Language is the most important means of communication in human society, and any form of language barrier will bring great inconvenience to people's life, study and work. The extreme example of language barrier is deaf-mute, and the second place is probably stuttering. Unlike deaf people, stuttering is not an organic disease (that is, the pronunciation system of stuttering patients is not damaged), but a pure psychological disease. The key feature of this disease is that the mental reflex mechanism of stutterers is wrong when they speak, which leads to laryngeal muscle tension. Therefore, we should have a correct understanding of stuttering before treatment, and then adopt the method of combining psychotherapy with oral practice to gradually establish a new conditioned reflex mechanism to achieve the purpose of correction. Modern Chinese Dictionary explains that the repetition of sounds or the interruption of words and phrases when speaking is a habitual language defect, commonly known as stuttering. However, the latest research holds that stuttering should be defined by whether they are psychologically afraid of speaking, because many stutterers are equally nervous before speaking and during speaking, although they do not stutter on the surface, just because they skillfully use word substitution and other methods to cover up their stuttering. Therefore, it is necessary to correctly judge whether you stutter or not, or whether you are afraid to speak in your heart. When it comes to the physiological and psychological process of stuttering, we can't help but mention the types of people's tension. According to foreign reports, people will have different nervous reactions when facing external pressure. For example, when many excellent athletes participate in major competitions, they often have abdominal muscle tension or back muscle tension. Moderate tension in these parts is very helpful to improve their sports performance. However, there are still 2% people in the world who are nervous when facing external pressure. Almost all stutterers come from this 2% population. Through fluoroscopy instruments such as B-ultrasound, we can observe the tension of laryngeal muscles during stuttering. The stutterer himself will also feel uncomfortable symptoms such as tight throat and lifting his voice when he is nervous. So what happened during stuttering and before and after stuttering? Simply put, the stutterer faces the situation of speaking and then begins to think about what he wants to say. When they were ready to say something, they found that it was not smooth, so they began to get nervous, their throats began to tighten, their breathing became rapid, and the diaphragm rose. Some people are nervously looking for words that can replace those annoying words, or ways to avoid talking, while others have to start talking. However, at this time, the glottis are closed, no sound can be made, and even the related muscle groups are nervous, but the instruction given by the brain is that you must speak. As a result, it is difficult for sound to be emitted through the locked throat. When stuttering happens, the stutterer feels the contemptuous eyes of others and his self-esteem is strongly stimulated. The idea of avoiding stuttering goes further. In fact, a negative feedback process goes further. As can be seen from the above description, the physiological crux of stuttering is the tension of laryngeal muscles. There is no racial difference in this phenomenon, and the story and psychological process of each stutterer are almost the same. People who stutter don't want to stutter, but they can't control what happens. They spend a lot of time trying to avoid stuttering, but the result is always the same. So everyone regards stutterers as an alternative and as people who don't like to talk. Actually, people who stutter have a lot to say to others. People who stutter hope for a miracle every day and never stutter again. But the result is always disappointing. Most stutterers have no stuttering symptoms in childhood, but when they start to form language habits around the age of four or five, they often form stuttering habits by imitating inappropriate educational methods of others and their families. Stuttering is an embarrassing thing, and people who have stuttering habits often become the object of ridicule. Therefore, once they suffer from stuttering, most people will try their best to overcome it, and then try their best to cover up the fact that they stutter when talking to others, and they feel nervous. In this way, a vicious circle has formed over time, and stuttering has not been overcome, but has worsened. Stuttering patients will become more and more irritable, and even have tension headaches and cold sweats. According to research at home and abroad, stutterers have different psychological reactions in childhood and adulthood. Children who stutter generally don't care too much about stuttering, and the conditioned reflex of stuttering in this period has not been fully established in the brain, so it is an easy period to correct. Adults with stuttering are constantly frustrated in social communication due to the pressure of love and work, so they often form bad psychological reactions such as inferiority and paranoia, and generally lack confidence in themselves, which seriously affects their social achievements. Many people believe that they would do better without stuttering. A survey in the United States proves that the income of stutterers is significantly lower than that of normal people. However, some stutterers gradually mature after entering middle age, and then overcome stuttering. Prove that stuttering can be overcome. 4. the psychological basis of correcting stuttering stuttering is a stubborn psychological conditioned reflex. There are even data abroad showing that the stress type of stutterers is determined by genes, so there is no cure. However, in fact, many people's stuttering has finally been corrected, especially after the emergence of "language shaping method", more and more people have been cured, so we should have confidence and patience to correct our stuttering. The therapeutic principle of "language shaping method" is to replace old habits with new language habits and replace old conditioned reflex with new conditioned reflex. Because the psychological reflex of stuttering is extremely stubborn, it will take a long time to replace the old reflex with a new conditioned reflex, and it will be repeated, so everyone should be mentally prepared. Judging whether your correction has made progress mainly depends on whether your nervousness has been alleviated to a great extent and whether the frequency of speaking nervousness is getting less and less. If so, it is proved to be effective. If not, please contact us as soon as possible and ask questions in the netizen forum, and we will give you an answer in time. In fact, stuttering is a bad oral exercise habit, which can be corrected just like other bad exercise habits. Just because speaking is something that everyone knows, it will make a fool of yourself if you don't speak well, which makes stuttering a special habit. The process of overcoming stuttering is somewhat similar to learning to swim. When people can't swim, they often make a fool of themselves, and they can't float or swim with all their strength, especially when they have difficulty breathing, they can't spit it out or suck it in, let alone feel uncomfortable. Once you have mastered the swimming skills and found the feeling, you will feel that swimming is really the most comfortable sport in the world. The treatment of stuttering is to learn to relax and breathe normally first, then combine the speech action with the breathing action, and finally combine the two perfectly, so that you can think it is completely cured. 5. Classification of stutterers According to symptoms, stutterers can be roughly divided into two categories, one is dominant and the other is recessive. Most stutterers are dominant, that is, people who stutter at ordinary times. There are also some patients who are recessive, that is, they can't see signs of eating when they talk at ordinary times, but they are psychologically nervous about stuttering. Some people stutter on only a few words, but after a while, they will get stuck on other words. These situations often make people feel as if the symptoms are very mild, but from the psychological reflection, recessive patients are not lighter than dominant patients. Implicit patients can't be found, and even their families don't know that they have stuttering problems, because they use a technique called "word replacement", that is, when they encounter a stuck word, they change a word or put it another way. In the process of conversation, they often nervously look for words that may get stuck in what they want to say, and then quickly look for alternative words and vocabulary. On the surface, they have no stuttering problem, but their psychology is the same. Such people often avoid saying what they have to say. For example, when ordering food in restaurants, they often ask others to do it for them. If they have to order, they will choose dishes whose names will not make them talk. As a result, they often order dishes they don't like. The technique of "word substitution" may have been used by all stutterers, but recessive patients are more proficient. 6. It is easy to cause stuttering. Many stutterers have completely different performances on different occasions. For example, someone can tell some anecdotes at the dinner table, but when someone asks him more serious questions, he will immediately get nervous. Some people stutter in front of leaders or authorities, some people stutter in front of their own families, some people stutter in front of strangers, some people stutter when they are sick or tired, some people stutter after eating irritating foods such as peppers, and many people stutter when they call, and so on. Of course, many people stutter in one or two of the above situations at the same time. But in some cases, even ordinary people are nervous, but they don't stutter. For example, some famous actors usually stutter, but once they enter the role, the stuttering phenomenon disappears. Even some people who stutter are speakers, such as Churchill and Lenin. They are the greatest speakers in the 20th century, but they are actually stutterers. It is said that Churchill used "word substitution" technology, so his vocabulary was extremely rich, and he even won the Nobel Prize in Literature. He will recite the speech before each speech, and then after the speech enters the state, he is just like a normal person, even more inspiring than others. 7. History of stuttering treatment Maybe people have stuttering after they have a language, so they can't tell when the earliest treatment for stuttering was, but obviously once they have stuttering, someone will try to treat the disease. The earliest treatment record we know is in ancient Greece, when a stutterer named Demosthenes decided to become an orator. In order to correct his stuttering, he practices speaking at the seaside with a stone in his mouth every day. It is said that he finally overcame his stuttering and became a famous speaker at that time. However, according to modern research, the method of containing stones in the mouth can divert attention and improve speech at the initial stage, but it will lose its effect if it is used for a long time. Later, in the last century, some people thought that the root of stuttering was the sublingual frenulum, so they cut the frenulum through surgery, and the result was of course ineffective. Later, some people thought that the stutterer's tongue was too big and bulky, which led to stuttering, so someone had an operation to reshape the tongue, which made the pronunciation more ambiguous. Some people find that anesthetics can relieve stuttering (for example, some people can relieve stuttering symptoms after drinking), so they use anesthetics to treat stuttering. No matter what the effect is, narcotic addiction will cause more harm than stuttering, and they know that this method will not work. In China, there is even a way to slap in the face on rainy days, which is even more silly. Later, some people in Russia practiced writing to correct stuttering. Some people find that stutterers are different from normal people when they hear their own voice, so they design a repeater with delay function, so that stutterers can hear their own voice and slow down unconsciously to achieve the method of correcting stuttering. At present, the most popular method is "language shaping", that is, replacing old language habits with new ones. This method is used in this website, but we have added some contents according to our own experience to make this method more effective. After reading the above words, I believe everyone has a general understanding of stuttering and its treatment. First of all, you can find that stuttering is completely correctable. Don't listen to what stuttering can't be corrected. However, you should also be mentally prepared. Stuttering cannot be cured overnight. Even if you use the method of this site to achieve results, you should keep practicing and don't give up easily. Once you give up, it will often lead to repeated symptoms. Therefore, for those who want to be completely corrected, confidence and patience are necessary. In view of the particularity of stuttering, before treatment, we need to remind everyone to develop good habits of work and rest, stay away from situations that are easy to cause tension, watch less horror movies and play less video games, and try to correct them in a relaxed atmosphere. After achieving the effect, you can gradually carry out psychological exercises from the situation of low tension until you can cope with all social problems.