that when I was a child, I could open my eyes to the sun (my eyesight was excellent), and I carefully observed the very slender feathers that birds grew back in autumn. When you see a tiny thing, you must carefully observe its texture, so that you can often feel the pleasure beyond the thing itself.
In summer, mosquitoes make thunderous sounds. I compare them to cranes flying in the air. When I think about it, hundreds of mosquitoes have become cranes. I looked up at them and even my neck became stiff. I also let mosquitoes stay in the undyed curtains and slowly spray smoke on them, so that mosquitoes can fly and scream at the smoke. As a landscape of white crane in Qingyun, it really resembles the sound of cranes on the edge of Qingyun, which makes me feel extremely happy.
I often squat down where the earth wall is uneven and where there are many flowers, so that my body is as high as the flower bed; After careful observation, I regarded the bush as a forest, insects and ants as wild animals, the protruding part of the clod as a hill and the sunken part as a valley. I visited the world happily and contentedly.
One day, I saw two bugs fighting in the grass, and I was very interested in observing. Suddenly, a huge monster came down from the mountain and fell from the tree. It turned out to be a toad. As soon as its tongue spit out, both worms were swallowed by it. I'm so young, I'm so absorbed in it that I can't help screaming in fear. After a pause, he caught toad, whipped him dozens of times and drove him to another yard.
4. Excerpt from classical Chinese and carve a boat for a sword
A Chu man waded across the river, and his sword fell into the water from the boat. He agreed with the boat and said, "My sword fell from above." The ship stopped at the destination, and the Chu people jumped into the water from the marked place to find the sword. The boat works, but not the sword. If you want a sword, isn't it confusing? (Excerpted from Lv Chunqiu. Check in ")
A Chu man was crossing the river by boat when his sword fell into the water. He carved a mark on the side of the ship and said, "This is where my sword fell." After the ship landed, he jumped into the water from the marked place to look for the sword. The ship went far, but the sword didn't. Isn't it silly to find a sword like this?
People who would rather believe their size than their feet when buying shoes.
[Original] Zheng people with shoes, first measure their feet and sit on them. Go to town and forget to fuck it. Having fulfilled his promise, he said, "I forgot to insist." Instead, it is. The anti-urban strike cannot be realized. People say, "Why not try?" Yue: "I would rather be reliable than confident." (Han Fei "Han Feizi? Foreign reserves say left ")
And Guo, he wants to buy a pair of shoes. He first measured his feet at home and put them on the seat. When I went to the market, I forgot to measure. He has got the shoes, and he said, "I forgot my size." Go home and take your measurements. By the time he came back, the market had already dispersed, and he didn't buy shoes at last. Someone asked him, "Why don't you try on the size of your shoes with your own feet?" He replied, "I would rather believe in size than my own feet!" " "
Waiting for unexpected gains
[Original] Song people have cultivators. There is a factory in Tanaka. The rabbit broke its neck and died. Stand by and watch because you released this plant, hoping to get the rabbit back. Rabbits are hard to get, but as a song, they are small fruits. (Han Fei "Han Feizi? Five thorns ")
Once upon a time, there was a farmer in Song State. There is a stump in his field. One day, a rabbit running fast ran into a stump, broke its neck and died. From then on, the farmer gave up farming and waited by the stump every day, hoping to get another rabbit. Of course, the rabbit didn't wait, but he himself became the laughing stock of Song State.
5. Su Dongpo's Excerpts from Ai Zi's Prose in Classical Chinese.
People used to know how to hunt storks, so they bought guns and went to the original place. It turned out that the rabbit got up and threw it at me. Can't fly, throw it on the ground. Throw it again. Throw it on the ground. Three or four. The man suddenly faltered, "I'm a duck, too." Killing and eating are my duties. Why bother me to throw it? " The man said, "I call you a stork." You can hunt rabbit ears, but you are a duck! " He raised his hand and smiled and said, "Look at my feet. Can I win him a rabbit? "
Buy a duck and catch it.
Once upon a time, there was a man who wanted to go hunting, but he didn't know falcons, so he bought a duck and went to the wild.
A rabbit suddenly jumped out, and he immediately threw a duck to chase it. The duck couldn't fly and fell to the ground. He grabbed it and threw it out again, but the duck still fell to the ground. This was repeated three times. The duck suddenly stood up from the ground, waddled up to his master and explained to him, "I am a duck." It is my duty to be killed and eat meat. Why should I chase rabbits? "
The man said, "I thought you were an eagle and could chase rabbits, but I didn't expect you to be a duck!" " "
The duck raised its paw and said to its master, "Do you think I can catch rabbits with my paws?"
Moral: To play a person's role correctly, we must know his strengths and weaknesses.
Trivial things obscure someone's views on important things.
Chu people live in poverty, reading Huai Nan Zi: "You have to wait for the cicada to block the leaves before you can become invisible." So I picked up the leaves under the tree. Mantis holds leaves and waits for cicadas to pick them, and the leaves fall under the tree. There are fallen leaves under the tree, which can't be separated. Sweep it and take a few barrels back. I blocked myself with leaves one by one and asked his wife, "Have you seen me?" At first, my wife always replied that she saw it, but after a day, she was tired and said to the cloud, "No", silently rejoicing. Ye entered the market and brought people from the opposite side. Officials then bound Yixian. The county magistrate was resigned and told the whole story. The officer smiled and let it go.
Translation:
There was a very poor man in Chu State. Only after reading Huainan Fang did I know that when mantis catches cicada, it covers itself with a leaf so that cicada can't see itself. So he stood on his back under the tree and picked leaves. When he saw the mantis climb on the leaves to detect cicadas, he took off the leaves. As a result, the leaves fell to the ground. There are many leaves under the tree, and he can no longer tell which one he wants to use to be invisible. So he swept back buckets of leaves and used them to cover himself bucket by bucket. He also asks his wife from time to time, "Can you see me?"
My wife always says at the beginning, "I can see." I'm tired of being disturbed by him all day, and my husband is still pestering me. My wife simply coaxed him into saying, "I can't see." The man smiled and looked happy. He took this leaf and ran to the street, stealing things in front of others, and was caught by officials and sent to the county government. When the county magistrate asked him, he told the whole story truthfully. The magistrate laughed without punishment and let him go. . . .
It shows that this fable satirizes nerds and people who do bad things-they always think there are clever ways to cover up disgraceful things, but in fact, paper can't cover up the fire.
Wang Xuan is good at shooting.
Original text:
Wang Xuan is good at shooting, saying that people say they can be strong, but in fact they only use three stones. In order to show the left and right, both sides tried and stopped at the middle pass. They all said, "Who can use it without nine stones?" Wang Xuan likes it, but Wang Xuan can't use three stones, but he thinks he has nine stones in his life. Three stones, real also; Nine stones, the name is also. Wang Xuan liked his name, but he forgot it.
Translation:
Qi Xuanwang likes archery and being told that he can use a strong bow. In fact, his bow has only three stones. He showed the bow to the ministers, and all the ministers tried it, but only half of it was pulled. They all said, "This bow is not less than nine stones. Who can use it except the king? " Qi Xuanwang was very happy. However, Xuan Wang only used a bow with three stones. He thought he had used a bow with nine stones all his life. Three stones are real and nine stones are fake. Wang Xuan likes pseudonyms, but he loses the truth.
6. Classical Chinese excerpts, more articles (1) Xi Liuying
The emperor went to comfort the army himself. When they arrived at the camp of the tyrant and thorn, they drove troops to attack the entrance, and the general and his men rode horses. Then he came to Fine, where all the officers and men were dressed in armor, equipped with sharp weapons, with bows and arrows, bows and arrows, full moon in the sky, and heavily guarded. The emperor's advance guard came to the camp and was not allowed to enter. The outpost said, "The emperor will come." . "A general of the military gate said," your legend said, "The army has heard of your legend, but not the imperial edict of the son of heaven." . So, the superior messenger wrote to the general: "I want to join the Chiyou army." Yafu is rumored to open the door. Officials at the gate of the wall said that they belonged to the chariot and said, "The general agreed that the army should not drive away." So the son of heaven is according to Xu Hang. General Yafu arrived at the camp with a soldier. He said that the man who introduced him did not pay a courtesy call. The emperor was moved and the car was changed, which made people thank him: "The emperor respects the old general." Ceremony. The exquisite Liu Junying Gate amazed many ministers. Wendi said, "Well, this is really a general! Those who beat up the army and stab the door army will be attacked and captured if they play with their ears. As for Yafu, you can get it and do evil! "
(2) Meng Mu resigned.
When Mencius was young, he recited and his mother knitted. Mencius came to an abrupt end, but resumed. Knowing his obituary, his mother called and asked, "What is suspension?" Right: "Lost and recovered." His mother picked up a knife to cut his knitting in order to quit. Since then, Mencius has stopped making obituaries.
(3) Ouyang Xiu's essays
/kloc-at the age of 0/8, Sun Xin met Ouyang Wenzhong and tried to ask him in words. Yun: "there is no other way, that is, study hard and do more and work hard for yourself;" The world suffers from writing less and is lazy to read. Every article published is asking for help, so few people come. Don't blame others for the defects, you can see them yourself.
(4) Above Mo Chi
Above Mo Chi, it is now a public school. Professor Wang Junsheng is worried that he can't write a chapter. The book revealed the words "Have an Army". He said to Gong, "I wish I had a note." Pushing Wang Jun's heart, although the lover can be abolished, is it good because of his evil deeds? It also wants to encourage its scholars to do evil? My wife has the ability to make future generations do the same. How can the legacy of a benevolent scholar remain in the afterlife?
(5) People learn from scholars,
People learned from scholars that Dong Yu (Ming) refused to teach, and the cloud "must read it a hundred times first". He added: "Read it a hundred times and you will understand what you mean." From the scholar cloud: "Suffering from the sun." Dong Yuyan: "After three o'clock." Or ask what "three or more" means, Dong Yuyan said: "Winter people are at leisure, night people are at leisure, and rain people are at leisure (farming time)."
7. Excerpted from China Classical Encyclopedia: A semi-essay about Le Yangzi's wife.
Henan Leyangzi's wife doesn't know He's daughter.
The sheep tasted the road, got a golden cake and returned it to his wife. The wife said, "I heard that people with lofty ideals don't drink the water that steals the spring, and honest people don't get their food." What's wrong? " The sheep was ashamed, but donated money to the wild and asked the teacher to learn.
A year later, his wife knelt down and asked him why. The sheep said, "It doesn't make any difference if you think about it for a long time." The wife pointed a knife at the machine and said, "This kind of weaving was born from the cocoon and formed on the loom. A little tired, even inch by inch, and then become a horse. If we stop knitting today, we will lose success and waste time. Master accumulates learning, and when he knows his death, he is also virtuous; What's the difference if you go back to the middle road? " The sheep felt his words and returned to his last career, so he didn't return for seven years. I tasted it and gave up the chicken and went into the park. My aunt stole and killed, and my wife cried without eating. Gu Guai asked her why. The wife said: "I hurt myself, and I lived very poor before I could eat." Ignore it.
A thief who wants to marry must rob his aunt first. Hearing this, the wife came out with a knife. The thief said, "whoever releases your sword from me can do it all. Whoever doesn't come with me will kill your aunt." The wife looked up at the sky, sighed, raised her knife and choked to death. A thief won't kill his aunt. Hearing this, the satrap killed the thief, gave silks and his wife a burial, and posthumous title became "true".
Zhongyong's regret
Fang Zhongyong, a native of Jinxi, is cultivated in the world. Zhong Yongsheng lived for five years and didn't understand books and tools. Suddenly he cried for it. Father, on the other hand, borrowed each other to get close, that is, he wrote four sentences and named himself. His poems were written for adoptive parents and families and passed down to a scholar in a township. Nature refers to things as poetry, and its arts and sciences are considerable. People in the city are very surprised. They are a little nicer to their father or beg with coins. My father's interest is natural, and he will always pay tribute to the city people and let him be ignorant.
I've been listening for a long time. In Ming Dow, it has been twelve or thirteen years since our ancestors went home and saw them at my uncle's house. To write a poem, you can't call it the smell of the past. After another seven years, I returned to Yangzhou and asked my uncle how he was. Said, "Everyone's gone." .
The prince said: Zhong Yong's understanding is also an act of God. It is also blessed, far more virtuous than talents. If a chess piece is owned by everyone, it will not be influenced by others. He is a man who receives heaven, so he is a saint, and he who does not receive heaven is for all; Today's husband is not subject to heaven, and he is not subject to heaven, only for everyone.
Xiaoshitangji
Go west from the mountain 120 steps, pass through the bamboo forest, and smell the sound of water, such as singing the music of huáng and Xin (lè) of pèi. Cut bamboo and walk along the road. When you see the small pool below, the water is especially clear (liè). The whole stone is at the bottom, near the shore, and the bottom of the stone rolls out, which is called "Qi", "Jade", "Qu" (kān) and "Rock". Lush trees (màn), dense collaterals (zhuì ?), and poor ginseng (cēn) (cē). There are hundreds of fish in the pond. They are all swimming in the air. When the sun is shining, the shadow is on the stone, but it is still; You (chù) passed away, and all of a sudden, you seem to have a good time with the tourists. In the southwest of Wangchi, there is a snake with a (dǒu) bend and a flicker. Their shore potentials are different from each other and their sources are unknown. Sitting by the pool, surrounded by bamboo forests, lonely (liáo) no one, sad cold, sad (qi m: o) (Chu dang) quiet (Su). It is too clear to live for a long time, but remember. Companions: Wu Wuling, Gong Gu, Yu Dizong Xuan. Li (Li) and his followers, the second young student in Cui Shi: Yue (Yu) Forgive yourself and Yi (Yρ).
Jia Ren broke his word.
Some Jia people crossed the river, covered their boats, perched on floating rafts and shouted for help. Some fishermen rescued them by boat. Before he arrived, Jia Ren said, "If I have money, I can save me and give you 100 yuan. The fishermen who come ashore will get ten gold coins. The fisherman said, "How about giving Xu 100 gold now and 10 gold now?" "Jia Ren said cheerfully," If fishermen are also involved, what can be gained from fishing in one day? "Isn't it enough to get ten gold now?" The fisherman was silent. Another day, Jia people crossed the river to build a boat, but the fisherman was not there. Or: "Why not save it?" The fisherman said, "The one who promised not to give money!" " Not long ago, Jia people didn't
Peasant women and emus
Once upon a time, there was a peasant woman in southern Anhui who was getting her salary by the river. When she heard birds singing, she seemed to moan. Cooked, yes. The woman took it and saw blood on her wings, suspecting that she was injured. When the woman comes back, she will be cured for ten days. When I was leaving, I laughed frequently, as if thanking you. For more than a month, dozens of emus came to live in the farm garden and laid many eggs every day. Women can't bear market, just brood chickens in droves. After two years, the peasant woman's family became rich and Gaichuang's newspaper was published.