1 Preparation before sowing
1.1 Selection of improved varieties According to local environmental conditions, varieties with low temperature resistance in the early stage and high temperature resistance in the later stage, strong disease resistance, strong growth potential and high yield are selected.
1.2 preparation of seedbed: 6 parts of field soil, 3 parts of decomposed organic fertilizer and 1 part of decomposed horse manure, which have not been planted with melon vegetables in recent years, are selected as nutrient soil for seedbed, and then mixed and sieved. The screened nutrient soil can be mixed with some chemicals to prevent seedling damping-off and damping-off. The size of the seedbed should be determined according to the area of the field.
1.3 seeds are soaked and germinated 1-3 days before sowing, then the seeds are scalded with warm water at 55-6℃ for 1-15 min, and the water temperature is continuously stirred until it drops to 3-35℃, then the seeds are repeatedly rubbed, and the mucus is washed with clear water and soaked for 3-4 hours. The seeds can be soaked in .1% carbendazim hydrochloride solution containing active ingredients for 1 h, washed with clear water and then soaked with clear water for 4 h, then taken out and washed for l times, drained, dried, wrapped with wet cloth, germinated at 28 ~ 32℃ for 1 ~ 2 d, and sowed when the seeds are 7% white.
2 timely sowing
The sowing date of cucumber in early spring is in the middle and late January; After autumn, it is generally advisable to sow cucumbers from August to early September.
3 Soil preparation and fertilization
Balanced fertilization should be achieved according to the law of cucumber growth and development and soil nutrient content. Generally, 7/5, kg of high-quality decomposed organic fertilizer, 3 kg of urea, 1,125 kg of calcium superphosphate and 45 kg of potassium sulfate are applied per hectare, and then the soil is turned over to make the border and the plastic film is buckled in the greenhouse.
4 colonization
when the seedlings have 2 leaves and 1 heart, they can be colonized, and they should be carried out in sunny morning or evening. The planting density is 5/25, plants/h, and a small arch shed is fastened on the border after planting.
5 Field management
5.1 Temperature management The temperature is kept at about 3℃ in the morning on a sunny day and dropped to 2 ~ 25℃ in the afternoon; Keep it at 16 ~ 17℃ in the first half of the night and 11 ~ 13℃ in the second half of the night. Ventilation is used to adjust the temperature, and the greenhouse is mainly natural ventilation.
5.2 topdressing combined with watering at the fruit-setting stage, with topdressing of 45 kg urea, 75 kg potassium sulfate or 15 kg high nitrogen and high potassium fertilizer per hectare each time.
5.3 after water management and field planting, water the seedlings once, and when the cucumber grows to 12 leaves, water the second time. After entering the fruiting period, water according to the growth and weather. It is best not to water cucumber 7 ~ 1 d before vine falling, so as to reduce the water content of stem and vine tissue and enhance the toughness of stem and vine tissue.
5.4 when there are many female flowers in summer, the side branches below 6 ~ 8 nodes should be removed in time in the early stage to reduce nutrient consumption. When the main vine grows to 25 ~ 3 true leaves, pinch the tips, and then appropriately increase the application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer.
5.5 pest control
5.5.1 downy mildew. At the initial stage of the disease, 75% Baijunjing wettable powder 5 times+thiophanate methyl 5 times or 6 times 64% antivirus alum wettable powder can be sprayed; In the middle stage of the disease, DuPont Kelu, Anke+Pinrun mixed solution or Ceximalin+Mancozeb mixed solution were used. See the product description for the dosage. When spraying, spray evenly on both sides. In the late stage of the disease, all the diseased leaves were removed and prevented by high temperature and stuffy shed.
5.5.2 bacterial angular leaf spot. Spraying neophytomycin 5 times solution, 77% kocide wettable powder 4 times solution, 47% Garenon wettable powder 6-8 times solution and 7% copper metalaxyl wettable powder 6 times solution at the initial stage of the disease, the above agents can be used alternately, once every 7-1 days and continuously for 3-4 times.
5.5.3 liriomyza sativae. Using fly-killing paper to trap and kill adults, 225 trapping and killing points were set per hectare from the beginning to the end of the adult boom, and L fly-killing paper was placed at each point to trap and kill adults, and it was replaced once every 3 ~ 4 days; When there are 5 larvae on a leaf of a damaged crop. Before the 2nd instar, the larvae began to move to the leaf surface at 8 ~ 11 o'clock when the dew dried. Or when the mature larvae emerge from the wormway, they are sprayed with 1,5 times of 25% Banqianjing EC, 3, times of 1.8% Aifuding EC, 2, times of 5% cis-fenvalerate EC, 5 times of 25% bisultap, 8 times of 98% monosultap soluble powder, 2, times of 1% synergistic 751 bio-insecticide, and 1.5%. One of 2% Kangfuduo concentrated dissolvable solution 4, times, 5% chlorhexidine EC 2, times, 36% acaricide EC 1, ~ 1,5 times and 5% chlorhexidine EC 2, times. The best control time is at the peak of adult emergence from 8: am to 12: am. In addition, biological control methods can also be used, such as releasing parasitoids such as wasps to parasitize liriomyza huidobrensis. The effect is better.