1 colonization

There are three kinds of planting seedlings, which are bare root planting alone or bare root dipping in mud; Border planting soil ball seedlings and small container cultivation seedlings. Simple pottery pots with a diameter of 16-20cm are often selected for planting. Pad the hole at the bottom of the basin, fill it with a layer of organic fertilizer with a thickness of 1 ~ 1.5cm, or with 2 ~ 3 hooves, and then fill it with cultivation soil.

1, bare-root seedling colonization

Bare-rooted seedlings are excavated without any protection. After excavation, remove the host soil and dip it in mud, or wrap it with moss to protect the roots. Bare-rooted seedlings are mostly seedlings left in bed for 2 ~ 3 years. Most of the seedlings dipped in mud and covered with moss are long-distance transportation seedlings. When these seedlings are planted in pots, the branches should be trimmed properly first. Fertile soil and soil cultivated with organic fertilizer can't be in direct contact with roots. The soil in contact with the root system should be plain sandy soil, humus soil or common garden soil to avoid the reducing substances in the immature part of the fertilizer from damaging the root system. After planting, it should be placed in a semi-cool and humid place. If there is a greenhouse or a small bow shed can be built, it should be placed in a small bow shed or a sunny place in the greenhouse. If you don't have this condition, you can also put it in the lee of the sun, spray water around the leaves and on the site to improve the air humidity in the small environment, and the survival rate will not be too low.

2. Planting soil ball seedlings at the border.

This kind of seedling is generally larger and has a small crown. Before potted plants, in addition to proper pruning, soil balls should be removed to expose some broken roots with larger diameters. If there are many lateral roots on the big roots, it is necessary to cut the big roots with few or no lateral roots with branches, and try to make the soil balls move freely in the basin, so that they can be planted in the center of the basin and directly filled with cultivation soil. For seedlings with no pine cones and more lateral roots, they can be placed in the leeward and sunny places. After watering, always spray water on leaves and places. Seedlings with loose bulbs should be maintained in a semi-shady place, and then gradually moved to direct sunlight for cultivation after resuming growth.

Step 3 plant seedlings in small containers

It is the best way to cultivate osmanthus seedlings, and the survival rate is high after changing pots, which does not affect the growth. The seedlings cultivated in the container with the diameter of 10 ~ 15 cm were taken out of the pot and planted directly in the big pot. Because their roots are not damaged, there is no need to delay seedlings after planting, so there is no fear of stopping growth. Usually, the growth in that year is faster and stronger than the first two methods, and the resistance is stronger than the first two methods.

2 lighting

Osmanthus fragrans likes light and is a positive flower. When cultivating and maintaining, it should be placed in a place with good light and direct sunlight, and like humid air. Pot soil should not be too wet, and the cultivation site should be wet. Insufficient light makes the plant shape messy, leaves grow longer and thinner, flower buds are difficult to transform, and few or no flowers bloom. If the light is insufficient for a long time during the growing period, you should move to the direct sunlight and gradually strengthen the light intensity to prevent sunburn.

3 ventilation

The growth stage should be well ventilated and placed reasonably, with the front low and the back high, not too dense. Plants don't interfere with each other, so it is necessary to open the window for ventilation during the daytime, otherwise the plant shape is messy and it is easy to cause defoliation.

water

An agricultural proverb says, "Three years' scissors and five years' pot make it look ripe that year." "A pot of water is healthy, and half a pot dies. If you don't water it, you can get strong seedlings. " It is said that potted osmanthus flowers are difficult to be wet, drought-resistant, water-resistant, and waterlogging-resistant. Before watering, you should first look at the dry and wet conditions of the soil. It is necessary to achieve the watering method of "watering two pots, watching three pots and turning around". The so-called "three-year cut, five-year pot, ripe in the same year" means that it takes three years to observe and practice, understand the habits of flowers, master the growth law, and then master the operation skillfully. "One pot in five years" means that it takes five years of study and practice to master the correct watering amount and watering time. The so-called "pot water is healthy, half pot dies, and strong seedlings can be obtained without watering" refers to determining the required water amount and the care method after watering according to the comprehensive situation of soil texture, water content, container and weather. In other words, the soil is loose and transparent, which can not only drain well, but also preserve water, and it will not drown if burned in a basin of water; The soil with poor air permeability, easy water accumulation and poor water retention will be drowned if half a pot of water is poured. The same soil, different time, different season, different climate, different culture container texture, different growth, its watering amount is also different. Usually, in the growing season, in sunny days, windy days, dry days and non-high-density material cultivation containers, osmanthus fragrans with vigorous growth needs more water, and vice versa. "If you don't water, you can get strong seedlings" does not mean that you don't water, but depends on the soil moisture content. Of course, you can't water the pot soil before it is dry. If you water it too much, it will hurt your roots and kill your seedlings. In addition, the watering time is used to finding water in the morning and in the afternoon once a day 1 time, which is of course closely related to the above environment. About "watering one pot, looking at two pots, looking at three pots, turning around safely" means that when watering the first pot, looking at the second pot and the third pot, the demand is that the water is poured more thoroughly, the water is poured less and half dry, and the water is not poured, which does not affect the working hours and also provides water reasonably. After watering ten pots, look back to see if there is any water, find out the cause of the water and deal with it to avoid the death of the seedlings. When watering, the water temperature should be basically the same as the air temperature, so as to avoid root damage caused by excessive temperature difference.

5 fertilization

Based on cultivated soil, there is only decomposed manure in the base fertilizer, so the demand for plants is sufficient in a short time. However, with the continuous expansion of plant crown, there are more and more roots, and the demand for nutrients is increasing. Another part of nutrients evaporates from the bottom of the well with the loss of water and the circulation of soil air. Moreover, it is limited by the container and cannot be supplemented by the outside world. Therefore, after entering the vigorous growth period, increasing consumption requires topdressing. This kind of consumption, the bigger the crown, the more consumption; The smaller the crown, the weaker the root system and the smaller the consumption, and the topdressing should be increased or decreased according to the actual situation. This is closely related to the "three-year pot" of watering. A pot of water can consume ten days to dozens of days for strong seedlings, while weak seedlings will cause fertilizer damage and die. Generally speaking, the interval of topdressing is 15 ~ 20 days in the early growth stage, 10 ~ 15 days in the growing season and 7 ~ 10 days before flower bud transformation. It is best to stop topdressing with decomposed organic fertilizer. It is best to apply compound fertilizer when applying inorganic fertilizer to prevent element deficiency. Under the existing conditions, manure can be decomposed and buried, and the effect will not be much different. It is best to apply fertilizer thinly and diligently in the family environment to reduce the occurrence of odor.

6. Cold and winter

Osmanthus fragrans cultivated in containers is easy to move, and can be moved to greenhouses, plastic film sheds and special greenhouses in winter.

1, overwintering in greenhouse

Usually in front of first frost, move to the location with sufficient sunlight and high humidity in the eighth greenhouse, that is, the location at or behind the middle front door. The place should be neat, low in the south and high in the north, not too dense. Keep potted soil dry and leaves clean. When the light in the glass greenhouse is strong, you can spray water appropriately. The room temperature is about 6℃ at night, but it can tolerate the short-term low temperature of O℃. When it is higher than 18℃ during the day, open the window for ventilation in time. 1 ~ 3 months, open the pot to change the soil. In the spring of the following year, with the increase of natural temperature, the ventilation volume increases, and when the temperature is stable at 10 ~ 15℃, it moves out of the house with the leeward facing the sun. After the monsoon in the monsoon area, it is moved to a direct sunlight environment for cultivation and maintenance.

2. Plastic film small bow shed overwinters

Xiaogongzi shed itself is a simple small greenhouse, which not only keeps warm and moisturizes, but also does not affect the wintering facilities of light. Choose a site with good leeward and sunny drainage, dig a hole 40-50 cm deep, move potted osmanthus into the hole before frost, and set it up. Leave a space of 20-30 cm away from light on the south side to prevent the natural temperature from being too low to melt for a long time after freezing, and the temperature difference in the shed changes too much to damage plants. When the natural temperature is below 0℃ at night, cover it with a mat or thermal insulation quilt to keep out the cold, and then open it after the sunshine in Rosty Yi. Potted soil should be kept dry and not watered. When the temperature is not lower than 5℃ in the spring of the following year, a lot of outdoor air can be released and transplanted to the cultivation land after adapting to the environment.

3, special cup

It is a greenhouse specially designed for osmanthus fragrans overwintering. The depth of the greenhouse is mostly 50 ~ 60 cm, and occasionally 80 cm. The north wall can reach 1.2 meters, and the cover film frame is arched. Other maintenance is the same as the small bow shed.

4. Overwintering in a family environment

Although the family environment is limited by space, the situation is still varied. Houses in rural areas are idle, but there is no heating facility in winter. In this environment, in the eighth room after autumn, all doors and windows are opened, and the soil in the basin is kept dry and placed in a well-lit place. When the room temperature is lower than 6℃, the doors and windows can be hung with single curtains or insulation quilts at night and opened during the day, which can survive the winter well. If heating facilities are available, windows should also be opened for ventilation during the day. If people spend * * * room, move it indoors at night, move it to the original culture place during the day, and fix the place after adaptation. Some flower friends also introduced that before the arrival of winter, a deep pit of 1.5 ~ 2 meters should be dug in the courtyard that does not hinder walking and daily life. When the weather is cold, osmanthus will be put into the pit. The grass curtain with petals will be opened at night and lifted during the day, which will not only block the leaves, but also grow stronger the next year. If there are courtyard conditions, it can also be regarded as a kind of indigenous wintering.