Etiology of micrognathia syndrome
Micromandibular deformity syndrome is rare, once it happens, it is difficult to cure, so what are the causes of micrognathia syndrome?
Micromandibular deformity syndrome is generally due to the influence of external toxic substances when it is in the mother's body. For example, the chemical content in the living environment exceeds the standard, which leads to the incomplete development of the child's mandible and causes mandibular deformity. This kind of situation can be treated by surgery according to the specific situation, and the chance of cure is also very high.
Micromandibular deformity syndrome can be accompanied by deafness, hyperplasia, congenital heart disease, mental retardation and so on caused by eye defects, skeletal deformities, auricle deformities, abnormal middle and inner ear structures. Typically, there is inspiratory airway obstruction from birth, sometimes accompanied by wheezing, cyanosis, and inspiratory depression under ribs and sternum, which is caused by mandibular hypoplasia and cleft palate. The tongue occupies a large gap and droops backwards.
Microjaw syndrome gene
Micromandibular deformity syndrome looks silly, but it is actually just a manifestation of micrognathia syndrome, not really stupid. So what is the gene of micrognathia syndrome?
Micromandibular deformity syndrome is a developmental abnormality, not a single genetic disease. If the genetic test results do not find a clear pathogenic mutation. Then it has nothing to do with herpes virus infection. The risk of recurrence of this disease is very low. If you are pregnant again, you can do a good prenatal examination.
Micromandibular deformity syndrome is a cleft palate caused by mandibular retraction. If the mandibular retraction seriously blocks the airway, causing children to have difficulty breathing and eating, this problem usually occurs in newborns. This abnormal fetal development is usually caused by gene mutation. Therefore, in daily life, we should avoid chewing cold and hard foods such as nuts for a long time, and avoid frequent habits such as clenching teeth, biting teeth when nervous, biting pencils and biting nails.
What are the ultrasonic manifestations of micrognathia syndrome?
Micromandibular deformity syndrome can be found during pregnancy, so what is the ultrasonic manifestation of micrognathia syndrome?
Ultrasound examination of micrognathia syndrome showed a single live fetus in uterus, breech position, biparietal diameter of fetal head of 7.3 cm, short adduction of face and mandible, no mandible, low position of ears, round and slender neck, about 4.4 cm long, nearly 4.2 cm in front and back, visceral inversion of liver, gallbladder moving in the middle of upper abdomen, unclear bubble display in dynamic observation, and no obvious cystic structure in back.
When micrognathia syndrome is complicated with infection, the white blood cell count and neutrophils in peripheral blood increase significantly; When hypoxemia occurs, PaO2 decreases and PaCO2 increases. X-ray chest film, echocardiography, electrocardiogram and other examinations are selected according to the clinic. At ordinary times, we should strengthen feeding care and nutrition, improve the degree of micrognathia, and prevent suffocation and lower respiratory tract infection.
Treatment of micrognathia syndrome
Micromandibular deformity syndrome is usually caused by heredity, so what is the treatment of micrognathia syndrome?
Micromandibular deformity syndrome is an autosomal dominant genetic disease. The main manifestations are mandibular dysplasia, small mandible and retroversion of tongue. 50% to 70% are accompanied by cleft palate and dysphagia. Dyspnea, long-term hypoxemia, blue complexion, backward growth and development, and poor weight gain occurred shortly after birth. In terms of treatment, if severe dyspnea occurs, tracheal intubation can be performed first, and then surgical tongue suspension and mandibular repair can be performed.
Children with micrognathia syndrome have drooping tongue and blocked respiratory tract. Under normal circumstances, the root of tongue relies on the traction and support of mandibular lingual muscle combined with mandibular chin. Therefore, when the micrognathia can move backward from the anterior position, the root of the tongue will droop, and the oropharyngeal isthmus will contract and be blocked, resulting in airway obstruction. Because of airway obstruction and breast-feeding disorder, children can have compensatory enhancement of inspiratory action and sucking force, which will increase the negative pressure in the thoracic esophagus of hypopharynx and force the base of tongue to droop backwards. At the same time, a large amount of air enters the stomach, which can cause nausea and other phenomena.