The potted cherry is a miniature cherry orchard. It can not only enjoy the beautiful scenery and fruitful results, but also have beautiful fruits to crystallize while watching. In recent years, with the improvement of potted plants, they are gradually entering the balconies and courtyards of thousands of families.
1. Variety selection
Cherry belongs to cross-pollinated fruit trees, so attention should be paid to variety collocation in potted plants. The best way is to graft 2 ~ 3 varieties in each pot. The cherry in the basin should be a variety with large fruit, bright color and strong continuous fruit-bearing ability.
Step 2 put cherries in a jar
The container should match the size of the seedling. For 1 ~ 2-year-old seedlings, containers with a diameter of 25 ~ 30cm should be selected. The container has good air permeability and no toxic effect on root system. Practice has proved that vegetarian cooking pots and wooden barrels have the best effect; Purple sand basin and plastic basin are the second; The one with enamel is the worst, and cherries are not easy to survive in the pot.
Cherry roots prepared from nutrient soil have strong respiration and high oxygen consumption. The soil needs high permeability. The ratio of nutrient soil is peat soil: manure: sand =5∶3∶2.
Selection criteria of seedlings: healthy growth of seedlings, full branches and buds, developed roots and no pests and diseases. Small perennial trees require short stems, reasonable branch distribution and large thinning degree between branches.
In early spring, before planting, the damaged roots and branches should be pruned to expose new stubble. Cut off the parts with pests and diseases. Secondly, check the drain hole of the container to keep the container drained smoothly. Pot-filling method: Invert a tile on the drain hole, then spread a layer of furnace ash slag of about 20cm, fill it with nutrient soil, and finally put the seedlings. After 2 ~ 3 times of raising seedlings and pressing soil, the soil surface is about 5 cm away from the mouth of the container.
3. Fertilizer and water management
Fertilizer and water management is the most difficult technology to master in potted plants. The main physiological activities of cherry, such as growth, flowering and fruiting, depend on daily fertilizer and water management. The principle of fertilizing cherry with water is to apply less; See dry and wet; It's full, it's leaking. In spring, cherry trees that have not yet borne fruit apply a small amount of PBO in the container. Fertilize frequently before July to promote the growth of trees. Commonly used fertilizers are cake fertilizer, livestock hoof horn, sesame sauce residue, yogurt, rice washing water, broken bone chips and so on. It is best to soak it until it is fermented and then apply it with fertilizer solution. Apply 1 0 ~15 days/times of organic fertilizer water. After August, potassium dihydrogen phosphate is added into the organic fertilizer water; For cherry trees entering the fruiting period, urea 1 time was applied before and after flowering, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer were added to the fertilizer water; In September, 50g of potassium sulfate was applied at one time. Irrigate/kloc-0 times a day in summer, and often spray some water on the leaves to cool and clean the trees. Irrigation times should be less in spring and autumn. There is basically no watering in winter. The best irrigation amount is to drop a little water from the bottom of the container. The production method of organic fertilizer water: Soak soybean meal in clear water according to the ratio of 1: 5, then ferment for 5 ~ 10d, and then add water 0/0 times of/kloc-0 to dilute.
4. Flower and fruit management
Thinning flowers and fruits is the key point of flower and fruit management. Bud thinning is stronger than flower thinning, and flower thinning is stronger than fruit thinning. There are a lot of flower buds on the tree, and some flower buds are thinned out in bud stage; The operation method is to sparse the flower buds of 1/3 ~ 1/4 on the fruiting branches of the flower cluster. During flowering, cross-species pollination should be done well. When the fruit grows to the size of soybean, the fruit with abnormal shape should be thinned out.
Step 5: plastic trimming
The terminal bud of cherry and the central bud of the flower cluster are leaf buds. Flower buds are pure flower buds, mainly axillary buds and bouquets. Axillary buds are usually inserted at the base of 1 annual branches. Pay attention to the position of flower buds when pruning. Pruning is mainly in summer, supplemented by pruning in winter. Winter pruning: winter pruning is mainly to adjust the tree type and balance the tree potential. Mainly remove competitive branches, upper branches, strong branches and slender branches. Elongated branches are cut short, resulting in branch retraction. Summer pruning: The purpose of summer pruning is to keep the tree shape, promote flowers and protect fruits. Cut off the competing branches and back branches. Pick the core when the branch grows to 15 ~ 20 cm. Generally completed before July, 1 year is no more than twice. Around September, when the branches have just reached the peak, flatten them.