(Huang Renchu)

Table of herbicides commonly used in nursery and their application methods

The general name of machinery used in nursery seedling raising operation. Including seed treatment, soil disinfection, soil preparation, fertilization, bed building, sowing, cutting, irrigation, intertillage weeding, topdressing, thinning seedlings, bed changing and transplanting, pest control, seedling emergence, seedling grading, bundling and packaging, seedling transportation and other machinery. Because some of its working conditions are similar to agriculture, the nursery can use agricultural machinery such as plowshare, disc plow, rotary cultivator, fertilizer applicator, pest control and so on. Nursery special machinery includes bed maker, seeder, transplanter, cutter and seedling lifter.

sower

It consists of a seed box, a seed metering device, a seed guide tube, a ditcher and a soil covering compaction device. ① Seed box: used for holding tree seeds or sowing mixed materials. There is a certain volume, which generally needs to accommodate 1.5 ~ 2 hours of sowing materials. Made of wood or iron, it is a long box with an inverted cone or trapezoid cross section. There are seed metering holes at the bottom of the box, and seeds can flow to the seed metering holes by gravity. ② Seed metering device: used for uniform and quantitative seed metering. There are three types: mechanical, pneumatic and pneumatic mechanical. Mechanical seed metering device includes outer grooved wheel, inner cam, spoon wheel, butterfly wheel, rope type, friction type, centrifugal type, vibration type and brush type, among which the outer grooved wheel is used most, with simple structure and convenient adjustment. Pneumatic seed metering device is generally used for single seed sowing. Its working part is a cylinder with holes, and negative pressure is generated in the cylinder by a suction pump. When the cylinder rotates in the seed box, the seeds are adsorbed on the holes and rotate with the cylinder. When it turns to the position of the seed metering port, the seeds are wrapped by the seed container and discharged from the seed metering port. Pneumatic mechanical seed metering device, using centrifugal mechanical seed metering device to discharge seeds, and then using pneumatic conveying to the ditcher. ③ Seed guide tube: used to guide the seeds output by the seed metering device to the ditcher. When the seeds pass through the seed guide tube, the uniformity of seed flow can be improved and the sowing quality can be improved. The seed guide tube is mostly made of steel, rubber or plastic, which can swing freely when working, and does not hinder the outflow of seeds. ④ Trencher: According to its structure, it can be divided into disc type, shovel type and flange type. Disc ditcher is divided into single disc and double disc. When working, the disc rotates and is not easily blocked by soil and grass. The hoe shovel type is suitable for sowing small and medium-sized seeds with good adaptability. Flange ditcher presses out shallow sowing ditch by weight, which is suitable for sowing small seeds. ⑤ Covering and compacting device: It is used to cover and compact the sown seeds, and usually consists of a covering device and a compacting device. Some seeds need to be covered with sand or other covering materials after sowing, and corresponding covering devices should be used.

transplanting machine

Consists of a seedling box, a ditcher, a seedling planting mechanism and a soil covering compactor. Its working principle is the same as that of the tree planting machine, and it can be divided into automatic and semi-automatic types. Due to the limitation of mechanical size, only 6 ~ 8 rows can be planted on the seedbed. The above two kinds of transplanters must be matched with low-gear tractors.

The development trend of nursery machinery is: from single working machinery to multi-process combined working machinery; Universal rack is adopted to realize multi-purpose of one machine.