There are three types of gestational diabetes, the first is pre-pregnancy diabetes, the second is pre-pregnancy diabetes as recessive diabetes, which develops into clinical diabetes after pregnancy, and the third is new-onset diabetes during pregnancy. The incidence of gestational diabetes is 1? ~6.6? The incidence in China is less than 1%.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a high-risk pregnancy, which seriously harms the health of mother and baby. We must pay attention to it and cooperate closely with doctors to spend pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum safely.

Obesity (more than 20% of standard weight) or urine sugar (? ) or urinate sugar twice in a row? Pregnant women with obvious family history of diabetes, history of fetal macrosomia, stillbirth, teratoma delivery, polyhydramnios or repeated fungal infections, or pregnant women with symptoms such as eating and drinking more, polyuria, weight loss ("three more and one less") and visual impairment during pregnancy should go to the hospital as soon as possible to confirm whether they have gestational diabetes.

Hyperglycemia can lead to fetal malformation. When suffering from diabetes, under the influence of harmful factors such as hyperglycemia, the fetus may have central nervous system malformations such as spina bifida in the sixth week of pregnancy, kidney malformations in the seventh week of pregnancy, and heart malformations in the eighth week of pregnancy. Organ formation occurs in the first 8 weeks of pregnancy, and then the organ has been finalized. If diabetes is strictly controlled after pregnancy is confirmed, it will not help to prevent fetal malformation. Therefore, in order to prevent fetal malformation, blood sugar should be controlled in the normal or near-normal range before pregnancy and early pregnancy. It should be noted that hypoglycemic agents can not control blood sugar orally, because hypoglycemic agents also have teratogenic effects on the fetus, so insulin injection should be used instead.