The most interesting feature of aluminum alloy laser welding is its high efficiency, and to give full play to this high efficiency, it needs to be applied to thick and deep penetration welding. Therefore, it will be an inevitable trend to study and use high-power laser for deep penetration welding with large thickness in the future. Deep penetration welding with large thickness highlights the pinhole phenomenon and its influence on weld porosity, so the pinhole formation mechanism and its control become more important and will surely become a hot issue of concern and research in academia and industry in the future.

Improving the stability of laser welding process, weld formation and welding quality is the goal that people pursue. Therefore, new technologies such as laser-arc composite technology, wire-filled laser welding, preset powder laser welding, double focusing technology and beam shaping will be further improved and developed.

In addition, it is found that there are several amperes of intrinsic current in the CO2 laser welding pool, and the external magnetic field in the welding zone will affect the flow state of the pool and the shape and stability of the photo-induced plasma. Therefore, using some form of magnetic field can improve the stability and welding quality of aluminum alloy laser welding process. Therefore, using the electromagnetic force formed by the auxiliary current to control the flow state of the molten pool, thus improving the stability of the welding process and improving the weld quality, may also attract more researchers' attention.

I found it on Dr. Al's website.