Cylinder explosion: due to high temperature, the piston expands and gets stuck in the cylinder, resulting in engine scrapping. In severe cases, because the pressure is too high, the piston cannot move, and a thick flame will be ejected.
Cylinder pulling: Due to poor piston quality or high working temperature, piston deformation and cylinder wall friction, resulting in cylinder wall scratch, resulting in lax sealing and power loss. In severe cases, blue-green smoke will be emitted.
Cylinder explosion and cylinder contraction, I think it should be the same thing, but the statement is different. It's just that the word cylinder explosion sounds serious. This will happen to the engine. In fact, it may not happen in the cars we use in the market. This tragedy will happen if the engine is not well maintained. This phenomenon can be said to be common and frequent when the engine is highly squeezed in the racing car, and such accidents usually occur.
First, the heat dissipation effect of the engine is poor, which makes the working temperature of the engine exceed the temperature that the original design can bear; Secondly, poor oil quality or circulation causes insufficient lubrication; Thirdly, the adjustment of the intake and exhaust system and ignition timing of the engine is inaccurate; Finally, it should be that the workload of the engine is too high, which will cause the so-called cylinder explosion or cylinder contraction; But for such a high-tech racing car, the possibility of the above situation is relatively low, and the main problem should be caused by engine overload.
For racing engine, in order to have high performance power output, its engine speed is always pulled to more than 18000 rpm, and then it can be said that it is always in different states of low speed and high speed in the case of entering and exiting corners and using engine brakes, and the relative engine speed works between this constant high and low, which is a great test for the durability of the engine. In addition, due to the different use requirements, the internal parts of the engine are made of different metal materials. Due to the different materials of different metals, their thermal expansion and cold contraction are different, so there are so-called warm beads before the game. In addition to bringing the tires to the working temperature to increase the grip, the other is to bring all parts of the engine to the normal working temperature. When the working temperature of the engine reaches the standard set at the beginning, the engine can have the most perfect power output performance in the competition.
Cylinder explosion is one of the problems of the above-mentioned heat dissipation and lubrication system, and it is also one of the problems of thermal expansion and cold contraction and excessive use of metal materials. Of course, it is also possible that several factors occur at the same time. We should know that the engine of Formula One racing car has ten cylinders working at the same time, and cylinder explosion or cylinder contraction may only occur in one cylinder, mainly because the piston ring and cylinder wall on the cylinder piston are seriously worn or broken. Because the lubricating oil at the bottom of the engine room enters the cylinder chamber to burn, the exhaust gas that can't burn completely is discharged out of the car through the exhaust system, which is the situation that we see on TV that a large amount of white smoke emerges behind the traffic jam. According to the size of the smoke, we can roughly judge the severity of the cylinder explosion. If this phenomenon is serious, it is likely to cause oil to spill onto the runway surface, which will directly cause high danger to other cars.
In fact, the team's electronic monitoring system can monitor various working conditions of the engine. If it is found that the engine speed is constantly exceeding the limit, or the temperature is rising or the oil pressure is insufficient, the driver will be informed by radio to reduce the engine speed or speed, hoping to reduce the cylinder explosion accident by not over-squeezing the engine power output. That's why we sometimes see that a driver can catch up with the leading driver once. But after running a few laps, the speed will slow down, which is one of the reasons why we can't catch up. What the team technicians are most worried about is that all the monitoring of the racing engine is in a normal state during the race, but the problem appears in an unpredictable state in an instant. After all, the engine is made up of a pile of spare parts, and no one can guarantee that every part is perfect. In addition, the assembly of racing engine is completed by technicians, so the technicians themselves are one of the reasons, and then the drivers' own driving skills and competitions.
Cylinder contraction: related to air-fuel ratio.
In fact, the engine we usually talk about is also an internal combustion engine. The most basic thing is to mix fuel with air and then compress, ignite, explode and exhaust. It has a certain proportion, that is, air-fuel ratio, referred to as air-fuel ratio. The air-fuel ratio of the engine will affect the working temperature of the engine. Usually, when we say "run rich" in English, it means specific gravity. At this time, the engine temperature is low. On the other hand, when the air ratio is large, the running lean burn will have higher horsepower, but the engine temperature will be too high, so there will be more opportunities to shrink the cylinder. At this time, the driver can use the buttons on the steering wheel to adjust. The most important thing is that the oil-gas ratio should not be too high or too low. Just fine-tuning. You can't be too bad.