The political system in Britain is (1) that the Cabinet is the highest administrative organ of the country, which is produced from the parliament and composed of political parties with a majority of seats in the parliament, and is responsible to the parliament. The king has the formal power to act according to the will of the cabinet, and assumes etiquette functions such as head of state. The separation of powers among the king, parliament and cabinet reflects the characteristics of the British political system. (2) Although there is a basic division of labor among the king, parliament and cabinet, the boundary of decentralization is not very clear, and the phenomenon of power overlapping is prominent. The British Constitution endows Parliament with supreme status. But since the mid-20th century, the focus of power has gradually shifted to the Cabinet and the Prime Minister, and the Prime Minister has become the most powerful person in Britain.

The form and type of state structure, the unitary state divides its internal composition into ordinary administrative units or autonomous units. In a unitary country, there is only one constitution and one central government, and all administrative units and autonomous units are under the unified leadership of the central government, and there is no independent power to leave the central government. Local power is stipulated and changed by the central government through legal documents, and local power is not guaranteed by the Constitution. China, Britain, France, Italy and Japan are typical unitary countries.